Direct numerical simulation of turbulence-radiation interactions in a statistically one-dimensional nonpremixed system

An important issue in chemically reacting turbulent flows is the interaction between turbulence and radiation (TRI), which arises from highly nonlinear coupling between fluctuations in temperature and species composition of the flow field with the fluctuations of radiative intensity. Here direct numerical simulation (DNS) has been employed to investigate TRI in canonical nonpremixed systems in three-dimensional geometries. A photon Monte Carlo method has been used to solve the radiative transfer equation (RTE), which has been coupled with the flow solver. Radiation properties employed here correspond to a nonscattering fictitious gray gas with a Planck-mean absorption coefficient, which mimics that of typical hydrocarbon-air combustion products. Individual contributions of emission and absorption TRI have been isolated and quantified. The temperature self-correlation, the absorption coefficient-Planck function correlation, and the absorption coefficient-intensity correlation have been examined for intermediate-to-large values of the optical thickness, and contributions from all three correlations were found significant but the relative importance of their contribution varies with optical thickness.     

Optical absorption coefficients in asymmetric quantum well

The optical absorption coefficients considering electron-phonon interaction in asymmetrical quantum wells are theoretically studied. The result shows that the optical absorption coefficients depend strongly on the parameters of quantum well. Interestingly, the theoretical values of the optical absorption coefficients obviously increase with considering the electron-phonon interaction.     

Calculation of the absorption coefficients of optical materials by measuring the transmissivities and refractive indices

In this paper, a formula for accurate calculation of the absorption coefficient of optical material is deduced by the relationship of its transmissivity, refractive index and absorption coefficient. Because the values of transmissivity and refractive index of the optical material with a higher accuracy can be determined by the instruments or obtained directly from the references, the calculated results of the absorption coefficients with a higher accuracy is certified. The absorption coefficients of some optical materials are calculated with it, and the results are discussed.     

GaAs半导体中的三光子吸收

本文从直接能隙半导体中三光子吸收跃迁速率的全量子理论表达式出发,在二能带和四能带理论模型下,分别就抛物线和非抛物线型能带,计算了GaAs半导体的三光子吸收系数。其结果与实验值作了比较。同时还给出了GaAs中三光子吸收系数的色散曲线。     

Band model analysis of laboratory methane absorption spectra from 4500 to 10500 Å

Molecular band models are used to derive absorption and pressure coefficients for the methane absorption spectrum from 4500 to 10500 Å at intervals of 10 Å. These coefficients provide a necessary basis for the interpretation of the large methane absorptions in the atmospheres of the major planets. Although only coefficients for the “random” or “Goody” band model are derived, the equivalence between these and the “regular” of “Elasser” coefficients is demonstrated. The effects of pressure on the absorption are surprisingly small, leading to large values of the pressure coefficient quite unlike any previous application of the band-model theory. They indicate a pseudo-continuum character of the methane spectrum throughout the visible and near infrared. A spectrum synthesis calculation using the derived coefficients shows the close fit to experimental data that can be realized.     

Effects of Electron-Phonon Interaction on Linear and Nonlinear Optical Absorption in Cylindrical Quantum Wires

The electron-phonon interaction influences on lineax and nonfineax optical absorption in cylindrical quantum wires （CQW） with an infinite confining potential axe investigated. The optical absorption coefficients are obtained by using the compact-density-matrix approach and iterative method, and the numerical results are presented for GaAs CQW. The results show that the electron-phonon interaction makes a distinct influence on optical absorption in CQW. The electron-phonon interaction on the wave functions of electron dominates the values of absorption coefficients and the correction of the electron-phonon effect on the energies of the electron makes the absorption peaks blue shift and become wider. Moreover, the electron-phonon interaction influence on optical absorption with an infinite confining potential is different from that with a finite confining potential.     

Electron-phonon interaction effect on optical absorption in cylindrical quantum wires

Electron-phonon interaction effects on linear and nonlinear optical absorption in cylindrical quantum wires are investigated. The linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients are obtained by using compact-density-matrix approach and iterative method, and the numerical results are presented for GaAs/AlAs cylindrical quantum-well wires. The results show that electron-phonon interaction not only influences the relaxation rate but also distinctly influences the wave functions and energies of the electron. The correction of electron-phonon interaction effect on the wave functions of the electron dominates the values of absorption coefficients. Moreover, the correction of electron-phonon interaction effect on the energies of the electron makes the absorption peaks blue shift and become wider.     

