圆环电流的磁场以及两共轴圆环电流之间的相互作用力

直接由毕奥－萨伐尔定律计算圆环电流在空间任一点产生的磁场，并由此求出两共轴圆环电流之间的相互作用力。     

同向平行电流间互相吸引实验的探析

螺线管相邻各匝由于流过相同方向的平行电流而相互吸引,其周期性的收缩、伸长跳动可以演绎同向平行电流间互相吸引实验。利用毕奥萨伐尔定律,计算出两共轴平行圆环电流的互感,通过求其微分,得出其相互作用力的解析表达式,并通过数值计算得到作用力的大小,再求出实验对电流的需求值,得到降低电流并增大磁感应强度这一改进实验的有效方式,使实验效果更佳。     

两共轴带电圆环的相互作用能和作用力

计算了两共轴均匀带电圆环的相互作用能,并求出它们之间的相互作用力,绘制出电场力的空间分布图,进而讨论了作用力和两圆环半径和中心距离等参量的关系.     

两共轴圆环的电磁相互作用力

本文给出了两共轴圆电流环的电磁相互作用力的解析表达式，并简要讨论了相互作用力随距离变化情况及其极值点的意义。     

螺线管和自旋磁性之间的一个差别

讨论一个通有电流的圆环与磁单极的相互作用和自旋磁性与磁单极的相互作用．计算表明两种能量是不一致的．     

两共轴带电圆环相互作用力的计算

推导出了两共轴带电细圆环相互作用力的级数解,对其收敛性、误差进行了定量分析,并根据级数解用MATLAB编程计算绘制了相互作用力F_z的分布曲线.     

共轴载流正三角形线圈间的相互作用

从计算回路的磁通量出发,应用虚位移原理,通过Mathematica数学软件,数值计算得到了共轴正三角形载流线圈间的相互作用力和力矩与线圈距离以及交错角度的关系曲线.     

任意两共轴圆线圈间的互感系数及磁感线的分布

从一个圆电流的矢势出发,导出了任意两共轴圆线圈间互感系数的函数表达式,根据其函数表达式,由数学软件MatLab绘出了互感系数随两线圈间距离及两线圈半径变化的分布图.然后再从一个圆电流的矢势出发,导出了任意两共轴圆电流线圈磁感线所满足的方程,按照磁感线方程也绘出了其磁感线在空间的分布图.     

一种超导重力仪磁悬浮力的等效计算

为实现超导重力仪磁悬浮力的精确计算,以GWR型超导重力仪为模型基础,采用有限元的思想,将超导球表面电流理想化为多个等高共轴电流环,计算出各个电流环与超导线圈的作用力,求和得到线圈与超导球间的磁悬浮力。利用MATLAB完成计算程序实现,通过改变下线圈电流和上、下线圈电流比,获得满足一定条件的磁悬浮力及其梯度。选取合适的模型参数,计算出线圈对质量为m=4.069 g超导球的磁悬浮力大小为:Ftotal=3.988×10^-2N,磁悬浮力梯度为:-9.699×10^-3N/m,此时悬浮力梯度合适,满足系统稳定性和灵敏度的要求。     

共轴均匀带电圆环间相互作用力的迭代计算

利用带电圆环电场的轴对称性,联合运用静电场的高斯定理和安培环路定理,以轴线上的场强值为初值,巧妙地导出了均匀带电圆环空间电场的无穷级数表达式,进而计算出了共轴均匀带电圆环之间的相互作用力.     

Interactions between vortex and magnetic rings at high kinetic and magnetic Reynolds numbers

Interactions between magnetic and vortex rings are studied over a wide interval of interaction parameter values ranging from negligible magnetic effects on vorticity structure, to very strong effects. The employed interaction parameter measures the strength of the Lorentz force in units of the inertial force. At small interaction parameters, the vortex ring shapes part of the magnetic ring into a dissipative, curved, magnetic sheet structure. At high interaction parameters, the Lorentz force acts as an agent of proliferation of vortex rings, since it generates two vortex rings adjacent to the original magnetic structure, one of which is pulled (together with the advected magnetic field) into the wake of the original vortex ring, while the other escapes, ready to interact with another magnetic ring. Once within the initial vortex ring wake, both magnetic and vorticity structures are stretched into spirals, whilst the Lorentz force continuously generates new, intense vorticity at high magnetic field sites.     

Computer simulation of the interaction between two superconducting rings with constant magnetic fluxes

The energy and interaction force of two superconducting rings with constant magnetic fluxes have been calculated by the finite-element method. It is shown that the ring-interaction energy is minimum in the case of unequal codirectional magnetic fluxes.     

