模拟核弹头核查中能谱遮盖技术的概念研究

建立了一套基于局域网的核弹头核查系统.系统的硬件组成为:一台网络服务器、两台个人计算机和一台便携式高纯锗γ谱仪.系统的软件(能谱遮盖软件)包括核查方软件、被核查方软件两个模块,它们都采用交互式人机对话,通过局域网进行通讯.核查中,探测器所采集的高分辨γ射线能谱需要经过被核查方软件的防泄密处理后,才能以遮盖能谱或文字显示方式发送给核查方终端.能谱遮盖的原则是,对核查方要求核查的能段,核查方软件必须提供真实、客观的显示;而对其他能段,可根据被核查方对“敏感信息”的认识,作适当的遮盖处理.文字显示方式则是直截了当地回答核查对象是“铀弹”、“钚弹”或“非核弹”.利用能谱遮盖软件对模拟核弹头进行了类型识别和能谱遮盖实验.实验结果表明,所建立的基于局域网的核弹头核查系统具有识别模拟核弹头类型和在核查中保护敏感信息泄漏的功能,特别值得指出的是,核查结果文字显示方式具有较好的防泄密功能,有助于提高核查可信度.实验同时也暴露了该系统的一些不足点,如系统组件过多,集成度不够;被核查方软件的人机交互对话和核查结果的能谱遮盖显示方式可能降低核查的可信度等等关键词：核弹头核查γ射线能谱能谱遮盖     

一种近似计算金属多层膜界面过渡层厚度的方法

在用小角射线衍射研究离子束溅射法制备的多层膜基本结构时,提出了一个可以计算界面过渡层厚度公式。由实验曲线和文中提出公式得到过渡层厚度,并与用实验曲线和理论曲线进行拟合所得值进行了对比,结果表明这两种方法得到的过渡层厚度基本一致。     

采用多相场法研究三维层片共晶生长的厚度效应

采用Kim,Kim,Suzuki和Ode提出的KKSO多相场模型,研究了固定层片间距不同层片厚度条件下三维过共晶层片生长形态的演化行为.研究表明,层片厚度对层片生长过程有较大影响.当层片厚度较小时,厚度效应较弱,类似于二维生长.随着层片厚度的增加,厚度效应逐渐增强并开始产生厚度方向的振荡失稳,造成层片取向的偏转.层片厚度的进一步增加,使层片宽度方向和层片厚度方向的振荡交替出现.当层片厚度大于层片宽度时,厚度效应逐渐强于宽度效应,最终宽度方向的振荡被抑制,仅在厚度方向形成类似于二维的1λ振荡.关键词：数值模拟多相场三维层片生长层片厚度     

爆炸焊界面附近熔化层厚度估算

爆炸焊接界面附近温升是由爆炸绝热压缩和畸形变形能沉积两者造成的。通过计算绝热压缩温升和畸形变形能沉积产生的温升,给出熔化判据,估计出了爆炸焊接界面熔化层的厚度。     

GaP：NLEDp型层厚度的优化

实测数据表明：ＧａＰ：Ｎ发光二极管ｐ型层厚度ｄ为１２－１７μｍ时,管芯光强最高。ｄ增大,一方面可使表面复合的影响减小,提高内量子效率;另一方面又会使内吸收增大,降低抽取效率。     

荧光粉层厚度对激光照明的影响

针对荧光粉层厚度对激光照明的影响展开研究,采用自行设计的反射式照明模块进行测试,利用独创的荧光粉层厚度确定方案精确地确定厚度。通过实验分析得出：随着荧光粉层厚度的增加,光通量逐渐增大,在荧光粉层厚度达到600μm之后呈现下降趋势;在荧光粉层厚度达到600μm之前,蓝光含量呈下降趋势,600μm后略有上升,但整体趋于稳定;色温与蓝光含量变化趋势相同,存在正比关系。同时,本文还验证了光分布密度对激光照明有很大影响。

     

纸质胶带胶层厚度在线测量

在纸质胶带生产过程中 ,胶层厚度及均匀性是很重要的技术指标 ,因此需要对胶层厚度进行在线测量。介绍了一种红外纸质胶带胶层厚度测量仪。它是依据胶质对一定波长的红外光具有特征吸收的原理 ,采用了能量比参考平衡技术 ,使仪器性能稳定、可靠     

基于钚特征γ谱的核弹头模板技术可行性研究

基于核弹头钚特征γ谱的模板测量技术是深度核裁军核查的重要技术手段之一。 以Monte Carlo数值模拟为手段, 计算假想核弹头γ射线的输运过程, 分析在可能的核查场景中, 通过构建基于特征γ谱子能区计数的相对测量的比对匹配算法, 分析并建立了由成分匹配和结构匹配组成的核弹头模板测量技术, 该方法较好地消除了绝对测量距离误差和时间误差的影响。The nuclear warhead detecting technology based on a template with γ spectrum of Plutonium is an important verification means in the deep irreversible nuclear disarmament. In order to obtain the γ ray spectra, γ ray transportation processing for the hypothesis nuclear warhead model has been simulated. In a possible nuclear disarmament verification case, the template matching algorithm based on the relative counts of the explored γ spectrum of Plutonium in sub energy region is built up, and the template technology of nuclear warhead composed of element matching and structure matching is established. This method could eliminate the effect of the error caused by the detecting distance and time.     

