Truncated States Obtained by Iteration

We introduce the concept of truncated states obtained via iterative processes （TSI） and study its statistical features, making an analogy with dynamical systems theory （DST）. As a specific example, we have studied TSI for the doubling and the logistic functions, which are standard functions in studying chaos. TSI for both the doubling and logistic functions exhibit certain similar patterns when their statistical features are compared from the point of view of DST.     

Bacteria Spectra Obtained by Laser Induced Fluorescence

Laser-induced fluorescence technique (LIF) is described for getting bacteria spectra in the liquid phase. An excimer laser pumping a dye-laser and a doubly frequency laser have been used, exciting the bacteria to 290 nm, and using a monochromator, 600 lines/mm grating, with a CCD to measure and obtain the fluorescence spectra. In this study, a laser induced fluorescence system to measure certain bioaerosols (bacteria) was optimised. Finally, a small bacteria fluorescence spectra collection is presented.     

Orthomodular Lattices of Subspaces Obtained from Quadratic Forms

Being given a field K of characteristic different from 2 and 3, a 3-dimensional vector space E over K, and a nonsingular symmetric bilinear form φ over E, we define a structure of orthomodular lattice T(E,φ) on the set of all nonisotropic subspaces of E. We give a structure Theorem about the irreducible and 3-homogeneous subalgebras of T(E,φ). In particular, these subalgebras are all of the form T(E',φ ') where E' is a 3-dimensional subspace of E, if E is regarded as a vector space over a subfield K' of K, and φ ' is induced by φ. This structure Theorem allows us to achieve an old project, concerning minimal orthomodular lattices (an orthomodular lattice L is called minimal if it is nonmodular and if all its proper subalgebras are either modular, or isomorphic to L).     

Braided Hopf Algebras Obtained from Coquasitriangular Hopf Algebras

In this paper, we study the generalized quantum double construction for paired Hopf algebras with particular attention to the case when the generalized quantum double is a Hopf algebra with projection. Applying our theory to a coquasitriangular Hopf algebra (H, σ), we see that H has an associated structure of braided Hopf algebra in the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over , where H _σ is a subHopf algebra of H ⁰, the finite dual of H. Specializing to the quantum group H = SL _q (N), we find that H _σ is , so that the duality between these quantum groups is just the evaluation map. Furthermore, we obtain explicit formulas for the braided Hopf algebra structure of SL _q (N) in the category of left Yetter-Drinfeld modules over . The second author held a postdoctoral fellowship at Mount Allison University from 2005 to 2007 and would like to thank Mount Allison for their warm hospitality. Support for the first author’s research and partial support for the postdoctoral position of the second author came from an NSERC Discovery Grant. The second author now holds research support from Grant 434/1.10.2007 of CNCSIS.     

SiC-Based Composite Materials Obtained by Siliconizing Carbon Matrices

We have developed a method for fabrication of parts of complicated configuration from composite materials based on SiC ceramics, which employs the interaction of silicon melt with the carbon matrix having a certain composition and porosity. For elevating the operating temperatures of ceramic components, we have developed a method for depositing protective silicon-carbide coatings that is based on the interaction of the silicon melt and vapor with carbon obtained during thermal splitting of hydrocarbon molecules. The new structural ceramics are characterized by higher operating temperatures; chemical stability; mechanical strength; thermal shock, wear and radiation resistance; and parameters stability.     

Decagonal and Dodecagonal Quasicrystals Obtained by Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Double-well potentials are used for molecular dynamics simulation in monatomic systems. The potentials change as their parameters are adjusted, resulting in different structures. Of particular interest, we obtain decagonal and dodecagonal quasicrystals by simulations. We also verify the results and explain the formation of quasicrystals from the perspective of potential energy.     

Density Functional Approach Based on Numerically Obtained Bridge Functional

The Ornstein Zernike equation is solved with the Rogers Young approximation for bulk hard sphere fluidand Lennard-Jones fluid for several state points. Then the resulted bulk fluid radial distribution function combinedwith the test particle method is employed to determine numerically the function relationship of bridge functional as afunction of indirect correlation function. It is found that all of the calculated points from different phase space statepoints for a same type of fluid collapse onto a same smooth curve. Then the numerically obtained curve is used tosubstitute the analytic expression of the bridge functional as a function of indirect correlation function required in themethodology [J. Chem. Phys. 112 (2000) 8079] to deterrnine the density distribution of non-uniform hard spherefluid and Lennard Jones fluid. The good agreement of theoretical predictions with the computer simulation data isobtained. The present numerical procedure incorporates the knowledge of bulk fluid radial distribution function intothe constructing of the density functional approximation and makes the original methodology more accurate and moreflexible for various interaction potential fluid.     

