Fixed point iteration processes for asymptotic pointwise nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces

Let X be a uniformly convex Banach space with the Opial property. Let T:C→C be an asymptotic pointwise nonexpansive mapping, where C is bounded, closed and convex subset of X. In this paper, we prove that the generalized Mann and Ishikawa processes converge weakly to a fixed point of T. In addition, we prove that for compact asymptotic pointwise nonexpansive mappings acting in uniformly convex Banach spaces, both processes converge strongly to a fixed point.     

Weak topology and Browder-Kirk's theorem on hyperspace

Let K be a weakly compact, convex subset of a Banach space X with normal structure. Browder-Kirk's theorem states that every non-expansive mapping T which maps K into K has a fixed point in K. Suppose now that WCC(X) is the collection of all non-empty weakly compact convex subsets of X. We shall define a certain weak topology Tw on WCC(X) and have the above-mentioned result extended to the hyperspace (WCC(X);Tw).     

Approximation of fixed points and variational solutions for pseudo-contractive mappings in banach spaces

Let K be a nonempty, closed and convex subset of a real reflexive Banach space E which has a uniformly Gâteaux differentiable norm. Assume that every nonempty closed convex and bounded subset of K has the fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings. Strong convergence theorems for approximation of a fixed point of Lipschitz pseudo-contractive mappings which is also a unique solution to variational inequality problem involving ?-strongly pseudo-contractive mappings are proved. The results presented in this article can be applied to the study of fixed points of nonexpansive mappings, variational inequality problems, convex optimization problems, and split feasibility problems. Our result extends many recent important results.     

Distortion and stability of the fixed point property for non-expansive mappings

Let X be a Banach space. We say that X satisfies the fixed point property (weak fixed point property) if every non-expansive mapping defined from a convex closed bounded (convex weakly compact) subset of X into itself has a fixed point. We say that X satisfies the stable fixed point property (stable weak fixed point property) if the same is true for every equivalent norm which is close enough to the original one. Denote by P(X) the set formed by all equivalent norms with the topology of the uniform convergence on the unit ball of X. We prove that the subset of P(X) formed by the norms failing the fixed point property is dense in P(X) when X is a non-distortable space which fails the fixed point property. In particular, no renorming of ?₁ can satisfy the stable fixed point property. Furthermore, we show some examples of distortable spaces failing the weak fixed point property, which can be renormed to satisfy the stable weak fixed point property. As a consequence we prove that every separable Banach space can be renormed to satisfy the stable weak fixed point property.     

Fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings versus that for nonexpansive semigroups

The main result of this paper is that a closed convex subset of a Banach space has the fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings if and only if it has the fixed point property for nonexpansive semigroups.     

Banach空间中非Lipschitz映象的连续半群的不动点定理

设E是一实的p一致凸Banach空间.利用渐近中心,E中范数不等式和逐次逼近的思想,本文证明了E中非Lipschitz映象的连续半群的不动点存在的定理.该定理本质上把Lipschitz半群的不动点存在性的研究推广到了非Lipschitz映象的连续半群的情况.另一方面,应用该定理,还得到了非Lipschitz映象的渐近非扩张型半群的渐近行为方面的一些结果.     

A cyclic iterative method for solving a class of variational inequalities in Hilbert spaces

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new iterative method for solving a variational inequality over the set of common fixed points of a finite family of sequences of nearly non-expansive mappings in a real Hilbert space. And, using this result, we give some applications to the problem of finding a common fixed point of non-expansive mappings or non-expansive semigroups and the problem of finding a common null point of monotone operators.     

Approximation Methods for a Common Fixed Point of a Finite Family of Nonexpansive Mappings

Let K be a nonempty closed and convex subset of a real Banach space E. Let T: K → E be a continuous pseudocontractive mapping and f:K → E a contraction, both satisfying weakly inward condition. Then for t ? (0, 1), there exists a sequence {y _t } ? K satisfying the following condition: y _t  = (1 ? t)f(y _t ) + tT(y _t ). Suppose further that {y _t } is bounded or F(T) ≠  and E is a reflexive Banach space having weakly continuous duality mapping J _? for some gauge ?. Then it is proved that {y _t } converges strongly to a fixed point of T, which is also a solution of certain variational inequality. Moreover, an explicit iteration process that converges strongly to a common fixed point of a finite family of nonexpansive mappings and hence to a solution of a certain variational inequality is constructed.     

