TESTING GLUON DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION OF HADRONS IN LARGE PT PROCESS WITH DIRECT PHOTON EMISSION

In this paper we disscuse disscuse the physicsical aspect of cross-section differences Δ_AB^cγ=dσ(AB→cγX)-dσ(AB→cγX) and give the simple rules to select the elementary subprocesses which contribute to cross-section differences.
We bind a way to test the gluon distribution functions of hadrons through the measurement of cross-section difference or combination of cross-section differences in the large P_T process with direct photon emission. Moreover we obtain simple relations between each combination of cross-sections and the corresponding gluon distribution functions of proton, neutron, pion and daon:
G_p⁸(x)/(Δ_pp^hγ－Δ_pp^hγ)=G_n⁸(x)/(Δ_pp^hγ)=G_π⁸(x)/(Δ_π+p^hγ+Δ_π－p^hγ=G_K⁸(x)/(Δ_K+p^hγ+Δ_K－p^hγ)which are expected to be test in experiment.     

A STUDY ON THE HEAVY NUCLEAR POTENTIAL ENERGY SURFACE (LIQUID MODEL PART)

In the present paper, the parametrization for the nuclear surface is chosen properly.The formulae for the nuclear deformation energy, including surface energy, coulombenergy and curvature energy are derived. The potential energy surface of the heavynuclei like ²³⁵U, ²⁵² Fm et a1. and the barrier heights of many heavy nuclei are cal-culated.     

THE REGGE TRAJECTORY OF MESONS AND THE SU(4) MASS RELATIONS

A relativistic equation of motion of a two particle system under the constraints p_i²-m_i²-U(x²)=0.(i=1,2), where U(x²) is an infinite spherical square well poten-tial, is applied to the SU(4) quark model of mesons. A set of linear mass relations areobtained. Instead of the linear relation between J and M², the Regge trajectory ob-tained is a relation between p_nl² and M², where ζ_nlπ are zeros of the spherical Besselfunctions. The new trajectory seems more satisfactory than the former one.     

Gluon Exchange Potential and Cross-Section for pp→ΛΛ Proce

One and two-gluon exchange potentials (OGEP and TGEP) relevant to the pp→ΛΛ transition process are derived from the S-matrix in the a　roximation of order p²/m². An effective transition potential obtained from these gluon exchange potentials by the constituent quark model is employed to calculate the differential and total cross-sections for the pp→ΛΛ reaction in the plane wave Born Approximation.The calculated result shows that the relativistic correction terms in the OGEP and TGEP give considerable improvements on the cross-section in comparison with the previous calculations performed by making use of the OGEP given in the extremely non-relativistic a　roximation.     

π-NUCLEAR DOUBLE CHARGE EXCHANGE REACTION AND NUCLEAR STRUCTURE

Using Glauber's multiple scattering theory, and using coherent fluctuation nuclearmodel, the double charge exchange (DEC) reaction cross sections for πon ¹⁶O and ¹⁸Ohave been calculated. The calculated values of the ratio of σ(¹⁸O(π⁺,π^-)¹⁸Ne)_g.s. toσ(¹⁶O(π⁺,π^-)¹⁶Ne)_g.s. fit the experimental data quite well. Just as predicted by ourcalculation, the angular distribution of ¹⁸O(π⁺,π^-)¹⁸Ne_g.s. in a recent experiment,exhibits an evident dip around 23°.     

SOME PROBABLE APPROACHES TO THE PRODUCTION OF HYPERSYMMETRY STATES

The angular distributions of the strangeness exchange reations ⁹Be （K^-,π^-） ^_A9Be*and ¹³C（K^-,π^-）^_A13C with K^- in flight have been calculated on the basis of our pre-vious work^[2].In the framework of the plane-wave impulse approximation we havecalculated the relative rations of the differential cress-sections of the associated produc-tion reactions leading to the strangeness analoque states and the supersym-metric states of _A⁹Be and _A¹³C,and have estimated the absolute values of these dif-ferential cross-sections.The possibility of producing supersymmetric states bystrangeness exchange reactions and associated production reactions have been discus-sed on the basis of these calculations.     

FURTHER DISCUSSION ON THE EQUATION AND ITS SOLUTIONS FOR THE BOUND STATES OF MESONS

We continue the investigation of the equation and its solutions for the bound states of mesons discussed previously, emphasizing on large values of v, a parameter characterizing the shape of the potential. The results show that the dependence of the eigenvalues λ and some related physical quantities upon the potential parameters v and E is approximately the same as in our previous work. But the average radii of the bound mesons cease increasing as v increases. For each value of v, there exists a maximum average radius√<R²>_max, and all these √<R²>_max are approximately equal to 12.6 M^-1 （M being the mass of the straton）, which is much smaller than the experimental value of the radius of the π meson. However, if we assume, in addition to the attractive potential, there exists, for the straton-anti-straton superstrong interactions, also a repulsive potential, and, in particular, if we introduce a differencetype potential V_D（r） corresponding to the potential V_v（r） in our previous work, the calculated radii of the bound mesons do approach the experimental value.     

