Sufficient conditions for one domain to contain another in a space of constant curvature

As an application of the analogue of C-S. Chen's kinematic formula in the 3-dimensional space of constant curvature , that is, Euclidean space , -sphere , hyperbolic space (, respectively), we obtain sufficient conditions for one domain to contain another domain in either an Euclidean space , or a -sphere or a hyperbolic space .

     

On complementary subspaces of Hilbert space

Every pair of non-trivial topologically complementary subspaces of a Hilbert space is unitarily equivalent to a pair of the form on a Hilbert space . Here is possibly , is a positive injective contraction and denotes the graph of . For such a pair the following are equivalent: (i) is similar to a pair in generic position; (ii) and have a common algebraic complement; (iii) is similar to for some operators on a Hilbert space. These conditions need not be satisfied. A second example is given (the first due to T. Kato), involving only compact operators, of a double triangle subspace lattice which is not similar to any operator double triangle.

     

On uniqueness of -adic meromorphic functions

Let be a complete ultrametric algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, and let be the field of meromorphic functions in . For all set in and for all we denote by the subset of : zero of order After studying unique range sets for entire functions in in a previous article, here we consider a similar problem for meromorphic functions by showing, in particular, that, for every , there exist sets of elements in such that, if have the same poles (counting multiplicities), and satisfy , then . We show how to construct such sets.

     

The Fuglede-Putnam theorem and a generalization of Barría's lemma

Let and be bounded linear operators, and let be a partial isometry on a Hilbert space. Suppose that (1) , (2) , (3) and (4) . Then we have .

     

Bourgain's analytic projection revisited

For a positive function on the unit circle with , the following two statements are equivalent: (a) ; (b) there is an operator projecting onto for all at once and having weak type (1,1) with respect to .

     

The intersection of three spheres in a sphere and a new application of the Sato-Levine invariant

Take transverse immersions such that (1) is an embedding, (2) and is connected, and (3) . Then we obtain three surface-links = (, ) in , where =(1,2,3), (2,3,1), (3,1,2). We prove that, we have the equality where is the Sato-Levine invariant of , if all are semi-boundary links.

     

Regularization of semigroups that are strongly continuous for

Let be a Banach space and a strongly continuous semigroup with . We show that the generator of generates a regularized semigroup. Our construction of a regularizing operator uses an existence result of J. Esterle.

     

On an analogue of Selberg's eigenvalue conjecture for

Let be the homogeneous space associated to the group
. Let where and consider the first nontrivial eigenvalue of the Laplacian on . Using geometric considerations, we prove the inequality . Since the continuous spectrum is represented by the band , our bound on can be viewed as an analogue of Selberg's eigenvalue conjecture for quotients of the hyperbolic half space.

     

The maximal normal -group

Let be a prime number and let be an abelian -group. Let be the maximal normal -subgroup of and the maximal -subgroup of its centre. Let be the torsion radical of . Then . The result is new for and 3, and the proof is new and valid for all primes .

     

Character degrees and local subgroups of -separable groups

Let be a finite -solvable group for different primes and . Let and be such that . We prove that every of -degree has -degree if and only if and .

     

A unified extension of two results of Ky Fan on the sum of matrices

Let be an Hermitian matrix with where are the ordered eigenvalues of . A result of Ky Fan (1949) asserts that if and are Hermitian matrices, then is majorized by . We extend the result in the framework of real semisimple Lie algebras in the following way. Let be a noncompact real semisimple Lie algebra with Cartan decomposition . We show that for any given , , where is the unique element corresponding to , in a fixed closed positive Weyl chamber of a maximal abelian subalgebra of in . Here the ordering is induced by the dual cone of . Fan's result corresponds to the Lie algebra . The compact case is also discussed. As applications, two unexpected singular values inequalities concerning the sum of two real matrices and the sum of two real skew symmetric matrices are obtained.

