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1.
New modified surfactants were developed by esterification of ethoxylated polytriethanolamine with oleic acid. Triethanolamine was polymerized at three different times 1.30, 2.30, and 3.30 hours to give (P4, P6, and P8) where 4, 6, and 8 refer to the degree of polymerization. The prepared polymer (P8) was ethoxylated at three different molar ratios of ethylene oxide (40, 100, and 120) and named E(en)P8. Then the ethoxylated polymers were esterified with oleic acid and abbreviated as E(en)P8Om. The surface properties for these surfactants were determined by measuring the surface tension. The structure was confirmed using the elemental analysis, (FTIR, 1H, 13C NMR) spectroscopic.  相似文献   

2.
Surfactants find applications in different operations of petroleum production. They have become important in drilling, cement slurries, fracturing, acidization, demulsification, corrosion inhibition, transportation, cleaning, waterflooding, chemical, foam and steam flooding and- environment protection. They are essential to the improvement of production economics and total recovery of petroleum. This review describes those points of applications, logic behind their use and more common formulations.  相似文献   

3.
In this work, we synthesized amino thiol surfactants, namely, 10-(4-aminophenoxy)-decane-1-thiol and 12-(4-aminophenoxy)-dodecane-1-thiol. The self-assembling of the synthesized surfactants on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was investigated using different techniques such as ultraviolet analysis, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. The synthesized surfactants show the ability to assemble on gold nanoparticles and form stable nanostructure with it. We used the synthesized surfactants and their nanostructures with gold nanoparticles for the detection of Zn and Ni ions in aqueous solution using the ultraviolet spectrophotometer technique. The synthesized amino thiol surfactants showed the ability to detect Zn and Ni ions at low concentration. The results showed that gold nanoparticles can enhance the detection of Zn and Ni ions using the nanostructures of the synthesized surfactants.  相似文献   

4.
The separation of particulate material from a dispersion of particles in an oil can be effected by transport of the particles through the bounding oil interface in a process mediated by surfactant. When the oil phase containing particles is contacted with an aqueous phase, the transport process through the interface is resisted by a capillary force which depends on the interfacial tension and on the contact angle for the three-phase system. It is shown how the addition of a judiciously-chosen nonionic surfactant to a model system of carbon particles in n-alkanes can bring about near-complete transfer of the particles to the aqueous phase. The underlying mechanisms for the transport process are discussed. Some implications for systems of practical importance are discussed.  相似文献   

5.
Five novel surfactants were prepared by modifying the three hydroxy groups of sodium cholate with triethylene glycol chains endcapped with an amide ( SC‐C1 , SC‐ n C4 , and SC‐ n C5 ) or a carbamoyl group ( SC‐O n C4 and SC‐O t C4 ). The phase behavior of aqueous mixtures of these surfactants with 1,2‐dimyristoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) was systematically studied by 31P NMR spectroscopy. The surfactants endcapped with carbamate groups ( SC‐O n C4 and SC‐O t C4 ) formed magnetically alignable bicelles over unprecedentedly wide ranges of conditions, in terms of temperature (from 21–23 to >90 °C), lipid/surfactant ratio (from 5 to 8), total lipid content (5–20 wt %), and lipid type [DMPC, 1,2‐dilauroyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphatidylcholine (DLPC), or 1‐palmitoyl‐2‐oleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphatidylcholine (POPC)]. In conjunction with appropriate phospholipids, the carbamate‐endcapped surfactants afforded unique bicelles, characterized by exceptional thermal stabilities (from 0 to >90 °C), biomimetic lipid compositions (DMPC/POPC=25:75 to 50:50), and extremely large 2H quadrupole splittings (up to 71 Hz).  相似文献   