A METHOD FOR FINDING POTENTIALS CORRESPONDING TO POLYNOMIAL-FACTOR EIGENFUNCTIONS IN QUANTUM MECHANICS

A method for finding potentials corresponding to polynomial-factor eigenfunc-tions is given for the Schr（?）dinger equation as an example.It is shown that theeigen-solutions for harmonic and Columb's potentials in quantum mechanics are the twoexamples which can be given by this method and some other examples are discovered.This method and some results of this paper may be useful for hadron structure mo-del theory.One of the examples is the equation in Ref.（4）which is derived fromBethe-Salpeter equation for the case that the straton is tightly bounded in certain po-tential well.When this method is applied to that equation for three dimensionalcentral symmetric potential V（r）=V₀—2（N+（1/2））β^-1（√V₆r²）+（V₆r⁶）, some resultsare obtained as shown in Fig. 2 in which λ′ must be considered as a linear function of m².The so called“quasic Regge trajectory”behavior is manifested.     

ON THE CONTRACTION AND DEFORMATION OF DEUTERON CLUSTER IN 6Li

The ground state of ⁶Li is investigated by means of the projected variational method for double well-cluster shell model. The results of the variational calculation show that the root-mean-square radius of d-cluster in the ground state of ⁶Li is smaller than that of free deuteron and as the mean distance between the α-cluster and the d-cluster decreases there are two effects on the d-cluster, namely contraction effect in which the d-cluster contracts first and then makes a bit extension and deformation effect in which the d-cluster makes oblation first and then streteches.It is also demonstrated by the calculation that the repulsive component of the odd sytate of N-N force and the pauli exchange of the nucleons between the clusters play an important role not only on the cluster structure in the ground state of ⁶Li but also on the contraction and the deformation of d-cluster in ⁶Li.     

One Loop PGBs Effects on tt Production in High Energy e+e- Annihilation

The Technicolor(TC)O(αm_t²/m_w²)corrections to top pair production in high energy e⁺e^－ annihilation are calculated in the one generation TC model.The analytic expressions are given for the form factor, the renormalized matrix element and its square.Numerical examples are presented for the corrections to the total cross-section ,the forward-backward asymmetry A_FB and the left-right asymmetry A_LR.We found that the corrections can reach －12.3%, －3.3% and －11.7% to the observables,A_FB and A_LR respectively for the favorable parameter values.The level of these corrections might be achieved at the next-generation linear collider(NLC).It might open a window for testing TC theory.     

A SENSITIVE METHOD TO DISTINGUISH THE SPIN OF THE HEAVY LEPTON τ FROM ITS TWO BODY DECAY ENERGY SPECTRA

We point out that in e⁺+e^-→τ⁺+τ^- for spin 3/2 τ^±the different helicity statesof τ^±will possess different weights.When the beam energy is much larger than themass of τ,we argue that,in some renormalizable models,τ may even have only ±1/2 helieity states.Therefore,the two body d cay energy spectra will show a significantdifference from that of τ with spin 1/2.This provides us with a very sensitivemethod to distinguish the spin of τ.     

BETHE-SALPETER EQUATION FOR qq SYSTEM AND CALCULATION OF MESON SPECTRA

In this paper,an adequate form of qq Bethe-Salpeter (B-S) equation with one gluon exchange interaction and harmonic oscillator confining potential being taken into account has been derived,based on correct Gordon decompositions of the γ-matrices and a proper treatment for the fermion propagators in the equation.Furthermore,a Pauli-Schrodinger (P-S) equation including relativistic corrections has been established on the basis of the B-S equation by making use of relations between 4×1 components of the 16×1 B-S amplitude and a connection between the B-S amplitude and the P-S wave function both of which were found in the approximation of the order of p²/m².Calculations of meson spectra by employing the latter equation give a better agreement with the experimental data.     

THE DIFFICULTY OF THE DECAY τ→πντ AND SPIN 3/2 HEAVY LEPTON

We discuss the suppression of the decay of heavy lepton τ into πv_τ,by assuming that τ and/or v_τ carry spin 3/2. For the case of spin 3/2 T and spin 1/2 v_τ, using the weak current ψ_μ^(τ)(a+b_^γ5)Ψ^(v_τ)we find that the πv_τ decay channel relative to the v_τv_ll^-channel is suppressed 12/5 times, while other decay channels are not changed appreciably. △R=σ（e⁺e^-→τ⁺τ^-）/σ（e⁺e^-→μ⁺μ^-） is also discussed.     