Fixed points of non-expansive mappings associated with invariant means in a Banach space

In this paper, we study the fixed point set of the non-expansive mapping _Tμ$T_{\mu }$ for a Banach space with uniformly Gâteaux differentiable norm when μ$\mu$ is a multiplicative left invariant mean on l^∞(S)$l^{\infty }\left(S\right)$. As an application, we establish nonlinear ergodic properties for an extremely amenable semigroup of non-expansive mappings in a Banach space with uniformly Gâteaux differentiable norm. Furthermore, we improve a recent result of Atsushiba and Takahashi [S. Atsushiba, W. Takahashi, Weak and strong convergence theorems for non-expansive semigroups in a Banach spaces satisfying Opial’s condition, Sci. Math. Jpn. (in press)] on the fixed point set of non-expansive mappings associated with a left invariant mean on a left amenable semigroup.     

Contractive type non-self mappings on metric spaces of hyperbolic type

Let (X,d) be a metric space of hyperbolic type and K a nonempty closed subset of X. In this paper we study a class of mappings from K into X (not necessarily self-mappings on K), which are defined by the contractive condition (2.1) below, and a class of pairs of mappings from K into X which satisfy the condition (2.28) below. We present fixed point and common fixed point theorems which are generalizations of the corresponding fixed point theorems of ?iri? [L.B. ?iri?, Quasi-contraction non-self mappings on Banach spaces, Bull. Acad. Serbe Sci. Arts 23 (1998) 25-31; L.B. ?iri?, J.S. Ume, M.S. Khan, H.K.T. Pathak, On some non-self mappings, Math. Nachr. 251 (2003) 28-33], Rhoades [B.E. Rhoades, A fixed point theorem for some non-self mappings, Math. Japon. 23 (1978) 457-459] and many other authors. Some examples are presented to show that our results are genuine generalizations of known results from this area.     

Approximation of common fixed points for finite families of total asymptotically nonexpansive mappings

Let E be a real Banach space, K a closed convex nonempty subset of E. Let be m total asymptotically nonexpansive mappings. An iterative sequence for approximation of common fixed points (assuming existence) of T₁,T₂,…,Tm is constructed; necessary and sufficient conditions for the convergence of the scheme to a common fixed point of the mappings are given. Furthermore, in the case that E is uniformly convex, a sufficient condition for convergence of the iteration process to a common fixed point of mappings under our setting is established.     

Chebyshev centers and fixed point theorems

Brodskii and Milman proved that there is a point in C(K)$C(K)$, the set of all Chebyshev centers of K, which is fixed by every surjective isometry from K into K whenever K   is a nonempty weakly compact convex subset having normal structure in a Banach space. Motivated by this result, Lim et al. raised the following question namely “does there exist a point in C(K)$C(K)$ which is fixed by every isometry from K into K?”. In fact, Lim et al. proved that “if K is a nonempty weakly compact convex subset of a uniformly convex Banach space, then the Chebyshev center of K is fixed by every isometry T from K into K”. In this paper, we prove that if K   is a nonempty weakly compact convex set having normal structure in a strictly convex Banach space and F$\mathfrak{F}$ is a commuting family of isometry mappings on K   then there exists a point in C(K)$C(K)$ which is fixed by every mapping in F$\mathfrak{F}$.     

On some algorithms in Banach spaces finding fixed points of nonlinear mappings

By using a modification of the hybrid method in mathematical programming, we give some new algorithm to find out a fixed point of mappings which are in some sense non-expansive. Our results hold in reflexive, strictly convex, smooth Banach spaces with the Kadec?-Klee property.     

Semigroups generated by pseudo-contractive mappings under the Nagumo condition

Let X be a Banach space whose dual space X^∗ is uniformly convex. We demonstrate that, for any demicontinuous, weakly Nagumo, k-pseudo-contractive mapping T:D(T)⊆X→X with closed domain, A=T−I weakly generates a semigroup on D(T). In this paper, we project the consequences of this result on fixed point theory. In particular, we show that if k<1 (id est, if T is strongly pseudo-contractive), then T has a unique fixed point. This implies that, if T is pseudo-contractive (k=1) and D(T) is closed, bounded, and convex, then T has at least one fixed point. Consequently, any demicontinuous pseudo-contractive mapping T:C→C (for an appropriate C) has a fixed point, which has been an important open question in fixed point theory for quite some time. In a subsequent paper, we explore the consequences of the semigroup result on the existence of solutions to certain partial differential equations. The semigroup result directly implies the existence of unique global solutions to time evolution equations of the form u^′=Au where A is a combination of derivatives. The fixed point results from this paper imply the existence of solutions to partial differential equations of the form Lu=f.     

