On the efficiency of two-coordinate palladium(0) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes in amination and Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of aryl chlorides

The catalytic activity of novel two-coordinate palladium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes that differ in their steric and electronic properties is compared in catalytic amination and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings.     

Sodium bromide catalysed one-pot synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans via a three-component cyclocondensation under microwave irradiation and solvent free conditions

Sodium bromide catalysed three-component cyclocondensation of aryl aldehydes, alkyl nitriles and dimedone proceeds under microwave irradiation in solvent free conditions to give highly functionalised tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans in excellent yields.     

Diels-Alder reaction of optically active (E)-γ-keto-α,β-unsaturated p-tolylsulfoxides with cyclopentadiene

The Diels-Alder reaction of enantiomerically pure (E)-γ-keto-α,β-unsaturated p-tolylsulphoxides 3 with cyclopentadiene give four easily separable diastereomers. The effect of several Lewis acids on the reaction was studied, finding a high endo selectivity with respect to the carbonyl group and moderate π-diastereoselectivity using BF₃·Et₂O as catalyst. The reactivity of compounds 3 as well as their endo selectivity are both higher than those observed for the corresponding (E)-3-sulfinylacrylates.     

The effect of hydrogen ion production on the steady-state multiplicity of substrate-inhibited enzymatic reactions

The phenomenon of multiplicity is investigated for an isothermal continu ous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) in which an enzyme reaction producing hydrogen ions is taking place. The activity of the enzyme considered is sensitive to the hydrogen ion concentration and is inhibited by excess substrate. The enzyme is bound and the washout phenomenon is negligible. The investigation has uncovered a new type of hysteresis, consisting of a closed curve on the multiplicity diagram, and is disconnected from the rest of the multiplicity curve. This phenomenon has also been observed and analyzed by Uppal et al. (1) in their investigation of the non-isothermal, non-adiabatic (CSTR), and they have termed those closed curves “Isolas.” In the present paper we have elucidated the physical reason for the occurrence of those “Isolas” for the enzymatic reaction under consideration. We have also investigated the effect of different parameters on the appearance, disappearance, and size of the “Isolas.”     

吲唑酮化合物合成研究进展

吲唑酮作为氮杂环分子当中的重要一员,其分子骨架不仅是有机合成当中的重要中间体,还是许多天然产物和药物分子的核心结构。因此,该类化合物的高效合成一直是合成化学家们的研究热点。本文综述了近二十年来利用过渡金属、高价碘、酸、碱、光、过氧化物以及付-克环化等方法合成吲唑酮骨架的研究进展并展望了吲唑酮化合物合成的研究方向和应用前景