新型萘酰亚胺-氟硼二吡咯荧光分子的合成、荧光共振能量转移及细胞成像

通过Click反应合成了萘酰亚胺-氟硼二吡咯复合结构荧光分子1-(2-(4-(1,3,5,7-四甲基氟硼二吡咯基)苯氧基)乙基)-4-(4-N-正丁基-1,8-萘酰亚胺)-1,2,3-三唑(NP-BODIPY),化合物结构经核磁共振氢谱、核磁共振碳谱以及高分辨质谱确征.NP-BODIPY存在从萘酰亚胺能量给体到氟硼二吡咯能量受体之间的分子内荧光共振能量转移.制备了负载萘酰亚胺-氟硼二吡咯荧光染料NP-BODIPY的二氧化硅荧光纳米粒子NP-BODIPY/Si O_2,粒径为50 nm,测定了NP-BODIPY的紫外可见吸收及荧光光谱.NP-BODIPY的固体在暗室中紫外灯下呈紫红色荧光;NP-BODIPY的THF溶液呈明亮的绿色荧光,荧光发射在430和510 nm呈双峰结构,荧光量子产率为0.67,紫外吸收位于366和500 nm;NP-BODIPY在含水量为80%H_2O/THF混合溶液中的荧光较强,荧光量子产率为0.39,最大荧光峰位于510 nm.将其与人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)共同孵化,荧光染料纳米粒子进入MCF-7细胞内并清晰成像.NP-BODIPY/Si O_2荧光纳米粒子亲水性好,尺寸可控,细胞毒性低,生物相容性优,可广泛应用于生物标记及荧光成像.     

双态发光三苯胺基有机硼配合物的设计、合成与应用

以三(4-溴苯)胺、4-氨基苯硼酸频哪醇酯、4-二乙氨基水杨醛和三氟化硼乙醚溶液为原料,经过Suzuki偶联反应、缩合反应和配位反应,设计、合成了一种新型三枝结构的三苯胺有机硼配合物(TPAB),使用 ¹H和 ¹³C NMR对 TPAB的结构进行了表征,通过紫外可见吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱详细研究了TPAB溶液和固体态的光物理性能以及不同的外部条件对其发光性能的影响。发现 TPAB溶液和固体态都具有较强的荧光发射,在四氢呋喃溶液中的吸收峰位于 417 nm,发射峰位于 548 nm,荧光量子产率为 40.49%,荧光寿命为 1.72 ns;TPAB 固体的荧光发射峰位于 582 nm,荧光量子产率为 11.43%,荧光寿命为 0.72ns,表明TPAB具有优良的双光发光性能。此外,TPAB具有良好的发光稳定性,不受pH、金属离子、氨基酸和压力的影响。基于化合物优异的发光性能,将其应用于荧光细胞成像,在肝癌细胞(HepG2)中表现出良好的单光子和双光子荧光成像效果。     

用于细胞成像的双氰基二苯代乙烯衍生物双光子荧光银离子探针

双光子荧光显微成像兼具诸如近红外激发、暗场成像、避免荧光漂白和光致毒、定靶激发、高横向分辨率与纵向分辨率、降低生物组织吸光系数及降低组织自发荧光干扰等特点,显著地优于单光子荧光显微成像,为生命科学研究提供了更为便利的工具.因此双光子荧光探针适合于生物检测与成像.制备了衍生于二苯代乙烯的双光子荧光银离子探针,此探针以拥有异常大的双光子吸收截面(6TPA)的4-甲基-2,5-二氰基-4'-氨基二苯乙烯(DCS)作为双光子荧光母体,以6-芳基-3,9-二硫-6-氮杂癸烷(TAU)为Ag+配体.探针显示了大的δTPA(在MeCN中,950 GM)、对银离子有高的灵敏性与选择性、强的双光子荧光(790 nm激光激发时).探针的络合常数为IgK=5.76±0.05.探针能选择性地检测和成像活细胞中的游离Ag+,可用于细胞中微量Ag+的分析检测与成像.此探针为开发理想的双光子荧光探针提供了可供借鉴的平台.     

