Cohomological properties of unimodular six dimensional solvable Lie algebras

In the present paper we study six dimensional solvable Lie algebras with special emphasis on those admitting a symplectic structure. We list all the symplectic structures that they admit and we compute their Betti numbers finding some properties about the codimension of the nilradical. Next, we consider the conjecture of Guan about step of nilpotency of a symplectic solvmanifold finding that it is true for all six dimensional unimodular solvable Lie algebras. Finally, we consider some cohomologies for symplectic manifolds introduced by Tseng and Yau in the context of symplectic Hogde theory and we use them to determine some six dimensional solvmanifolds for which the Hard Lefschetz property holds.     

The hyperbolic invariant tori of symplectic mappings

In this paper we study the persistence of lower dimensional hyperbolic invariant tori for nearly integrable twist symplectic mappings. Under a Rüssmann-type non-degenerate condition, by introducing a modified KAM iteration scheme, we proved that nearly integrable twist symplectic mappings admit a family of lower dimensional hyperbolic invariant tori as long as the symplectic perturbation is small enough.     

Geometric integration of the paraxial equation

Evolution of solitary waves in photovoltaic-photorefractive crystal satisfy the paraxial equation. The paraxial equation is transformed into the symplectic structure of the infinite dimensional Hamiltonian system. The symplectic structure of the paraxial equation is discretizated by the symplectic method. The corresponding symplectic scheme preserves conservation of discrete energy which reflects conservation of energy of the paraxial equation. The symplectic scheme is applied to simulate the solitary wave behaviors of the paraxial equation. Evolution of the solitary waves with the different applied electric field and the different photovoltaic fields are investigated.     

光伏光折变晶体中孤立波的数值模拟

高斯光束在光伏光折变晶体中孤立波的演化满足傍轴方程.傍轴方程可以看作无限维Hamil-tonian系统并可以利用辛几何算法进行计算.数值结果表明外加电场和光伏场的强弱和入射高斯光束的振辐对形成稳定的孤立波有显著的影响.傍轴方程的辛几何差分格式能很好地模拟傍轴方程中孤立波的演化行为.     

Spectral flexibility of symplectic manifolds <Emphasis Type="Italic">T</Emphasis><Superscript>2</Superscript> × <Emphasis Type="Italic">M</Emphasis>

We consider Riemannian metrics compatible with the natural symplectic structure on T ² × M, where T ² is a symplectic 2-torus and M is a closed symplectic manifold. To each such metric we attach the corresponding Laplacian and consider its first positive eigenvalue λ₁. We show that λ₁ can be made arbitrarily large by deforming the metric structure, keeping the symplectic structure fixed. The conjecture is that the same is true for any symplectic manifold of dimension ≥ 4. We reduce the general conjecture to a purely symplectic question.     

Locally compact abelian groups with symplectic self-duality

Is every locally compact abelian group which admits a symplectic self-duality isomorphic to the product of a locally compact abelian group and its Pontryagin dual? Several sufficient conditions, covering all the typical applications are found. Counterexamples are produced by studying a seemingly unrelated question about the structure of maximal isotropic subgroups of finite abelian groups with symplectic self-duality (where the original question always has an affirmative answer).     

A Note on Donaldson's “Tamed to Compatible” Question

Recently, Tedi Draghici and Weiyi Zhang studied Donaldson's "tamed to compatible" question(Draghici T, Zhang W. A note on exact forms on almost complex manifolds. arXiv: 1111. 7287v1 [math. SG]. Submitted on 30 Nov. 2011).That is, for a compact almost complex 4-manifold whose almost complex structure is tamed by a symplectic form, is there a symplectic form compatible with this almost complex structure? They got several equivalent forms of this problem by studying the space of exact forms on such a manifold. With these equivalent forms, they proved a result which can be thought as a further partial answer to Donaldson's question in dimension 4. In this note, we give another simpler proof of their result.     

Generalized symplectic symmetric spaces

Bieliavsky introduced and investigated a class of symplectic symmetric spaces, that is, symmetric spaces endowed with a symplectic structure invariant with respect to symmetries. The theory of symmetric spaces has essential and interesting generalizations due to the fundamental work of Gray and Wolf continued by many researchers. Therefore, we ask a question about possible symplectic versions of such theory. In this paper we do obtain such generalization, and, in particular, give a list of all symplectic 3-symmetric manifolds with simple groups of transvections. We also show a method of constructing semisimple (noncompact) symplectic \(k\) -symmetric spaces from a given (compact) Kähler k-symmetric space.     

Long-time averaging for integrable Hamiltonian dynamics

Summary. Given a Hamiltonian dynamical system, we address the question of computing the limit of the time-average of an observable. For a completely integrable system, it is known that ergodicity can be characterized by a diophantine condition on its frequencies and that this limit coincides with the space-average over an invariant manifold. In this paper, we show that we can improve the rate of convergence upon using a filter function in the time-averages. We then show that this convergence persists when a symplectic numerical scheme is applied to the system, up to the order of the integrator.     

