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电化学沉积制备二氧化钒反蛋白石光子晶体 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过电化学沉积方法向PS胶体晶体模板缝隙中填充五氧化二钒,焙烧去除模板后,在真空度小于10-2Pa,温度510℃下退火12 h,得到具有特定应用价值的二氧化钒反蛋白石(opal)光子晶体.用扫描电镜观察样品的微观形貌,用X射线衍射分析样品成份.实验结果表明,通过电化学沉积制备出的二氧化钒反蛋白石光子晶体,相变电阻突变数量级在2~3之间,相变温度62℃左右. 相似文献
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SiC纤维增强SiC陶瓷基复合材料(简称SiCf/SiC复合材料)具有低密度、高温稳定性、抗氧化性、高耐腐蚀性等特点,在航天及航空发动机热结构部件及核聚变反应堆炉第一壁结构等方面有巨大的潜在用途.目前受工艺条件制约,SiCf/SiC复合材料中用来增强的SiC纤维纯度不高,C/Si原子比大于1.3,而采用传统先驱体浸渍裂解工艺(简称PIP)制备的基体材料除了纯度不高外,还含有孔隙和缺陷,不能满足高温氧化环境中服役要求.本文通过化学气相沉积工艺(CVD)在SiCf/SiC复合材料表面制备出一种高纯、低缺陷、耐高温、低氧扩散系数且与基体材料具有良好匹配性的SiC抗氧化梯度涂层,通过SEM分析基体与膜层的结合情况及涂层的微观形貌,通过XRD考察涂层的梯度组份及氧化前后涂层成份变化,进而探讨梯度涂层抗氧化机理. 相似文献
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利用硅纳米孔柱阵列(Si-NPA)表面规则的图案化形貌和还原性,采用浸渍沉积技术制备了具有三种不同表面结构特征的Ag/Si-NPA复合纳米体系.在未经清洗的Si-NPA衬底,沉积银的形貌为树枝状;在新鲜衬底和自然老化衬底上,银的沉积都会形成规则的手链网络;而经过强氧化处理的衬底上则不能实现银的浸渍沉积.分析表明,Si-NPA表面的规则阵列和多孔结构等几何构型,在样品的后处理过程中将导致样品表面氧化程度随空间几何位置出现周期性梯度分布,从而对浸渍溶液中银离子在不同几何特征区域的还原、成核及生长模式产生控制作用,最终导致了银在Si-NPA表面浸渍沉积的位置选择性.本研究为采用浸渍沉积技术制备周期性、图案化的金属/硅复合纳米体系,研究其物理性能并探索其可能的器件应用奠定了基础. 相似文献
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以CH3COCH3和H2为反应气源,利用热丝化学气相沉积(HFCVD)方法,通过改变样品台的旋转频率在YG6硬质合金(WC-6wt; Co)基体上沉积金刚石涂层.利用X射线衍射分析YG6硬质合金表面沉积金刚石涂层物相,通过扫描电子显微镜和压痕试验机分析金刚石涂层的表面形貌、沉积厚度和膜基结合性能,考察了样品台旋转频率对沉积金刚石涂层结构与性能的影响,以确定最佳的样品台旋转频率.结果 表明,在固定沉积工艺参数条件下,当样品台的旋转频率为2次/h时,在YG6硬质合金基体上沉积的金刚石涂层具有较优的晶粒和更均匀致密的聚晶结构以及更高的膜-基结合力. 相似文献
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采用固相反应法合成具有焦绿石立方结构的Bi1.5ZnNb1.5O7(BZN)陶瓷靶材,采用脉冲激光沉积法在Pt/SiO2/Si(100)基片上制备立方BZN薄膜。研究了沉积氧压的变化对薄膜的结晶性能,微观形貌以及介电性能的影响。结果表明:沉积的BZN薄膜都呈现出立方焦绿石单相结构,但是薄膜的取向随氧压变化而变化。当沉积氧压为10 Pa时,薄膜的(222)晶面拥有最强的择优取向。随着氧压的升高,BZN薄膜的介电常数明显降低。在10 Pa氧压下沉积的BZN薄膜展示出介电可调特性为5%(500 kV/cm)。 相似文献
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三氧化钨(WO3)薄膜具有许多特性,是一种优良的致色材料.纳米结构WO3薄膜的着色效率高、可逆性好、响应时间短、光学调制高.综述纳米结构WO3薄膜的化学沉积法和物理沉积法.化学沉积法可制备出多孔、片状和特殊形貌纳米结构WO3薄膜.掠射角磁控溅射作为一种物理沉积方法,能够可控制备纳米柱状结构WO3薄膜.其次,介绍WO3薄膜的气致变色特性在气体传感器和智能窗等领域的应用.最后,对纳米结构WO3薄膜气致变色特性改善提出展望,并指出其目前存在的问题及未来发展趋势. 相似文献
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Birefringent structures in liquid crystalline fluids, such as colloidal assemblies or topological defects, show high potential for use as photonic elements. Here, we present a brief overview of two photonic phenomena originating from coupling light fields with complex birefringent nematic profiles: (i) the generation of vector laser beams from simple Gaussian beams by propagating light along nematic discliantions, and (ii) tunable photonic crystals from blue phase colloidal crystals conditioned by the different underlying symmetries of the particle lattice and the blue phase birefringence. The polarization profile of initially simple linearly polarized Gaussian beams is shown to change into a defect structure at distinct distances travelled along the disclination with the topological invariant (winding number) of the light field and nematic director distinctly coupled. Upon pulsed laser illumination, the nematic discliantions are also shown to split the light pulse into multiple intensity regions. Blue phase I face centred cubic colloidal crystals are shown as examples of tunable photonic crystals, where local band-baps can open by differently combining the symmetries of the two components, e.g. by changing the particle size. The spatial profiles of selected photonic bands in the blue phase colloidal crystals are shown, finding the particles and blue phase double twist cylinders as possible carriers of high-light-intensity regions. 相似文献
