高效液相色谱光度法测定痕量铜、锌、铁、锰的磺化四苯基卟啉配合物

本文用磺化四苯基卟啉作柱前衍生试剂,研究了试剂与铜(Ⅱ)、锌(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅲ)及锰(Ⅱ)的络合反应。在ODS柱上,用乙腈-水(40:60,V/V)作流动相,溴化四丁基铵作离子对试剂,在420nm波长处进行光度检测。提出了离子对反相高效液相色谱快速分离及测定痕量铜、锌、铁及锰的新方法。检测下限为(×10^-3ppm):Mn 3.6、Fe 1.8 、Zn 0.93、Cu 0.70。应用于植物样品中痕量铜、锌、铁及锰的测定,分析结果与标准参考值相符。     

离子对高效液相色谱分离及光度检测法测定meso-四(4-甲基-3-磺酸苯基)卟啉-铜、锌络合物

报道了meso-四(4-甲基-3-磺酸苯基)卟啉[T(4-MP)PS4]作柱前衍生试剂生成铜、锌络合物,四乙基碘化胺(TEA·I)为离子对试剂.离子对高效液相色谱及光度检测快速分离测定铜、锌的方法.流动相为乙腈+水,内含乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲液和四乙基碘化胺.方法具有较高的灵敏度和选择性,并用于测定莲子和花生等食品中的痕量铜和锌.     

整体柱离子对色谱-间接紫外检测法快速分析吡咯烷离子液体阳离子

建立了快速分析无紫外光吸收的吡咯烷离子液体阳离子的离子对色谱-间接紫外检测法。采用反相硅胶整体柱,以(背景紫外吸收试剂-离子对试剂)水溶液-有机溶剂为流动相,分别讨论了背景紫外吸收试剂、检测波长、离子对试剂、有机溶剂、柱温及流速对分离测定吡咯烷阳离子的影响。最佳色谱条件为:以80%(V/V)(0.5 mmol/L对氨基苯酚盐酸盐-0.1 mmol/L庚烷磺酸钠)水溶液-20%(V/V)甲醇为流动相,检测波长230 nm,柱温30℃,流速2.0 mL/min。在此条件下,N-甲基,乙基吡咯烷阳离子、N-甲基,丙基吡咯烷阳离子和N-甲基,丁基吡咯烷阳离子在1.6 min之内基线分离,检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.02,0.03和0.07 mg/L,相对标准偏差(n=5)小于0.4%。将此方法用于分析实验室合成的离子液体样品,加标回收率在97.4%～98.0%之间。本方法快速、简单、准确、可靠,具有良好的实用性。     

在线气体分析的电晕放电大气压电离质谱

研制了适合在线气体分析的电晕放电大气压电离源(corona discharge atmospheric pressure ionization source)及其与商品质谱仪(LTQ-MS)的接口,对其试剂离子的产生机理进行了研究,以H2O. (H2O)为试剂离子,对乙醇气体进行检测,并分析了该离子的产生机制。实验结果表明:在潮湿氮气中电晕放电产生的主要试剂离子是m/z36、37和55;而在含丙酮的潮湿氮气中则产生m/z59和76等离子。利用静态顶空-电晕放电大气压电离质谱对不同浓度的乙醇水溶液进行分析,结果表明:以m/z64为检测对象,乙醇气体浓度的最低检出限可达2.4×10-7g/L;而以m/z47为检测对象,检出限为5.9×10-6g/L。同时还利用动态顶空-电晕放电大气压电离质谱对栀子花香气成分进行了检测,为生物挥发性物质的在线检测提供了一种新方法。     

