分子动力学模拟纳米尺寸限制体系下氩溶液中I2的振动能量弛豫

利用平衡态分子动力学方法(EMD)模拟了纳米尺寸限制球壳内I2在Ar溶液中的振动能量转移.计算并讨论了I2振动能量弛豫时间T1随球壳半径、溶剂密度的变化规律.通过分子间相互作用分析,在原子、分子水平上,揭示了随着球壳半径的减小,T1呈逐渐增大趋势的原因.结果表明,球壳的几何限制效应和表面作用对受限溶液密度分布的影响较大,从而导致溶质振动弛豫的显著变化.此外,非限制体系模拟显示,非平衡态分子动力学(NEMD)方法可以得到与平衡态分子动力学方法较一致的振动能量弛豫时间T1.     

分子动力学模拟纳米尺寸限制体系下氩溶液中I2的振动能量弛豫

利用平衡态分子动力学方法(EMD)模拟了纳米尺寸限制球壳内I2在Ar溶液中的振动能量转移. 计算并讨论了I2振动能量弛豫时间T1随球壳半径、溶剂密度的变化规律. 通过分子间相互作用分析, 在原子、分子水平上, 揭示了随着球壳半径的减小, T1呈逐渐增大趋势的原因. 结果表明, 球壳的几何限制效应和表面作用对受限溶液密度分布的影响较大, 从而导致溶质振动弛豫的显著变化. 此外, 非限制体系模拟显示, 非平衡态分子动力学(NEMD)方法可以得到与平衡态分子动力学方法较一致的振动能量弛豫时间T1.     

开壳层体系中的总能量和轨道SCF能量

本文将闭壳层体系的近似关系式,应用于计算原子开壳层体系非相对论的总电子能量.对扰动因子作了进一步的优化,结果得到改善.     

化学子体系相互作用理论的键表方法

本文应用作者最近提出的多电子体系键表方法研究化学子体系的相互作用理论. 提出了两种构造子体系对称性匹配分割波函数的方法, 即置换群非标准基投影算子的方法和键表耦合的方法. 在此基础上研究子体系相互作用能的计算. 应用本文的方法可在价键(VB)结构相互作用或组态相互作用(CI)水平上处理各种化学上重要的多电子体系(原子或分子)的分割及其相互作用问题, 如分子间的或分子内的基团或壳层的相互作用。     

PAMAM树形分子模板法原位制备CdS-ZnS核-壳结构量子点

以4、5代PAMAM树形分子(64个酯端基)为模板, 在树形分子空腔内原位合成了CdS-ZnS核-壳结构量子点, 并对其形貌和光学性能进行了表征. HRTEM观察发现量子点分散良好, 尺寸均匀, 平均粒径约为2.3 nm. UV-Vis光谱证明ZnS外延生长在CdS核外, EDS能谱也证明了核壳结构的生成. 适当厚度的ZnS壳层可使光致发光效率提高至31%. PAMAM树形分子包在CdS-ZnS核-壳结构量子点外, 构成一层有机壳, 有效地限制了粒子聚集, 钝化了CdS量子点表面, 提高了发光效率. 另外， PAMAM树形分子良好的溶解性也赋予了量子点在不同极性溶剂中良好的溶解性, 提高了其稳定性.     

含不同共轭桥的TCNQ开闭壳层体系NLO性质的DFT研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)结合有限场(FF)方法,对不同共轭桥连接的四氰代二甲基苯醌(TCNQ)开壳层和闭壳层电子态的非线性光学(NLO)系数进行计算,并以乙烯桥为例讨论共轭链长度与NLO性质的关系.结果表明:开壳层体系的极化率和二阶超极化率值都大于闭壳层体系,且共轭桥的共轭性越强,体系的极化率和二阶超极化率越大;在自由基体系中,单重态的二阶超极化率随双自由基成分y和自旋多重度的增加而增大.体系的共轭链增长,BLA(BondLength Alternation,共轭分子中相邻单、双键键长差的平均值)逐渐减小,双自由基成分y逐渐增大,体系的二阶超极化率也逐渐增大.     