6.
高分子表面活性剂的合成   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8  
金勇  董阳  魏德卿 《化学进展》2005,17(1):0-156
介绍了高分子表面活性剂的合成方法及其不同于低分子表面活性剂的特点,重点从离子聚合、活性自由基聚合、缩合聚合、开环聚合、高分子化学反应、自由基胶束聚合等角度综述了近几-来高分子表面活性剂的合成研究进展.  相似文献   

7.
Straight chain fatty alcohols having the following number of carbon atoms–C12, C14, C18, and C21–each alcohol were ethoxylated to the same of ethylene oxide content, characterized through average molecular weight and elemental analysis. The surface properties of these compounds were studied through surface tension measurements. The synthesized additives were tested as flow improvers for improving the cold flow properties of two waxy gas oils through pour point test. The results show the right efficiency of these compounds in improving the flowability. Comparative evaluation of the synthesized products with available commercial additive (com) showed their efficiency and suitability to use in gas oils. Wax modification was assisted through photoanalysis. Correlation between wax modification and flow improvement in term of pour point depression appeared to be merely qualitative in such heterogeneous gas oil systems.  相似文献   

8.
Pure oleic acid and four hydrolyzed products of locally fatty oils (namely, coconut, soybean, linseed, and castor oils) were monoesterified individually with two different polyalkylene polyamines. The produced monoesters were used as precursors for imidazoline derivatives. These oil soluble imidazolines were ethoxylated by ethylene oxide gas with different ethylene oxide contents (5, 10, and 20) to prepare water soluble stable imidazoline ethoxylates. The chemical structure of the synthesized imidazoline ethoxylates were justified through spectroscopy and surface active properties of the compounds were investigated. The obtained data were discussed on the basis of variation chemical structure.  相似文献   

9.
双子表面活性剂的粘度行为   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
对阳离子双子表面活性剂在溶液中的粘度行为进行了研究.发现联结基长度与双子表面活性剂在稀溶液中能否表现出粘度行为有很大关系,联结基数s = 2、3、4的双子表面活性剂稀溶液表现出显著的增粘性,但 s =4的某些双子表面活性剂的粘度具有时间依赖性,而s = 6的双子表面活性剂则没有明显的粘度行为.双子表面活性剂烷基链越长,其增粘能力也越强.联结基数s = 2或3的部分双子表面活性剂,其粘度随温度的变化有一最大值.双子表面活性剂与有机酸盐的复合物也表现出很强的增粘行为.  相似文献   

10.
表面活性剂的QSAR/QSPR研究进展*   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
本文综述了表面活性剂定量结构-活性/性质相关(QSAR/QSPR)研究的最新进展,以及相关结构描述符在表面活性剂QSAR/QSPR研究中的应用.重点介绍了表面活性剂的cmc和表面张力γ与分子结构的定量关系、离子型表面活性剂电荷分布的定量计算及其对胶体结构与性质的影响.对表面活性剂分子结构与活性/性质的定量相关研究的发展趋势进行了展望.  相似文献   

11.
12.
A new simple, selective and sensitive fluorescence quenching method was developed to determine cationic surfactants with the 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid (ACA). The fluorescence intensity of ACA was decreased by addition of trace amounts of cationic surfactants. Under optimum conditions, the ratio of fluorescence intensity in the absence and presence of cationic surfactants was proportional to the concentration of cationic surfactants over the range of 0.3–4.5 × 10−5 mol L−1 for cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and 0.4–6.0 × 10−5 mol L−1 for cetyl trimethyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB). The detection limits are 1.0 × 10−6 mol L−1 for CPC and 1.2 × 10−6 mol L−1 for CTAB, respectively. Based on this approach, this paper presents a new quantitative method for cationic surfactants assay.  相似文献   

13.
杨连枝  游毅 《合成化学》2005,13(5):494-495,503
利用α-溴代月桂酸甲酯与二酚通过Williamson醚化得到二酯,再经皂化得羧酸盐二聚表面活性剂,其结构经1^H NMR,IR和元素分析确认。  相似文献   