离子液体为流动相的液相色谱法-间接紫外检测吗啉阳离子

建立了以咪唑离子液体为流动相的液相色谱-间接紫外检测分析N-甲基,丙基吗啉阳离子的方法。用反相硅胶整体柱,以咪唑离子液体-离子对试剂水溶液/有机溶剂为流动相测定吗啉阳离子。咪唑离子液体为背景紫外吸收试剂。研究了咪唑离子液体、检测波长、离子对试剂、有机溶剂、柱温、流速对测定吗啉阳离子的影响,探讨了保留规律。以0.5 mmol·L-11-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐-0.1 mmol·L-1庚烷磺酸钠水溶液/甲醇(85∶15,v/v)为流动相,检测波长210 nm,柱温30℃,流速1.0 m L·min-1,N-甲基,丙基吗啉阳离子的保留时间为2.397 min,检出限(S/N=3)为0.02 mg·L-1,峰面积的相对标准偏差(n=5)为1.1%,保留时间的相对标准偏差(n=5)为0.03%。将此方法用于分析实验室合成的N-甲基,丙基吗啉离子液体,加标回收率为100.5%。本方法简便、快捷,可满足N-甲基,丙基吗啉离子液体阳离子的定量分析要求。     

高效液相色谱对液态奶中三聚氰胺的快速测定

建立了有机溶剂提取和离子对色谱相结合的三聚氰胺快速检测方法.样品中加入有机溶剂振荡提取,取上清液过滤进行高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析.对丙酮、乙腈、乙醇和异丙醇的提取物分别在甲醇-离子对试剂流动相体系和乙腈-离子对试剂流动相体系中进行测定和比较.结果显示,选择合适的流动相,使用丙酮、乙醇或异丙醇为提取剂可以获得较好的提取效果.在甲醇-离子对试剂流动相体系中,三聚氰胺的质量浓度在1.0 ～100.0 mg/L范围内与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 98),检出限为0.1 mg/kg,采用丙酮为提取剂,加标回收率为97% ～103%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%.     

整体柱离子对色谱-间接紫外检测法快速测定N-甲基,丙基吗啉阳离子

建立了快速分析无紫外吸收的N-甲基,丙基吗啉阳离子的离子对色谱-间接紫外检测法。采用反相C18硅胶整体柱,以背景紫外吸收试剂-离子对试剂-有机溶剂为流动相。研究了背景紫外吸收试剂、检测波长、离子对试剂、有机溶剂、柱温、流速对吗啉阳离子测定的影响。最佳色谱条件为:(0.5 mmol/L对氨基苯酚盐酸盐-0.1 mmol/L庚烷磺酸钠)溶液-甲醇(9:1, v/v)为流动相,检测波长230 nm,柱温30 ℃,流速1.0 mL/min。在此条件下,N-甲基,丙基吗啉阳离子的保留时间为2.966 min,检出限为0.07 mg/L(S/N=3),峰面积的相对标准偏差为2.1%(n=5),保留时间的相对标准偏差为0.02%(n=5)。将此方法用于分析实验室合成的N-甲基,丙基吗啉离子液体,加标回收率为98.8%。结果表明本方法简便、快速。     

离子液体的阴离子三氟乙酸根、硫氰酸根、四氟硼酸根和三氟甲磺酸根的离子对色谱-直接电导检测法分析

建立了同时测定离子液体的阴离子三氟乙酸根、硫氰酸根、四氟硼酸根和三氟甲磺酸根的反相离子对色谱-直接电导检测方法。采用Diamonsil C18分离柱,以离子对试剂-苹果酸-乙腈水溶液为流动相,从流动相组成和色谱柱温度两方面讨论并确定了优化的色谱条件,即以0.15 mmol/L氢氧化四丁铵-0.099 mmol/L苹果酸-20%(v/v)乙腈混合水溶液(pH 6.5)为流动相,柱温25 ℃。在此条件下,三氟乙酸根、硫氰酸根、四氟硼酸根和三氟甲磺酸根离子均达到基线分离,且不受其他常见阴离子氟离子、氯离子、溴离子、硝酸根、硫酸根的干扰。三氟乙酸根、硫氰酸根、四氟硼酸根和三氟甲磺酸根离子的检出限(信噪比为3)分别为0.21、0.07、0.36、0.12 mg/L。将方法应用于测定离子液体中三氟乙酸根、硫氰酸根、四氟硼酸根和三氟甲磺酸根离子,加标回收率为95.0%～104.6%。该法简便、快速、灵敏度较高,可满足离子液体样品的检测要求。     

用2-(5-硝基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二乙氨基苯酚反相高效液相色谱测定痕量铁、钴、镍