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缺陷态光子晶体可以用于制作良好的谐振器、偏振器、滤光器等光学器件,具有重要的应用价值。本文发展了光子晶体缺陷态问题的PG有限元界面问题计算方法,有效地处理了各种不同组元体系、几何结构、界面形状、材料属性以及模态的光子晶体缺陷态问题。数值结果表明,二组元结构单点缺陷对带隙的影响较小,只是使局部范围内的波继续传播而产生一条缺陷带,多点缺陷使一些特定范围内的波可以传播而产生多条缺陷带,线缺陷产生的影响较大,可以使整个禁带消失。结合线缺陷与点缺陷,波导结构中的侧点缺陷可以有效地应用于光子晶体阻带内诱导窄通带或在波导的通带内诱导非常窄的阻带。三组元结构引入了不均匀介质、复杂介质形状以及不同几何结构的缺陷态。通过计算与分析发现Ω3区域的介质形状对结果影响比较有限,表面层越不光滑禁带越窄,n型缺陷态在TM模中的高频区域更容易产生禁带。对于TE模来说,n型与v型的缺陷态更容易产生禁带。 相似文献
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Retaining reflection color developed from the photonic crystals has been our main interest. Persistent reflecting color from polymer photonic crystals using non-volatile solvents has been huddled by permeation of large molecular weight solvents. Some ionic liquids can permeate in between polymer photonic crystal layers. Polystyrene-b-poly-2-vinylpyridine (PS-b-P2VP) was used to obtain photonic crystals. The molecular weight of PS-b-P2VP and the hydrophobicity of the ionic liquids were altered to attain persistent color. Imidazolium and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium were used as cations of ionic liquids where the anion was bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide. The photonic crystals made with block copolymers of 84k–69k and 57k–57k molecular weights showed the persistent distinct colors by swelling with the ionic liquids. 相似文献
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M. Ravnik 《Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals》2014,594(1):2-10
Liquid crystal colloids are interesting for a variety of mechanisms—including self-assembly, optical-tweezers assisted assembly, topology, and material flow—that can be used to create various complex optical and photonic structures. Here, we present a brief overview of liquid crystal colloidal structures, as recently achieved by numerical modeling and experiments. Central to the structures are complex conformations of topological defects, as they can bind, stabilize, or distort the structure. Using topological and geometrical arguments, we show that the defects can be controllably rewired and imprinted, for example by using optical tweezers. We show that 3D colloidal crystals can be assembled from elastic dipoles of spherical beads in nematic liquid crystals or via inherently inhomogeneous order profiles in bulk and confined cholesteric blue phases. Colloidal crystals are generalized to close-packed colloidal lattices, which we show can serve as natural templates for defect networks. Finally, photonic bands are calculated for selected structures and possible defects in the structure are discussed. 相似文献
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面向新世纪的人工晶体 总被引:13,自引:8,他引:5
人工晶体是重要的电子、光子材料。本文结合信息技术的进步来考察电子材料、光电子材料和光子材料中人工晶体的发展。在新世纪(太元世纪)的全球信息科技的构架材料中人工晶体仍起着中心作用。 相似文献