     

-ideals of compact operators are separably determined

We prove that the space of compact operators on a Banach space is an -ideal in the space of bounded operators if and only if has the metric compact approximation property (MCAP), and is an -ideal in for all separable subspaces of having the MCAP. It follows that the Kalton-Werner theorem characterizing -ideals of compact operators on separable Banach spaces is also valid for non-separable spaces: for a Banach space is an -ideal in if and only if has the MCAP, contains no subspace isomorphic to and has property It also follows that is an -ideal in for all Banach spaces if and only if has the MCAP, and is an -ideal in .

     

A topology on lattice ordered groups

We show that a lattice ordered group can be topologized in a natural way. The topology depends on the choice of a set of admissible elements (-topology). If a lattice ordered group is 2-divisible and satisfies a version of Archimedes' axiom (-group), then we show that the -topology is Hausdorff. Moreover, we show that a -group with the -topology is a topological group.

     

Cycle rank of Lyapunov graphs and the genera of manifolds

We show that the cycle-rank of a Lyapunov graph on a manifold satisfies: , where is the genus of . This generalizes a theorem of Franks. We also show that given any integer with , for some Lyapunov graph on .

     

groups and quasi-equivalence

A torsion-free abelian group is if every map from a pure subgroup of into lifts to an endomorphism of The class of groups has been extensively studied, resulting in a number of nice characterizations. We obtain some characterizations for the class of homogeneous groups, those homogeneous groups such that, for pure in every has a lifting to a quasi-endomorphism of An irreducible group is if and only if every pure subgroup of each of its strongly indecomposable quasi-summands is strongly indecomposable. A group is if and only if every endomorphism of is an integral multiple of an automorphism. A group has minimal test for quasi-equivalence ( if whenever and are quasi-isomorphic pure subgroups of then and are equivalent via a quasi-automorphism of For homogeneous groups, we show that in almost all cases the and properties coincide.

     

Stieltjes moment sequences and positive definite matrix sequences

For a certain constant (a little less than ), every function satisfying , , is a Stieltjes indeterminate Stieltjes moment sequence. For every indeterminate moment sequence there is a positive definite matrix sequence which is not of positive type and which satisfies , . For a certain constant (a little greater than ), for every function satisfying , , there is a convolution semigroup of measures on , with moments of all orders, such that , , and for every such convolution semigroup the measure is Stieltjes indeterminate for all .

     

Applications of pseudo-monotone operators with some kind of upper semicontinuity in generalized quasi-variational inequalities on non-compact sets

Let be a topological vector space and be a non-empty subset of . Let and be two maps. Then the generalized quasi-variational inequality (GQVI) problem is to find a point and a point such that for all . We shall use Chowdhury and Tan's 1996 generalized version of Ky Fan's minimax inequality as a tool to obtain some general theorems on solutions of the GQVI on a paracompact set in a Hausdorff locally convex space where the set-valued operator is either strongly pseudo-monotone or pseudo-monotone and is upper semicontinuous from to the weak-topology on for each non-empty finite subset of .

     

First order differential operators in white noise analysis

Let be the space of test white noise functionals. We first introduce a family of products on including Wiener and Wick products, and then show that with each product , we can associate a first order differential operator, called a first order -differential operator. We next show that a first order -differential operator is indeed a continuous derivation under the product . We finally characterize by means of rotation-invariance and continuous derivation under the product . Here and are the Gross Laplacian and the number operator on , respectively.

     

Semigroup representations, positive definite functions and abelian -algebras

It is shown that every -representation of a commutative semigroup with involution via operators on a Hilbert space has an integral representation with respect to a unique, compactly supported, selfadjoint Radon spectral measure defined on the Borel sets of the character space of . The main feature is that the proof, which is based on the theory of positive definite functions, makes no use what-so-ever (directly or indirectly) of the theory of -algebras or more general Banach algebra arguments. Accordingly, this integral representation theorem is used to give a new proof of the Gelfand-Naimark theorem for abelian -algebras.

     

A characterization of total reflection orders

Let be a Coxeter system with set of reflections . It is known that if is a total reflection order for , then, for each , and its complement are stable under conjugation by . Moreover the upper and lower -conjugates of are still total reflection orders. For any total order on , say that is stable if is stable under conjugation by for each . We prove that if and all orders obtained from by successive lower or upper -conjugations are stable, then is a total reflection order.