Electrostatic force between rings and discs of charge inside a grounded metallic pipe using the Green’s function technique

We derive analytic formulae for the electrostatic force between ring and disc charge distributions inside a grounded metallic pipe using the Green’s function technique. These distribution models are useful in the modeling of electron beams commonly employed in microwave tubes. We analyze the electric force between two discs, between two rings, and between a disc and a ring and we compare the results for the electric potential, field, and force to numerical ones obtained from a 3D electrostatic solver. Present expressions were developed to avoid an oscillatory noise when the field diverges by axial proximity between source and observer.     

往复式空压机填料密封环径向弹簧贴紧力研究

讨论了填料密封环弹簧径向贴紧力的计算方法。根据计算结果,选择了合适的弹簧。通过对密封压力结果的分析,讨论了弹簧产生的贴紧力与总贴紧力之间的关系。结果表明,低压时的弹簧贴紧力不能忽略不计。     

Multisubband transport and magnetic deflection of Fermi electron trajectories in three terminal junctions and rings

We study the electron transport in three terminal junctions and quantum rings looking for the classical deflection of electron trajectories in the presence of intersubband scattering. We indicate that although the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations and the Lorentz force effects co-exist in the low subband transport, for higher Fermi energies a simultaneous observation of both effects is difficult and calls for carefully formed structures. In particular, in quantum rings with channels wider than the input lead the Lorentz force is well resolved but the Aharonov-Bohm periodicity is lost in chaotic scattering events. In quantum rings with equal lengths of the channels and T-shaped junctions the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations are distinctly periodic but the Lorentz force effects are not well pronounced. We find that systems with wedge-shaped junctions allow for observation of both the periodic Aharonov-Bohm oscillations and the magnetic deflection.     

NBN-doped nanographene embedded with five-and seven-membered rings on Au(111) surface

Nanographenes(NGs) can be embedded with predesigned dopants or nonhexagonal rings to tailor the electronic properties and provide ideal platforms to study the unique physical and chemical properties. Here, we report the onsurface synthesis of NBN-doped NG embedded with five-and seven-membered rings(NBN-575-NG) on Au(111) from a oligophenylene precursor preinstalled with a NBN unit and a heptagonal ring. Scanning tunneling microscopy and noncontact atomic force microscopy images elucidate the intramolecular cyclodehydrogenation and the existence of the fiveand seven-membered rings. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy spectra reveal that the NBN-575-NG is a semiconductor,which agrees with the density functional theory calculation results on a freestanding NBN-575-NG with the same structure.This work provides a feasible approach for the on-surface synthesis of novel NGs containing non-hexagonal rings.     

Drift mechanism caused by a nonlinear wave and the Cassini Division and Uranian rings formation

The mechanism leading to the observed coexistence of gaps and narrow ringlets in the planetary rings is found. It is based upon the quasi-stationary radial drift of the matter under action of two forces in the disk plane: the Coriolis force and the Reynolds stresses. To an accuracy of the factor of 2 the first force coincides with the Lorentz force, therefore the radial drift in rings is similar to the gradient drift of plasma in the magnetic field. The second force is produced by the wave generated by the nearby satellite in the resonance position. In inertial systems, the second force alone causes a matter flow in its direction, called acoustic streaming. Since the radial drift is caused by nonlinear time-averaged force of high-frequency harmonic interactions in the wave, it exists in the wave propagation zone: from the birth place of the wave-the resonance position, up to the reflection point of the wave, where its group velocity vanishes. Our estimations show that the size of the density wave propagation zone corresponding to the density wave which had been formerly generated the 2:1 orbital resonance with Mimas is consistent with the width of the Cassini Division. In our case the nature of the radial drift is such that first of all it clears out the farthest from the resonance position; later, the closer areas also get affected by the drift. The zone closest to the resonance position itself is the last to be involved in the process. The matter carried away by the drift is partially accumulated near the resonance position forming a narrow dense ringlet. (c) 1996 American Institute of Physics.     

碳纳米管氧化成环制备研究

采用化学气相沉积方法制备的碳纳米管，用酸溶液进行弱氧化处理，经适当温度在大气中烧 灼后碳纳米管发生弯曲，在样品中出现大量的环状结构. 利用原子力显微镜、透射电子显微 镜和扫描电子显微镜对典型环直径为300 nm的碳纳米管环进行了表征. 烧灼温度和烧灼时间 对环的结构和产率有重要的影响. 实验数据统计结果表明，烧灼温度在510—530℃区间内 可得到超过40%的碳纳米管环产率，并且烧灼时间延长到120 min有利于提高碳纳米管环的产 率. 在加热情况下，碳纳米管端结合的羧基官能团脱水成酯，导致弯曲的碳纳米管结合成环 . 关键词： 碳纳米管环 化学气相沉积