EXCITATION CURVES FOR SOME REACTIONS OF Al、Ti、V AND I

Excitation curves for the reaction ²⁷Al（n,α）²⁴Na,⁴6Ti（n,p）⁴⁶Sc,⁴⁸Ti（n,p）⁴⁸Sc,⁵¹V（n,α）⁴⁸Sc and ¹²⁷I（n,2n）¹²⁶I have been measured by the activation method in the4.5—18.3 MeV energy region.The cross section for the reactio ²⁷Al（n,α）²4Na was determined at 14.61±0.20 MeV.The measurement of neutron flux was performed using the associated particle method.The cross sections for other reactions were de-termined relative to the measured ²⁷Al（n,α）²⁴Na cross section.The resulting activities were measured employing a calibrated NaI（TI）scintillation counter.The values obtained were 117.5±3.0 mb,291.4±14.0mb,63.7±3.2 mb,16.8±0.9mb and 1656±68 mb respectively.A brief comparison with existing data was made.     

STUDY OF ANOMALOUS LARGE ANGLE α-SCATTERING ON 24Mg

Angular distribution for the elastic and some inelstic scattering of α particle on²⁴Mg isotope between 12°and 178°in steps of 2°(Lab) have been measured at 18.1MeV α bombarding energy. α+²⁴Mg elastic scattering angular distribution at back-ward angles displays more pronounced oscillation and a strong overall rise of crosssection. The calculation by the standard optical model together with compound nuclearscattering (via H-F) cannot predict this anomalous enhancement. The calculation byuse of an L-dependent imaginary potential optical model is in good agreement withthe experimental data. The fits of L-dependent optical model to the experimentalangular distributions of other energies are also discussed.     

SOME CONJECTURES ON THE MASS FORMULA OF CHARGED LEPTONS

In this note we propose that the electromagnetic self energy of lepton may beconnected with quantum number n by（ （δm）/m）=（1/（2π））n^-b ,in which b is a constant.Wefnrther propose that the cut-off value of momentum M is connected with gravitationalconstant κ and fine structure constant α by M=（1/√κ）αe^-1-b.So we obtainthe mass formula of charged leptons M=（1/√κ）α exp{-3/4-b-(1/3α)n^-b}.By using the masses of e^- and μ^- and the value of a as in put,we get the calculatedvalues of κ=（6.67231±0.00026）×10^-8cm³g^-1sec^-2and m_r=（1782.306±0.078）MeVwhich agree very well with experimental values κ=（6.6720±0.0041）×10^-8cm³g^-1sec^-2 and m_τ=(1782_-4⁺³)MeV respectively.The mass of the fourth charged leptonpredicted by the formula should be m=（11725.47±0.51）MeV,which can be checkedby experiments in the near future.We also discuss briefly the proposed formula andthe obtained results.     

NUCLEON-MESON VERTEX INTERACTIONS DUE TO ONE-GLUON EXCHANGE TRANSITION POTENTIAL Vq→qqq

In this paper, the matrix elements of the nucleon-meson vertices due to one gluon exchange transition potential V_q→qqq are calculated by using the generator coordinate method. We obtain that the interaction forms of the vertices are the same as the nonrelativistic forms coming from the interactions of the nucleon field and the meson field; and the coupling constants are roughly consistent with the experimental data.     

SPACE-TIME PROPERTY OF FERMION NUMBER

Enlarging the dimensionality of Minkowski space from 4 to 5,and relating the restmass of particle with x₅ as m=—i（&#8706;/（&#8706;x_5）））we discuss the 5-dimensional non-linear con-formal group C（M₅）under which dx₁²+dx₂²+dx₃²-dx₀²+dx₅²=0 is invariant.The C（M₅）group is isomorphic to the linear group SO（5,2）from which we study thespace-time property of Fermion number,and the relations between half-integral（in-tegral）spin and odd（even）Fermion number are obtained.     

A STRUCTURE MODEL OF STRATONS AND LEPTONS

A subquark model is proposed. According to this model, stratons and leptons are consisted of rishons T and V, which are multiplets of group SU_H(3)×SU_C(3)×SU_G(2)×SU(2)×U(1). Three generations of both stratons and leptons are obtained naturally. In this model, proton decay modes are μ^－e⁺e⁺ or e^－μ⁺μ⁺.     

AN ANALYSIS OF FOUR-ELEMENT MODELS OF LEPTONS AND NON-DIAGONAL NEUTRAL CURRENTS

Due to the possible production of neutral and charge heavy leptons by v_μ, models consisting of four elements per "line", e.g. v_e, e^-, E⁰, E^- v_μ, μ^-, M^0, M^- v_τ, τ^-, T⁰, T^- ……are analysed. Non-diagonal neutral currents cannot be avoided. Nevertheless, a model is proposed within SU_（2）×U_（1） in which the process μ→eγ can still be suppressed by the Bjorken-Lane-Weinberg mechanism; various production cross-sections for heavy leptons are reasonable when compared with experiments. Models corresponding to SU_（3）×U（1） and still higher symmetries are discussed.