本文采用新试剂2-(5-硝基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二乙氨基苯酚(5-NO_2-PADAP)为柱前衍生试剂,不需对离子试剂,用含40mmol/L 的 pH6.0的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液和10~(-4)mol/LEDTANa_2的甲醇-水溶液(67.5:32.5)为流动相,在 ODS 柱上,20min 内 HPLC 测定了 Fe(Ⅲ)、CO(Ⅱ)和 Ni(Ⅱ)的5-NO_2-PADAP 的络合物,这是同类衍生试剂中最简单流动相体系。当信噪比 SNR=2时,检出限分别为0.17、0.17和0.09ng/ml。是同类体系中灵敏度最高的。方法用于同时测定硝酸试剂和茶叶中的铁、钴和镍,结果良好。     

吐温-80增溶、PPFF光度法测定微量镉

1-(2-吡啶基)-5-苯基-3-(2-呋喃基)甲(月替)(简称PPFF)是作者合成的一种呋喃甲(月替)腊类试剂,我们研究探讨了该试剂用于镉(Ⅱ)的光度测定的可能性和有关条件。实验表明,与最近报导的一些测镉试剂相比,PPFF不失为一种分析性能较好的试剂。在pH9.4～12.0范围内,PPFF与镉离子形成兰色络合物。若用非离子表     

Organogermyl,Organostannyl, and Organoplumbyl Phosphines,Arsines, Stibines,and Bismuthines

The preparation, properties, and reactions of the compounds named in the title are described, with particular reference to the possible participation of (p→d)_π components in the bonding between the group IVB and the group VB elements.     

Pyrenes,Peropyrenes, and Teropyrenes: Synthesis,Structures, and Photophysical Properties

The design of a relatively simple and efficient method to extend the π‐conjugation of readily available aromatics in one‐dimension is of significant value. In this paper, pyrenes, peropyrenes, and teropyrenes were synthesized through a double or quadruple benzannulation reaction of alkynes promoted by Brønsted acid. This novel method does not involve cyclodehydrogenation (oxidative aryl–aryl coupling) to arrive at the newly incorporated large arene moieties. All of the target compounds were synthesized in moderate to good yields and were fully characterized with the structures unambiguously confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. As expected, photophysical characterization clearly shows increasing red‐shifts as a function of extended conjugation within the fused ring systems.     

Structural, magnetic, and spectroscopic studies of YAgSn, TmAgSn, and LuAgSn

The rare earth-silver-stannides YAgSn, TmAgSn, and LuAgSn were synthesized from the elements by arc-melting and subsequent annealing. The three stannides were investigated by X-ray powder and single-crystal diffraction: NdPtSb type, P6₃mc, Z=2, a=468.3(1), pm, wR₂=0.0343, 353 F² values, 12 variables for YAgSn, and ZrNiAl type, P6¯2 m, a=726.4(2), , wR₂=0.0399, 659 F² values, 15 variables for TmAgSn, and a=723.8(2), , wR₂=0.0674, 364 F² values, 15 variables for LuAgSn. Besides conventional laboratory X-ray data with monochromatized Mo radiation, the structures were also refined on the basis of synchrotron data with , in order to clarify the silver-tin ordering more precisely. YAgSn has puckered, two-dimensional [AgSn] networks with Ag-Sn distances of 278 pm, while the [AgSn] networks of TmAgSn and LuAgSn are three-dimensional with Ag-Sn distances of 279 and 284 pm for LuAgSn. Susceptibility measurements indicate Pauli paramagnetism for YAgSn and LuAgSn. TmAgSn is a Curie-Weiss paramagnet with an experimental magnetic moment of 7.2 μ_B/Tm. No magnetic ordering is evident down to 2 K. The local environments of the tin sites in these compounds were characterized by ¹¹⁹Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy and solid-state NMR (in YAgSn and LuAgSn), confirming the tin site multiplicities proposed from the structure solutions and the absence of Sn/Ag site disordering. Mössbauer quadrupolar splittings were found in good agreement with calculated electric field gradients predicted quantum chemically by the WIEN2k code. Furthermore, an excellent correlation was found between experimental ¹¹⁹Sn nuclear magnetic shielding anisotropies (determined via MAS-NMR) and calculated electric field gradients. Electronic structure calculations predict metallic properties with strong Ag-Sn bonds and also significant Ag-Ag bonding in LuAgSn.     