Viscosity Approximation Methods for Multivalued Mappings in Banach Spaces

Let K be a nonempty closed and convex subset of a real reflexive Banach space X that has weakly sequentially continuous duality mapping J. Let T: K → K be a multivalued non-expansive non-self-mapping satisfying the weakly inwardness condition as well as the condition T(y) = {y} for any y ∈ F(T) and such that for a contraction f: K → K and any t ∈ (0, 1), there exists x _t  ∈ K satisfying x _t  ∈ tf(x _t ) + (1 ? t)Tx _t . Then it is proved that {x _t } ? K converges strongly to a fixed point of T, which is also a solution of certain variational inequality. Moreover, the convergence of two explicit methods are also investigated.     

Extension operators via semigroups

The Roper-Suffridge extension operator and its modifications are powerful tools to construct biholomorphic mappings with special geometric properties. The first purpose of this paper is to analyze common properties of different extension operators and to define an extension operator for biholomorphic mappings on the open unit ball of an arbitrary complex Banach space. The second purpose is to study extension operators for starlike, spirallike and convex in one direction mappings. In particular, we show that the extension of each spirallike mapping is A-spirallike for a variety of linear operators A. Our approach is based on a connection of special classes of biholomorphic mappings defined on the open unit ball of a complex Banach space with semigroups acting on this ball.     

Existence and convergence theorems for generalized hybrid mappings in uniformly convex metric spaces

In this paper, we show a relationship between strictly convexity of type (I) and (II) defined by Takahashi and Talman, and we prove that any uniformly convex metric space is strictly convex of type (II). Continuity of the convex structure is also shown on a compact domain. Then, we prove the existence of a minimum point of a convex, lower semicontinuous and d-coercive function defined on a nonempty closed convex subset of a complete uniformly convex metric space. By using this property, we prove fixed point theorems for (α, β)-generalized hybrid mappings in uniformly convex metric spaces. Using this result, we also obtain a common fixed point theorem for a countable commutative family of (α, β)-generalized hybrid mappings in uniformly convex metric spaces. Finally, we establish strong convergence of a Mann type iteration to a fixed point of (α, β)-generalized hybrid mapping in a uniformly convex metric space without assuming continuity of convex structure. Our results can be applied to obtain the existence and convergence theorems for (α, β)-generalized hybrid mappings in Hilbert spaces, uniformly convex Banach spaces and CAT(0) spaces.     

A fixed point result in strictly convex Banach spaces

We define an alternate convexically nonexpansive map T on a bounded, closed, convex subset C of a Banach space X and prove that if X is a strictly convex Banach space and C is a nonempty weakly compact convex subset of X, then every alternate convexically nonexpansive map T : C → C has a fixed point. As its application, we give an existence result for the solution of an integral equation.     

Topological characterisation of weakly compact operators

Let X be a Banach space. Then there is a locally convex topology for X, the “Right topology,” such that a linear map T, from X into a Banach space Y, is weakly compact, precisely when T is a continuous map from X, equipped with the “Right” topology, into Y equipped with the norm topology. When T is only sequentially continuous with respect to the Right topology, it is said to be pseudo weakly compact. This notion is related to Pelczynski's Property (V).     

Strong convergence of iterative methods by strictly pseudocontractive mappings in Banach spaces

In this paper we deal with fixed point computational problems by strongly convergent methods involving strictly pseudocontractive mappings in smooth Banach spaces. First, we prove that the S-iteration process recently introduced by Sahu in [14] converges strongly to a unique fixed point of a mapping T, where T is κ-strongly pseudocontractive mapping from a nonempty, closed and convex subset C of a smooth Banach space into itself. It is also shown that the hybrid steepest descent method converges strongly to a unique solution of a variational inequality problem with respect to a finite family of λ_i-strictly pseudocontractive mappings from C into itself. Our results extend and improve some very recent theorems in fixed point theory and variational inequality problems. Particularly, the results presented here extend some theorems of Reich (1980) [1] and Yamada (2001) [15] to a general class of λ-strictly pseudocontractive mappings in uniformly smooth Banach spaces.