双态发光三苯胺基有机硼配合物的设计、合成与应用

以三(4-溴苯)胺、4-氨基苯硼酸频哪醇酯、4-二乙氨基水杨醛和三氟化硼乙醚溶液为原料,经过Suzuki偶联反应、缩合反应和配位反应,设计、合成了一种新型三枝结构的三苯胺有机硼配合物(TPAB),使用¹H和¹³C NMR对TPAB的结构进行了表征,通过紫外可见吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱详细研究了TPAB溶液和固体态的光物理性能以及不同的外部条件对其发光性能的影响。发现TPAB溶液和固体态都具有较强的荧光发射,在四氢呋喃溶液中的吸收峰位于417 nm,发射峰位于548 nm,荧光量子产率为40.49%,荧光寿命为1.72 ns; TPAB固体的荧光发射峰位于582 nm,荧光量子产率为11.43%,荧光寿命为0.72ns,表明TPAB具有优良的双态发光性能。此外,TPAB具有良好的发光稳定性,不受pH、金属离子、氨基酸和压力的影响。基于化合物优异的发光性能,将其应用于荧光细胞成像,在肝癌细胞(HepG2)中表现出良好的单光子和双光子荧光成像效果。     

多枝[1,3,4]-噁二唑衍生物的双光子吸收和光功率限幅特性

采用非线性透过率法测定了多枝[1,3,4]-噁二唑衍生物的双光子吸收性质. 测定了化合物的单光子荧光光谱和双光子荧光光谱, 在800 nm波长的激光激发下, 9-乙基-3,6-双{5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-[1,3,4] 噁二唑-2-苯乙烯基}-咔唑(3)和三-{5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-[1,3,4] 噁二唑-2-苯乙烯基-4-苯基}-胺(4)能够发出很强的蓝色和黄绿色双光子上转换荧光, 荧光峰分别位于485和547 nm. 这些多枝结构化合物的双光子吸收截面较大(数值超过104 GM), 并具有很强的光限幅效应. 多枝分子中重复单元的推拉电子结构和协同效应有效地增强了分子的双光子吸收性质.     

2,5-双(对二甲氨基苯乙烯基)吡嗪的双光子诱导荧光性质

本工作合成了具有D-π-A-π-D对称结构的化合物2,5-双(对二甲氨基苯乙烯基)吡嗪。利用飞秒激光器研究了2,5-双(对二甲氨基苯乙烯基)吡嗪的双光子吸收特性,获得了在820 nm处的最大双光子吸收截面(σ= 212 GM)。荧光发射强度与激发光强平方的线性关系证明了2,5-双(对二甲氨基苯乙烯基)吡嗪的双光子诱导发光机制。     

吡啶星型分子的双光子上转换荧光特性

用飞秒Ti:sapphire激光测定了一种星型吡啶分子2,5-二{4-{4-[N,N-二(4-吡啶乙烯基)苯基氨基]苯乙烯基}苯基}-1,3,4-噁二唑(PyPASPO)的双光子吸收截面及上转换荧光光谱.采用非线性透过率法测得二氯甲烷和四氢呋喃溶液中的其双光子吸收截面分别为412.5 和288.8 GM. 系统研究了吡啶星形分子PyPASPO的线性吸收和透过、单光子荧光、荧光寿命及激发-发射三维荧光谱和前线轨道能级. 在800 nm和150 fs钛宝石激光器激发下PyPASPO在二氯甲烷和四氢呋喃溶液中的双光子上转换荧光发射波长分别位于571和 525 nm,在二氯甲烷溶液中单光子荧光峰位于532 nm,荧光寿命为1.24 ns. HOMO和LUMO能级分别为-5.21 eV和-2.92 eV.增大分子内电荷转移有效增强了吡啶星形分子的双光子吸收和双光子上转换荧光发射能力     

以N为耦合中心多枝分子的双光子上转换荧光

采用非线性透过率法研究了以N为耦合中心的多枝化合物N-[4-{2-(3,5-二-[5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-]苯基}-1-乙烯基}苯基}-N,N-二苯胺(BPODPA), N,N-双[4-{2-(3,5-二-[5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-]苯基}-1-乙烯基}苯基}-N-苯胺(BBPOPA)和N,N,N-三[4-{2-(3,5-二-[5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2]苯基}-1-乙烯基}苯基}胺(TBPOA)的双光子吸收性质, 测定了化合物的单光子荧光光谱和双光子上转换荧光光谱, 研究了多枝化对三苯胺分子双光子吸收和双光子激发荧光性质的影响.在800 nm波长的激光激发下,化合物BPODPA、BBPOPA和TBPOA在二氯甲烷溶液中发出很强的蓝绿色双光子上转换荧光, 荧光峰分别位于502、515 和518 nm. 这些多枝结构化合物的双光子吸收截面较大, 双光子吸收增强来源于多枝分子中扩展的π共轭体系和重复单元的协同效应.     