Automorphism Groups of Orthomodular Lattices Obtained from Quadratic Spaces

We study the automorphism group of some orthomodular lattices, obtained from a quadratic space over a field K. We show how this group is linked to the semi-orthogonal group and with the group of all similarity transformations of the quadratic space. When the field K is finite, the cardinality of the automorphism group is given. AMS subject classification (1991): 06C15, 15A63, 20D45.     

Spectroscopic Characterization of Complexes Obtained by Mechanochemical Reactions of Hemin

The solid state reactions of hemin with potassium acetate, KSCN, and Ag₂SO₄ were monitored using IR, Mössbauer and XRD techniques. These salts do not react at the peripheral propionic acid groups of hemin but form high spin complexes with hemin at the iron site. These complexes can be considered as ionic where the anions are coordinated to the metal through electrostatic interactions.     

Magnetic Properties of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Obtained by Laser Evaporation

Russian Physics Journal - The paper concentrates on a synthesis of spherical magnetic particles obtained by laser evaporation under various process conditions. Depending on the process conditions,...     

Facts,Values and Quanta

Quantum mechanics is a fundamentally probabilistic theory (at least so far as the empirical predictions are concerned). It follows that, if one wants to properly understand quantum mechanics, it is essential to clearly understand the meaning of probability statements. The interpretation of probability has excited nearly as much philosophical controversy as the interpretation of quantum mechanics. 20th century physicists have mostly adopted a frequentist conception. In this paper it is argued that we ought, instead, to adopt a logical or Bayesian conception. The paper includes a comparison of the orthodox and Bayesian theories of statistical inference. It concludes with a few remarks concerning the implications for the concept of physical reality.     

Insights About CHAPS Aggregation Obtained by Spin Label EPR Spectroscopy

CHAPS is a zwitterionic surfactant derivative of bile salts, widely used in membrane protein isolation. While some studies regarding CHAPS self-aggregation suggest continuous increase in micelle size at increasing CHAPS concentration, other works point to the existence of two definite micelle types. In this work, stearic acid spin labels (5, 12, or 16-SASL) were added to CHAPS solutions to obtain information about the micellar structure using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The spectra of 12-SASL were processed using Principal Factor Analysis, and at all concentrations they could be reproduced as linear combinations of only three fundamental spectra, the first one corresponding to free 12-SASL in aqueous solution. This fact suggests only two hydrophobic environments that host 12-SASL, assigned to primary and secondary CHAPS micelles. The relative populations of the label in each environment were obtained as a function of CHAPS concentration. Our results suggest barrel-shaped primary micelles with a minimum mean radius of 1.46 nm, and a critical micelle concentration cmc_I = 4 mM. Secondary micelles are formed by aggregation of primary ones, with cmc_II = 10 mM. They have several elongated hydrophobic pockets, with similar dimensions for all aggregate sizes. Our results contribute to the understanding of the mechanism of interaction of chain amphiphiles with CHAPS micelles.     

利用共振辐射压力获得准单一速度原子束

报道了利用行波场的共振辐射压力获得准单一速度原子束的实验研究结果，并进行了理论分析。实验上利用斜入射失谐为－１００ＭＨｚ行波光场共振作用原子束可使准单一速度原子束偏转１．７ｍｍ，速度宽度小于５８ｍ／ｓ。     

Fluorescent Microcrystals Obtained from Coumarin 6 Using the Reprecipitation Method

The reprecipitation method was applied to Coumarin 6. A concentrated solution of the dye in acetone was mixed at room temperature with a large volume of water, and microcrystals rapidly appeared in the medium. Their size and shape were visualized by fluorescence microscopy, as well as by transmission electron microscopy. The absorption and fluorescence properties were studied on the suspensions and compared with those of the dissolved dye. This study is aimed at clarifying the influence of the reprecipitation process upon the fluorescence properties of the dye in the solid state.     

Analysis to Some Solutions Obtained by Modified Extended tanh-Function Method

First, two tanh-coth type solutions of a class of nonlinear wave equation are derived by using a simplified modified extended tanh-function method. Then, further analysis to some tanh-coth type solutions of nonlinear evolution equations are given. The results show that when balance number $ m$ is one or two, the tanh-coth type solutions obtained by the modifiedextended tanh-function method can be obtained by using the hyperbolic-function method.     

Energy Spectra of the Confined Atoms Obtained by Using B-Splines

We have calculated the energy spectra of one- and two-electron atoms (ions) centered in an impenetrable spherical box by variational method with B-splines as basis functions. Accurate results are obtained for both large and small radii of confinement. The critical box radius of confined hydrogen atom is also calculated to show the usefulness of our method. A partial energy degeneracy in confined hydrogen atom is found when the radius of spherical box is equal to the distance at which a node of single-node wavefunctions of free hydrogen atom is located.