Pyrenes,Peropyrenes, and Teropyrenes: Synthesis,Structures, and Photophysical Properties

The design of a relatively simple and efficient method to extend the π‐conjugation of readily available aromatics in one‐dimension is of significant value. In this paper, pyrenes, peropyrenes, and teropyrenes were synthesized through a double or quadruple benzannulation reaction of alkynes promoted by Brønsted acid. This novel method does not involve cyclodehydrogenation (oxidative aryl–aryl coupling) to arrive at the newly incorporated large arene moieties. All of the target compounds were synthesized in moderate to good yields and were fully characterized with the structures unambiguously confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. As expected, photophysical characterization clearly shows increasing red‐shifts as a function of extended conjugation within the fused ring systems.     

Pi bonding and negative hyperconjugation in mono-, di-, and triaminoborane, -alane, -gallane, and -indane

A systematic quantum chemical investigation of mono-, di-, and triaminoborane, -alane, -gallane, and -indane is carried out to determine quantitatively the effects of pi bonding and negative hyperconjugation on structures, energetics, and rotational barriers in these systems. Pi bonding plays a significant role in the aminoborane compounds, but becomes rapidly less significant in the aminoalanes, -gallanes, and -indanes. For each main-group metal X investigated, X-N rotational barriers are found to be essentially equal depending only on the number of remaining in-plane amino groups. The contribution of negative hyperconjugation to reducing rotational barriers, as assessed from natural bond orbital (NBO) delocalization energies, is independent of the pyramidalization of the out-of-plane amino group, and is also dependent only on the number of rotated groups. Optimized tris[bis(trimethylsilyl)amino]-substituted structures of boron, aluminum, gallium, and indium are found to compare quite well with available experimental structural data, and exhibit X-N torsion angles that are independent of the central metal atom.     

Borinium, borenium, and boronium ions: synthesis, reactivity, and applications

Boron cations are elusive and highly electrophilic species that play a key role in the chemistry of boron. Despite early interest in the chemistry of boron cations, until recently they have largely remained chemical curiosities. However, hints at harnessing their potential as potent electrophiles have begun to appear and developments in weakly coordinating anion technology suggest that this is an area of research that is ripe for exploration. It has been nearly 20 years since the last major review on boron cations; herein we summarize the progress in the area since that time.     

Transition-metal-free O-, S-, and N-arylation of alcohols, thiols, amides, amines, and related heterocycles

A new protocol for the Ullmann-type arylation process of different aromatic heterocycles without any transition-metal catalyst, implying the use of a combination of an excess of potassium hydroxide and dimethyl sulfoxide, is described. The reaction can be performed between a broad range of starting nucleophiles including phenol, alcohols, amines, nitrogen-containing five-membered systems such as pyrazoles, imidazoles, and indoles, and amides with haloarenes, iodide and bromide derivatives giving the best results, the possible pathway involving the in situ generation of the corresponding benzyne intermediate. When the reaction was performed with 2-iodoaniline and either carboxamides or isothiocyanato derivatives, the corresponding benzoazole derivatives were obtained.     

Synthesis of yttrium,lanthanum, neodymium,praseodymium, and lutetium alkoxides and acetylacetonates

A convenient and practical method is proposed for the synthesis of lanthanide and yttrium alkoxides. The method involves dissolving the metals or their hydrides in a solution of dry HCl in the corresponding alcohol, with subsequent dehalogenation of the LnCl₃ solution by an equivalent amount of alkali metal (Na, Li), The rareearth alkoxides are easily converted into acetylacetonates Ln(acac)₃ by the action of acetylacetone.A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Elementoorganic Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117813 Moscow. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2490–2493, November, 1992.     

Metal-Directed Formation of Tetra-, Hexa-, Octa-, and Nonanuclear Complexes of Magnesium,Calcium, Manganese,Copper, and Cadmium

Efficacious metal control of self-assembly of dialkylketipinate dianions leads to completely different supramolecular assemblies. The structures of grid 1 , double-decker 2 , triple-decker 3 , and metalla-spherand 4 were characterized by X-ray crystallographic analyses or by NMR spectroscopy.