荧光标记豇豆花叶病毒的制备及细胞成像

利用与氨基选择性反应的荧光染料5-羧基荧光素琥珀酰亚胺酯(5-FAMSE)对豇豆花叶病毒(CPMV)表面的氨基进行修饰,制备了荧光功能化CPMV纳米粒(5-FAM/CPMV)。对其结构形态和单、双光子荧光进行了测试,用毛细管电泳对其表面特性进行了考察,并将其用于Hela细胞的双光子荧光成像。研究表明,目标纳米粒粒径均匀,仍具有天然CPMV的特性,能进入Hela细胞,在波长800nm激光激发下可以成功地用于肿瘤细胞的成像分析,可望用于肿瘤靶向双光子荧光细胞成像方面的研究。     

双氰基二苯代乙烯型双光子荧光铅离子探针

以4-甲基-2,5-二氰基-4'-氨基二苯代乙烯(DCS)和双[2-(2-氨基苯基硫基)乙基]胺(BSA)分别作为双光子荧光团和铅离子配体,构建了1个新型的双光子荧光Pb2+探针(DPb),并对其结构和性能进行了表征.结果表明,该探针具有分子尺寸小、双光子吸收截面大(δ_(TPA),1020 GM)、长波长发射(λmax=609 nm)、斯托克斯位移大(209 nm)、光稳定性好、水溶性适宜、细胞渗透性优良、无细胞毒性及在生理环境下对p H不依赖等优点.该探针能选择性地检测细胞与组织中的Pb2+,猝灭常数K~(TP)_(sv)=7.58×10~5L/mol.     

NIR-Ⅱ Excitation and NIR-I Emission Based Two-photon Fluorescence Lifetime Microscopic Imaging Using Aggregation-induced Emission Dots

Near-infrared(NIR)lights are powerful tools to conduct deep-tissue imaging since NIR-Ⅰ wavelengths hold less photon absorption and NIR-Ⅱ wavelengths serve low photon scattering in the biological tissues compared with visible lights.Two-photon fluorescence lifetime microscopy(2PFLM)can utilize NIR-Ⅱ excitation and NIR-Ⅰ emission at the same time with the assistance of a well-designed fluorescent agent.Aggregation induced emission(AIE)dyes are famous for unique optical properties and could serve a large two-photon absorption(2PA)cross-section as aggregated dots.Herein,we report two-photon fluorescence lifetime microscopic imaging with NIR-Ⅱ excitation and NIR-Ⅰ emission using a novel deep-red AIE dye.The AIE-gens held a 2PA cross-section as large as 1.61×10⁴GM at 1040 nm.Prepared AIE dots had a two-photon fluorescence peak at 790 nm and a stable lifetime of 2.2 ns under the excitation of 1040 nm femtosecond laser.The brain vessels of a living mouse were vividly reconstructed with the two-photon fluorescence lifetime information obtained by our home-made 2PFLM system.Abundant vessels as small as 3.17μm were still observed with a nice signal-background ratio at the depth of 750μm.Our work will inspire more insight into the improvement of the working wavelength of fluorescent agents and traditional 2PFLM.     

The two-photon excitation cross section of 6MAP, a fluorescent adenine analogue

6MAP is a fluorescent analogue of adenine that undergoes Watson-Crick base pairing and base stacking in double-stranded DNA. The one-photon absorption spectrum of 6MAP is characterized by a maximum around 330 nm with moderate quantum yield fluorescence centered at about 420 nm. To take advantage of this probe for confocal and single-molecule microscopy, it would be advantageous to be able to excite the analogue via two photons. We report the first determination of the two-photon excitation cross section and spectrum for 6MAP from 614 to 700 nm. The power dependence of the fluorescence indicates that emission results from the absorption of two photons. The one-photon and two-photon emission line shapes are identical within experimental error. A study of the concentration dependence of the fluorescence yield for one-photon excitation shows no measurable quenching up to about 5 microM. The maximum in the two-photon excitation spectrum gives a two-photon cross section, delta(TPE), of 3.4 +/- 0.1 Goeppert-Mayer (G.M.) at 659 nm, which correlates well with the one-photon absorption maximum. This compares quite favorably with cross sections of various naturally fluorescent biological molecules such as flavins and nicotiamide. In addition, we have also obtained the two-photon-induced fluorescence emission spectrum of quinine sulfate. It is approximately the same as that for one-photon excitation, suggesting that two-photon excitation of quinine sulfate may be used for calibration purposes.     