核-壳型分子印迹聚合物的制备与应用

分子印迹聚合物是具有与模板分子形状、大小及官能团完全匹配的特异识别位点的高分子聚合物,能选择性识别、有效富集目标分析物(模板分子)并去除干扰物,已广泛应用于样品前处理、化学/生物传感、药物输送等领域.然而,在合成过程中,仍存在模板分子洗脱困难、有效识别位点少、结合容量低、传质速率慢等问题.核-壳型分子印迹聚合物即在核层颗粒表面进行分子印迹,即表面印迹,印迹位点仅存在于壳层结构中,利于模板分子洗脱及扩散,能够增加有效识别位点并提高印迹容量.依据核层材料的不同,本文详细介绍了以磁性材料及非磁性材料为核的核-壳型分子印迹聚合物的合成与应用,探讨了中空核-壳分子印迹聚合物的制备与发展,并对核-壳印迹聚合物的发展前景进行了展望.     

双咪唑苯和双三唑苯及其衍生物非线性光学性质的密度泛函研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)的UB3LYP(B3LYP)/6-31+G**方法对双咪唑苯和双三咪唑苯双自由基及其衍生物几何结构进行优化,并结合有限场(FF)方法计算这些体系的非线性光学(NLO)系数.结果表明,引入给、受体取代基都能使体系的极化率α和二阶超极化率γ增大.在双自由基体系中,引入给体NH2的α和γ值大于引入受体NO2的值,与闭壳层体系中结果相反.分析自由基成分和电荷对体系的二阶超极化率γ影响的结果表明,处于中间双自由基成分的分子比相似共轭性的闭壳层分子有更大的二阶超极化率γ;带电荷的双自由基体系引入给、受体之后,与中性自由基体系相比具有更大的二阶超极化率γ.     

肽链体系中的长程电子转移: 酪氨酸与色氨酸间电子转移的理论研究

用电子转移的半经典模型和量子化学半经验方法对色氨酸-酪氨酸二肽体系进行电子转移动力学参数计算.用AM1方法分别优化给体、受体和桥体几何构型,用线性反应坐标的构造了给体和受体分子间电子转移的双势阱,得到两透热势能面交叉处的反应坐标为R=(约等于)0.10,并确定了反应的内重组能及反应热.对色氨酰酪氨酸和酪氨酰色氨酸体系进行闭壳层HF自洽场计算,按Koopmans定理计算体系分子轨道分裂能值A(三角形),在R约为0处发现了A(三角形)的极小值,从而获得色氨酰酪氨酸及酪氨酰色氨酸体系分子内电子转移的电子转移矩阵元V~D~A分别为0.96kJ.mol^-^1和0.87kJ.mol^-^1.采用Marcus双球模型估算反应的溶剂重组能为64.60kJ.mol^-^1。     

键函数对ArCl-相互作用势理论计算结果的影响

近年来, 在体系间弱相互作用势函数的研究领域中, 理论及实验两个方面都取得很大的进展. 对于闭壳层体系间相互作用(中性原子与分子的相互作用)研究得比较清楚[1,2]. 然而, 开壳层与闭壳层体系的相互作用, 特别是中性原子与离子的研究成为当前的一个重要研究方向.     

An analysis of the applicability of the sechenov equation to the system lysozyme-aqueous solution of NaCl

The coefficients of the Setchenov equation used to describe the salting out of proteins by electrolytes are presented analytically. The phase diagram and data on the solubility and salting out of lysozyme in solutions of NaCl were used to analyze the possibility of applying this equation to characterize protein interactions with electrolyte ions.     

On the understanding of the results of NMR spectra prediction using spectroscopic databases

Using spectroscopic databases for spectra prediction has become popular. Although most of the shifts predicted may be used as displayed there are some practical limitations. Some of these are suitable to distort results that are used without further consideration. Reasons and consequences of the most common aspects in this respect are discussed throughout this paper. Most critical effects are expected to rise from the presence of unrecognised data gaps and violation of the conventions used for structure coding for the database used. Any high standard deviation of predicted shift values or wide range of shift distributions indicate the need of further investigation. Looking up the reference data for the focus atom concerned can easily clarify most situations.     

On the applicability of the HSAB principle through the use of improved computational schemes for chemical hardness evaluation

Finite difference schemes, named Compact Finite Difference Schemes with Spectral-like Resolution, have been used for a less crude approximation of the analytical hardness definition as the second-order derivative of the energy with respect to the electron number. The improved computational schemes, at different levels of theory, have been used to calculate global hardness values of some probe bases, traditionally classified as hard and soft on the basis of their chemical behavior, and to investigate the quantitative applicability of the HSAB principle. Exchange acid-base reactions have been used to test the HSAB principle assuming the reaction energies as a measure of the stabilization of product adducts.     