14.
Although the petrochemical polymers have revolutionized the technological development, the intensive use of these materials have contributed to the global pollution. In this context, researches involving ecofriendliness materials are growing up, as well as, a current interest in developing materials from inexpensive and renewable resources, such as vegetable oils. In this work, is described the synthesis of polymeric materials by thermal polymerization from linseed oil (Linum usitatissimum L.) and passion fruit oil (Passiflora edulis) and their characterization by gas chromatographic (GC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, solubility in organic solvents, thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Raman spectroscopy. The TG curve shows that those polymeric materials present two stages of decomposition. DSC plots of the vegetable oils showed some endothermic and exothermic transitions which are not present in the DSC curves corresponding to oil-based polymers. The Raman spectra of the polymers indicate declining of absorbance in the region of CC stretching (∼1600 cm−1). This absorption was used to estimate the degree of polymerization (79% and 67.5% for linseed and passion fruit oils, respectively).  相似文献   

15.
聚乙烯醇系高分子表面活性剂   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
聚乙烯醇(PVA)系高分子表面活性剂,可用作乙烯基单体乳液均聚或共聚的乳化剂和氯乙烯(VC)悬浮聚合的分散稳定剂。本文主要介绍它的分类、性能、应用和乳化分散作用机理。  相似文献   

16.
阴离子表面活性剂在有机合成中的催化作用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
方小牛 《化学研究》1999,10(2):29-34
从亲电取代、亲核取代、亲核加成、酯水解、氧化、还原、聚合等八个方面概述了阴离子表面活性剂在有机合成中的催化作用及其催化机理  相似文献   

17.
Petroleum sulfonates was separated into several fractions with conventional extraction method according to the polarity of extraction solvent. The relative content of mono-, di-, or polysulfonates in each fraction was determined by using high pressure liquid chromatography and then the average sulfonic amount of each fraction can be calculated according to above results. The equivalent weight of each fraction was measured by both two-phase titration method and ESI-MS method, and the results shows the tow methods are comparatively coincident. Furthermore, the mean molecular weight of each fraction can be calculated with the average sulfonic amount and the equivalent weight. Adsorption isotherm and coreflooding adsorption test were both conducted to determine the adsorption amount and adsorption rate of each fraction. It was found that the fraction with the minimum equivalent weight is middle mean molecular weight and its adsorption amount on reservoir sand is maximal. Moreover, two fractions have a tendency to come to saturated adsorption in coreflooding adsorption test, but the time needed for saturated adsorption is distinctly different. However, the total adsorption amount of the other fractions keeps increasing at all time. The mechanisms accounting for the difference of adsorption performance were proposed on the basis of the diverse composition of the fraction.  相似文献   

18.
A new delivery microdevice, based on hydrophobic oleic acid-capped mesoporous silica particles and able to payload release in the presence of surfactants, has been developed. The oleic acid functionalization confers to the system a high hydrophobic character, which avoids cargo release unless surfactant molecules are present. The performance of this oleic-acid capped microdevice in the presence of different surfactants is presented and its zero-release operation in the absence of surfactants is demonstrated.  相似文献   

19.
重油的开发和利用日趋重要。只有对重油的结构和组成有充分的了解,才能合理地利用这部分有限的资源。核磁共振谱图能够直接反映出碳、氢及杂原子所处的化学环境,且分析简便、快捷,从而成为沥青、渣油等重油的结构组成分析的有力工具。本文概述了近年来核磁共振技术在重油结构和组成分析方面所做的主要研究。  相似文献   

20.
汽车空调器压缩机用冷冻机油的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用三氟化硼乙醚 (BF3·Et2 O)催化体系合成较高粘度的环氧丙烷均聚醚 ,观察了不同反应参数对聚醚粘度的影响。同时考察了不同催化剂对聚醚酯性能的影响。结果表明 ,用固体钨硅酸合成的聚醚酯较对甲苯磺酸的性能好  相似文献   

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