Organically modified silica nanoparticles co-encapsulating photosensitizing drug and aggregation-enhanced two-photon absorbing fluorescent dye aggregates for two-photon photodynamic therapy

We report energy-transferring organically modified silica nanoparticles for two-photon photodynamic therapy. These nanoparticles co-encapsulate two-photon fluorescent dye nanoaggregates as an energy up-converting donor and a photosensitizing PDT drug as an acceptor. They combine two features: (i) aggregation-enhanced two-photon absorption and emission properties of a novel two-photon dye and (ii) nanoscopic fluorescence resonance energy transfer between this nanoaggregate and a photosensitizer, 2-devinyl-2-(1-hexyloxyethyl)pyropheophorbide. Stable aqueous dispersions of the co-encapsulating nanoparticles (diameter < or = 30 nm) have been prepared in the nonpolar interior of micelles by coprecipitating an organically modified silica sol with the photosensitizer and an excess amount of the two-photon dye which forms fluorescent aggregates by phase separation from the particle matrix. Using a multidisciplinary nanophotonic approach, we show: (i) indirect excitation of the photosensitizer through efficient two-photon excited intraparticle energy transfer from the dye aggregates in the intracellular environment of tumor cells and (ii) generation of singlet oxygen and in vitro cytotoxic effect in tumor cells by photosensitization under two-photon irradiation.     

Energy transfer in calixarene-based cofacial-positioned perylene bisimide arrays

The synthesis of multichromophoric perylene bisimide-calix[4]arene arrays with up to five perylene units (containing orange, violet, and green perylene bisimide chromophores) and of monochromophoric model compounds was achieved by subsequent imidization of mono-Boc functionalized calix[4]arene linkers with three different types of perylene bisimide dye units. The optical properties of all compounds were studied with UV/vis absorption and steady state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Upon excitation of the inner orange dye at 490 nm of array 3, strong fluorescence emission of the outer green perylene bisimide (PBI) chromophore at 744 nm is observed. The fluorescence excitation spectra of compounds 3 and 4 (lambdadet = 850 nm) show all absorption bands of the parent chromophores (e.g., all perylene units contribute to the emission from S1 state of the green PBI). Thus, the fluorescence emission and excitation spectra as well as time-resolved data of fluorescence lifetimes in the absence (tauD = 5.1 ns) and in the presence of an acceptor (tauDA = 0.8 ns) suggest efficient energy transfer processes between the perylene bisimide dye units. For the bichromophoric array 4, the energy transfer rate is calculated to a value of 1.05 x 109 s-1. These results demonstrate highly efficient energy transfer in cofacially assembled dye arrays.     

Excited states and two-photon absorption of some novel thiophenyl Pt(II)-ethynyl derivatives

The photophysical characterization of two new compounds related to bis((4-(phenylethynyl)phenyl)ethynyl)bis(tributylphosphine)platinum(II), here abbreviated Pt1, is reported. For the first new compound ATP1, the inner phenyl rings (closer to the Pt atom) in Pt1 are replaced by thiophene rings bridging at the 2,5-positions. In compound ATP2, the outer phenyl groups are replaced by thiophene rings bonded at the 2-position. Specifically, we report on the fluorescence quantum yield, two-photon absorption, triplet decay times and two-photon absorption induced emission spectra of the molecules in THF solutions. The results were compared with those of Pt1 and Pt1 capped with an acetonide-protected 2,2-bis(methylol)propionic acid (bis-MPA) ester group (Pt1-G1). The photophysical properties of the organic dye 7-(diethylamino)coumarin (Coumarin 110) were determined and used as a reference material. The two-photon absorption cross section around 720-740 nm of ATP1 and ATP2 was found to be of the same order of magnitude as for Pt1-G1, i.e., between 5 and 10 GM, but slightly larger for ATP1 than for ATP2 (1 GM = 1 G?ppert-Mayer = 10(-50) (cm(4) s)/photon). The fluorescence decay time of all compounds was found to be very short (subnanosecond) with quantum yields 0.0045, 0.0007, 0.0011 and 0.0020 for ATP1, ATP2, Pt1-G1 and Pt1, respectively, measured at excitation wavelength 373 nm. Just as Pt1 and Pt1-G1, both thiophenyl derivatives showed large intersystem crossing capabilities and phosphorescence, characteristic for a triplet state that can enhance the nonlinear absorption and optical power limiting by triplet state absorption. The phosphorescence emission of the thiophenyl derivatives was red-shifted in comparison with Pt1 and Pt1-G1, and the phosphorescence decay times were on the order of 200-500 ns, as for the Pt1 compound.     