ICF靶丸中液氢层厚度的确定

利用靶丸内部的质量守恒,提出了计算惯性约束聚变靶丸内液氢层厚度的函数关系式,从而得到了求解惯性约束聚变靶丸内液氢层厚度的一般模型,并在此基础上对影响液氢层厚度的各类因素如温度、充气密度等进行了讨论。该模型的分析方法同样适用于惯性约束聚变中的燃料气体氘、氚或者氘氚混合物。     

ICF靶丸中液氢层厚度的确定

 利用靶丸内部的质量守恒,提出了计算惯性约束聚变靶丸内液氢层厚度的函数关系式,从而得到了求解惯性约束聚变靶丸内液氢层厚度的一般模型,并在此基础上对影响液氢层厚度的各类因素如温度、充气密度等进行了讨论。该模型的分析方法同样适用于惯性约束聚变中的燃料气体氘、氚或者氘氚混合物。     

GAMMA-RAY LIGHT CURVE AND PHASE-RESOLVED SPECTRA FROM GEMINGA PULSAR

We calculate the light curve and phase-resolved spectra of Geminga in a three-dimensional pulsar magnetosphere model. The light curve of gamma-rays is consistent with that observed if the magnetic inclination and viewing angle are ～50° and ～86° respectively. We also model the phase-resolved spectra of the Geminga pulsar.     

Fourier transformation methods in the field of gamma spectrometry

The basic principles of a new version of Fourier transformation is presented. This new version was applied to solve some main problems such as smoothing, and denoising in gamma spectroscopy. The mathematical procedures were first tested by simulated data and then by actual experimental data.     

High-spin states in 190Pt

The level structure of 190Pt has been studied experimentally using the 176Yb (18O, 4n) reaction at beam energies of 88 and 95 MeV. γ-γ-t coincidence measurements were carried out. Based onthe analysis of γ-γ coincidence relationships, the level scheme of 190Pt is extended to high-spin states. A new structure built on the 3413.6 keV 14+ state has been observed, and the vi1-213/2 vh-19/2 vj (j = p3/2 or f5/2) configuration is tentatively assigned to it.     

Changes in the thermoelectric response of vitreous carbon due to the irradiation by γ-rays

In order to study variations in the thermoelectric properties, some commercial glassy carbon samples were subjected to a sequence of steps consisting of a combination of irradiation with γ-rays produced by radioisotopes ⁶⁰Co, and hydrogen adsorption when the samples were put in an over pressured atmosphere of this gas. With this procedure it was possible to observe that the irradiation decreases the electrical conductivity of glassy carbon samples and the hydrogenation changes the sign of Seebeck coefficient. The material initially is an n-type semiconductor, but with hydrogenation changes to p-type semiconductor. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the hydrogenated vitreous carbon is more amorphous than the pristine material and the γ-rays irradiation produces changes in the crystallite size and shape.     

A study on the decay of ^72As

The excited states of the ⁷²Ge nucleus were investigated in radioactive decay of ⁷²As. Three new transitions with 1996.58, 2125.59 and 2255.49keV have been found for the first time. One γ-ray with 912.09keV has been placed in the decay scheme for the first time, and the placement of 1938.88, 2116.79, 2785.59, 2833.03, 2950.69 and 3338.00keV γ-rays are confirmed again in the present work. One new level at 2027.72keV excitation energy is proposed. The level scheme was established and for a number of levels spin-parity assignments are suggested on the basis of logft values and γ-branching ratios.     

核军控核查符合测量系统中去除γ射线新方法

为消除γ射线的影响,在阐述核军控核查技术中的符合测量方法原理的基础上,分析了γ射线对于符合测量系统性能的影响机理,提出了一种新的去除γ射线峰的方法——拒绝窗口法.通过实验验证,利用该方法可以显著降低γ射线峰对符合测量系统性能的影响,且对子射线的去除率达到了99％,大大改善了核武器识别系统的测量效果.     

核材料γ能谱指纹模糊识别机理研究

以γ射线的能量与强度所构成的二维平面为论域,提出了关于γ射线能谱的二维模糊集合的概念,建立了γ射线能谱二维模糊集合隶属函数.提出和介绍了γ射线能谱指纹模糊识别的基本原理与方法.通过对γ能谱数据的归一化处理,实现了γ射线能谱指纹的类型识别和个体识别.通过引入识别增强因子,获得了较高的识别置信度.对模拟放射性物质的γ射线能谱指纹进行了识别研究,探讨了系统统计涨落以及探测距离变化对识别隶属度的影响.研究表明,γ射线能谱指纹模糊识别方法具有较强的类型识别能力和个体识别能力,可应用于核安全保障等领域.关键词：γ能谱指纹模糊识别核材料