聚酰亚胺中空纤维膜用于甲醇/甲基叔丁基醚的分离

甲醇／甲基叔丁基醚混合物的膜法分离，大多采用渗透汽化方法，少有采用蒸汽渗透法。用聚酰亚胺中空纤维膜，对以蒸汽渗透和渗透汽化两种方式分离甲醇／甲基叔丁基醚混合物（甲醇质量分数为0．01－0．30）的效果进行了对比。结果显示，在甲醇质量分数低于0．05时，蒸汽渗透较渗透汽化法的分离性能优越。     

Effect of the magnetic field on the hydrodynamic permeability of a membrane

The present paper concerns the influence of the magnetic field on the permeability of a membrane of solid cylindrical particles covered with porous layer. Here, we have considered the flow along the axis of cylinder and the alignment of uniform magnetic field is assumed to be perpendicular to the axis. The Brinkman equation is used for flow through porous region and Stokes equation is used for flow through clear fluid region. To model flow through assemblage of particles, cell model technique has been used i.e. the porous cylindrical shell is assumed to be confined within a hypothetical cell of same geometry. The stress jump condition has been employed at the fluid-porous interface and all four alternative conditions Happel, Kuwabara, Kvashnin and Mehta-Morse/Cunningham are used at the hypothetical cell. Effect of the Hartmann number on the hydrodynamic permeability of the membrane is discussed.     

Nonlinear characteristics of the quantitative relationship between the glass‐transition temperature and the structure of homopolymers

Fuzzy set theory was used to study the relationship between the glass‐transition temperature (T_g) and structure of homopolymers. The method can map the relationship and give the T_g for 235 polymers with a standard deviation of 8 K (the confidence bound was 90%). The entropy of the fuzziness was used to quantitatively describe the interactions among groups. The method was used to predict the T_g of 10 polymers not included in the 235 polymers, with a standard deviation of 9 K (the confidence bound was 90%). The study demonstrates again that fuzzy set theory can be effectively used to investigate the quantitative structure–property relationship of polymers. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 40: 2164–2169, 2002     

A comprehensive evaluation of the kinetic method applied in the determination of the proton affinity of the nucleic acid molecules

The determination of proton affinity (PA) of 2'-deoxyadenosine (dA) is used as a case study for the evaluation of possible drawbacks in the determination of the PA of the nucleic acid molecules by the kinetic method. The observed Delta PA among the different values obtain for dA by applying this procedure in its different extensions was 0.64 Kcal/mol, which is within the uncertainties of any theoretical or experimental approach. It was demonstrated that nucleosides can be generally used as reference compounds to measure the PA of an unknown nucleoside. The evaluation of Delta Delta S value for two competing reaction channels taken by proton-bound heterodimers formed by two nucleosides provides clear information on the reference base which has to be discarded from the set of reference compounds used for the estimation of an unknown PA. The PA of dA obtained with the most elaborated kinetic method (237.00 +/- 0.07 kcal/mol) is consistent with the value of 237.0 kcal/mol obtained by a simple treatment of the relative intensities of the product ions generated by two couples of the proton bound dimers formed by the nucleoside and two reference amines. The kinetic method can be, therefore, confidently used to assess the proton affinity of the multifunctional molecules such as nucleosides and nucleobases.     

Synthesis of the ABC- and D-ring systems of the indole alkaloid ambiguine G

A glycine Schiff base Michael addition is used in sequence with free radical-mediated aryl amination to ultimately arrive at the ambiguine G ABC-tricycle convergently. Additionally, thermal Diels-Alder cycloaddition of beta-chloromethacrolein with Cohen's diene is used to diastereoselectively construct the D-cyclohexane ring bearing a neopentyl chloride.     

Preliminary Ultrasonication Affects the Rate of the Bacteriorhodopsin Bleaching and the Effectiveness of the Reconstitution Process in Bacterioopsin

The formation process of polymer films based on bacteriorhodopsin (BR) analogs requests a high amount of BR samples one time only. The common technique for apomembrane formation (preparation of bacterioopsin, BO) is not designed to be operated with high concentrations and high volumes of BR, so the use of this technique results in a low rate of BR bleaching. To accelerate the process of BR bleaching preliminary sonication was used. It was used just as preliminary sonication before bleaching of BR samples, so also sonication was used before reconstitution of resulted BO samples. These modifications of the common technique lead to an acceleration of BR bleaching and an increase in effectiveness of reconstitution of BO in comparison with the nonmodified technique. The quantitative results of sonication's effect on the bleaching acceleration and the effectiveness of reconstitution are different depending on the BR strains.