基于羟苯基苯并咪唑的Zn2+比率荧光探针

通过羰基将两分子2-(4-氨基-2-羟苯基)苯并咪唑(4-AHBI)连接,合成了结构高度对称的新化合物N,N′-二-[3-羟基-4-(2-苯并咪唑)苯基]脲(C27H20N6O3,1),测试了不同溶剂条件下1的紫外吸收和荧光发射光谱,研究了1对Zn2+的选择性识别作用。结果表明,随着溶剂极性的增大,1的紫外吸收峰发生蓝移,激发态分子内质子转移(ESIPT)荧光发射峰明显增强。与4-AHBI相比,1在乙腈溶液中的紫外吸收强度增强约3.5倍,最大吸收峰红移8 nm,荧光发射增强8倍多。1在乙腈溶液中的Zn2+荧光响应行为表明1与Zn2+的结合将导致1在445 nm处的荧光强度不断降低,而在395 nm处出现的新峰的荧光强度不断增强,具有比率荧光探针的特点,而且检测范围较宽,可达1×10-6-1×10-2 mol.L-1。     

多支结构的吡嗪衍生物的合成及其双光子吸收性质

合成了一系列含有双支、三支和四支的吡嗪衍生物, 测定了它们的线性吸收和发射性质以及双光子吸收和发射性质. 随着吡嗪环上侧链数目的增加(支链数目从2到4), 吸收光谱(吸收峰位于290～390 nm)、荧光谱(发射峰位于400～510 nm)和双光子荧光谱(激发波长720 nm)都发生红移, 荧光量子产率也逐渐增强(从0.13增大到0.25). 另外, 从双支到四支结构, 双光子吸收截面σ按照1∶2.8∶3.7的比例增加, 接近于支链数目的平方之比(1∶2.25∶4), 表明多支结构的双光子吸收存在显著的增强效应, 其中四支结构的σ值为1007 GM. 实验中还发现, 对于具有相同支链数目的化合物, 邻、对位的取代模式比间位取代模式具有更强的单光子和双光子荧光性质.     

Water-soluble NIR fluorescent probes based on squaraine and their application for protein labeling.

Water-soluble near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent labeling probes, named KSQ-3 and -4, which are based on a squaraine backbone, were synthesized and applied to biological labeling. The presented results demonstrate that the large, planar and hydrophobic squaraine dye becomes fully soluble in aqueous solution by the introduction of several sulfo group terminated alkyl substituents. Especially KSQ-4, which is substituted with four sulfo groups, exhibited perfect water solubility and significant fluorescence emission at the NIR region (817 nm) in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA). BSA was covalently labeled with KSQ-4, and the conjugate showed a strong absorption peak at 787 nm, which indicates compatibility with commercially available NIR laser diodes used for exciting the fluorophore. Furthermore, strong fluorescence emission was observed at 812 nm (phi = 0.08).     

均二苯乙烯类双光子荧光探针的合成及对金属离子的识别

合成了以均二苯乙烯为荧光母体, 一端以N,N-二甲基, 一端以7-苯基-1-氧杂-4,10-二硫杂-7-氮杂环十二烷(NS2O)为受体的荧光探针(DMNS2O), 并用1H NMR等技术对其进行了结构鉴定. 通过X射线单晶衍射分析发现均二苯乙烯的3个苯环非共平面, 二面角分别为24.6°和37.5°; 在加入金属离子Ag+和Zn2+之后, 探针在600 nm处的荧光峰消失, 420 nm处产生新的荧光峰, 其它金属离子的干扰较小.双光子荧光激发研究结果表明, 当激发波长为750 nm时, 双光子荧光发射最强.     

BODIPY-based hydroxyaryl derivatives as fluorescent pH probes

[structures: see text] Seven new 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) dyes with phenolic or naphtholic subunits on position 8 and with substituents having different electron driving forces on positions 3 and 5 were synthesized. Their absorption and steady-state fluorescence properties were investigated as a function of solvent. The novel compounds, with the exception of 4,4-difluoro-8-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,5-bis-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene, are characterized by absorption maxima in the range 493-515 nm and small (400-600 cm(-1)) Stokes shifts. The exceptional dye has absorption maxima in the 570-580 nm region and fluorescence emission maxima around 610-620 nm, depending on the solvent. In aqueous solution, the dyes show a large fluorescent enhancement upon increasing the acidity of the solution. They can be used in aqueous solution as fluorescent pH probes excitable with visible light, with pKa values ranging from 7.5 to 9.3, depending on the substitution pattern on positions 3, 5, and 8.