A Note on Donaldson＇s ＂Tamed to Compatible＂, Question

Recently, Tedi Draghici and Weiyi Zhang studied Donaldson＇s ＂tamed to compatible＂ question （Draghici T, Zhang W. A note on exact forms on almost complex manifolds, arXiv： 1111. 7287vl [math. SC]. Submitted on 30 Nov. 2011）. That is, for a compact almost complex 4-manifold whose almost complex structure is tamed by a symplectic form, is there a symplectic form compatible with this almost complex structure？ They got several equivalent forms of this problem by studying the space of exact forms on such a manifold. With these equivalent forms, they proved a result which can be thought as a further partial answer to Donaldson＇s question in dimension 4. In this note, we give another simpler proof of their result.     

Energy identity of the heat flow of H-systems at finite singular time

It is well known that there exists a global solution to the heat flow of H-systems.If the solution satisfies a certain energy inequality,it is global regular with at most finitely many singularities. Under the same energy inequality,we can show the energy identity of the heat flow of H-systems at finite singular time.The most interesting thing in our proof is that we find the singular points can only occur in the interior of the set in some sense.     

斜对角无穷维Hamilton算子的点谱和特征函数系辛结构的非退化性

本文研究斜对角无穷维Hamilton算子$H=\begin{pmatrix}0&B\\C&0\end{pmatrix}$的点谱和特征函数系辛结构的非退化性, 给出斜对角无穷维Hamilton算子$H$的特征函数系具有非退化辛结构的充分必要条件. 基于此, 进一步刻画了斜对角无穷维Hamilton算子$H$的点谱分别包含于实轴、虚轴以及其它区域的充分必要条件. 最后, 以板弯曲问题和弦振动问题中导出的斜对角无穷维Hamilton算子为例, 验证了所得结论的正确性.     

The homotopy Lie algebra of symplectomorphism groups of 3-fold blow-ups of the projective plane

By a result of Kedra and Pinsonnault, we know that the topology of groups of symplectomorphisms of symplectic 4-manifolds is complicated in general. However, in all known (very specific) examples, the rational cohomology rings of symplectomorphism groups are finitely generated. In this paper, we compute the rational homotopy Lie algebra of symplectomorphism groups of the 3-point blow-up of the projective plane (with an arbitrary symplectic form) and show that in some cases, depending on the sizes of the blow-ups, it is infinite dimensional. Moreover, we explain how the topology is generated by the toric structures one can put on the manifold. Our method involve the study of the space of almost complex structures compatible with the symplectic structure and it depends on the inflation technique of Lalonde–McDuff.     

A C-symplectic free -manifold with contractible orbits and

An interesting question in symplectic geometry concerns whether or not a closed symplectic manifold can have a free symplectic circle action with orbits contractible in the manifold. Here we present a c-symplectic example, thus showing that the problem is truly geometric as opposed to topological. Furthermore, we see that our example is the only known example of a c-symplectic manifold having non-trivial fundamental group and Lusternik-Schnirelmann category precisely half its dimension.

     

Examples of non-Kähler Hamiltonian torus actions

An important question with a rich history is the extent to which the symplectic category is larger than the K?hler category. Many interesting examples of non-K?hler symplectic manifolds have been constructed [T] [M] [G]. However, sufficiently large symmetries can force a symplectic manifolds to be K?hler [D] [Kn]. In this paper, we solve several outstanding problems by constructing the first symplectic manifold with large non-trivial symmetries which does not admit an invariant K?hler structure. The proof that it is not K?hler is based on the Atiyah-Guillemin-Sternberg convexity theorem [At] [GS]. Using the ideas of this paper, C. Woodward shows that even the symplectic analogue of spherical varieties need not be K?hler [W]. Oblatum IX-1995 & 3-III-1997     

On a certain class of locally conformal symplectic structures of the second kind

We study locally conformal symplectic (LCS) structures of the second kind on a Lie algebra. We show a method to construct new examples of Lie algebras admitting LCS structures of the second kind starting with a lower dimensional Lie algebra endowed with a LCS structure and a suitable extension. Moreover, we characterize all LCS Lie algebras obtained with our construction. Finally, we study the existence of lattices in the associated simply connected Lie groups in order to obtain compact examples of manifolds admitting this kind of structure.     

Normal form and long time analysis of splitting schemes for the linear Schrödinger equation with small potential

We consider the linear Schrödinger equation on a one dimensional torus and its time-discretization by splitting methods. Assuming a non-resonance condition on the stepsize and a small size of the potential, we show that the numerical dynamics can be reduced over exponentially long time to a collection of two dimensional symplectic systems for asymptotically large modes. For the numerical solution, this implies the long time conservation of the energies associated with the double eigenvalues of the free Schrödinger operator. The method is close to standard techniques used in finite dimensional perturbation theory, but extended here to infinite dimensional operators.     

Quadratic integrals of linear Hamiltonian systems

Momentum mapping of an autonomous, real linear Hamiltonian system is determined by its set of quadratic integrals. Such a system can be identified with an element of the real symplectic algebra and its quadratic integrals correspond to the centralizer of this element inside the symplectic algebra. In this paper, using a new set of normal forms for the elements of the real symplectic algebra, we compute their centralizers explicitly.Research supported in part by the National Science Foundation under NSF-MCS 8205355.     

Topological invariants of O’Grady’s six dimensional irreducible symplectic variety

We study O’Grady examples of irreducible symplectic varieties: we establish that both of them can be deformed into lagrangian fibrations. We analyze in detail the topology of the six dimensional example: in particular we compute its Euler characteristic and determine its Beauville form.