Simultaneous effects of spin-orbit interaction and external electric field on the linear and nonlinear optical properties of a cubic quantum dot

In this article simultaneous effects of external electric field and spin-orbit interaction on the linear and the nonlinear optical properties of a cubic quantum dot are studied. Based on the non- degenerate perturbation method, energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the system under the influence of spin-orbit interaction are calculated. Furthermore, the linear and the nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes are obtained using the compact density matrix approach and iterative method. Our results show that, due to the spin-orbit interaction, resonant peak values of the optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes decrease and occur at lower values of the incident photon energy. The variation of these optical parameters depend on the spin-orbit interaction strength, dot dimensions and external electric field.     

组织模拟液Intralipid-10%的 吸收系数和各向异性因子的测量

用加吸收体法测量了组织模拟液Intralipid-10%的吸收系数和各向异性因子。运用漫射理论研究了点光源在无限大介质中的各向异性散射,实验结果得到 μ_a/D 的多个测量值的标准偏差小于0.6%,测量值与拟合值的残差方均根值为0.1%。标准偏差和残差的值表明了测量值的准确度。     

Experimental characterisation, optimisation and design of erbium-doped silica fibre lasers

A new characterisation method is described using the new theoretical model for erbium-doped silica fibre lasers (EDSFLs) based on the energy conservation principle. Using this method, we obtained absorption and emission coefficients for the lasing wavelength at lasing operating conditions. After that, an experimental procedure to deduce the spectral profiles of the absorption and emission coefficients is also presented. This procedure allows us to obtain the values of these parameters for the whole fluorescence spectrum through measurements of gain profiles under the lasing operation. Once the absorption and emission coefficients are known, the new model can be applied and a comparison with experimental results for two different laser configurations is shown. The theoretical model is proved to be accurate and in addition some equations are developed to allow the design and optimisation of EDSFLs. This revised version was published online in March 2005. In the previous version, the published online date was missing     

冲击波在铝靶中传播的数值模拟研究

利用一维辐射流体力学数值模拟程序对激光驱动的冲击波在平面铝靶中传播的实验结果进行了模拟研究.分析了空间单元层的厚度对模拟结果的影响,给出了最佳单元层厚度.通过将数值模拟与实验结果相比较给出了实验中两种激光光强的实际的吸收系数.结果显示,波长为1.053μm,强度分别为0.81×10¹⁴和1.65×10¹⁴W/cm²的激光驱动的冲击波在铝靶中传播速度分别为16.52,18.56μm/ns,冲击波的峰值压力分别为0.386和0.537TPa,这些模拟结果与实验结果是一致的 关键词： 冲击波 辐射流体力学 激光等离子体     

Propagation and Absorption of ECR Waves in a Low Temperature Toroidal Plasma of Small Size and Magnetic Field

The propagation and absorption of ECR waves in a tokamak plasma with small size and low values of the electron temperature and the toroidal magnetic field is studied numerically. The cold plasma dispersion equation is solved and ray tracing calculations are performed to find the accessibility conditions and the optimal angle of wave launching for maximal ECR absorption. Absorption coefficients are computed in the high density approximation.     

烟道气体SO2光谱辐射强度和吸收系数的研究

采用乘积近似法构建配分函数合理模型,计算了SO₂分子的总配分函数.利用所得的配分函数、将常温下的无转动跃迁矩平方近似为一常数并应用于高温及Herman-Wallis因子系数,编制光谱程序,计算了烟道气体SO₂分子三个主要跃迁带100-000、001-000和101-000不同温度段的光谱强度和吸收系数.结果表明,计算所得的配分函数和谱线强度与数据库相比,不管是常温296 K还是高温3000 K,都吻合较好,相对偏差都在3%以下,这说明构建的配分函数模型和编制的程序是可靠的,在此基础上,进一步计算了各跃迁带在不同温度的吸收系数.从模拟光谱图可看出,强度随着温度升高明显减小,谱带带心没变,峰值波数向两边偏移;吸收系数随着温度升高也减少,其中在3000 K以下吸收峰位置增宽,到高达4000 K以上基本不再变换,这为监测烟道气体环境污染提供实验和理论参考.     

烟道气体SO2光谱辐射强度和吸收系数的研究

采用乘积近似法构建配分函数合理模型,计算了SO2分子的总配分函数.利用所得的配分函数、将常温下的无转动跃迁矩平方近似为一常数并应用于高温及Herman-Wallis因子系数,编制光谱程序,计算了烟道气体SO2分子三个主要跃迁带100-000、001-000和101-000不同温度段的光谱强度和吸收系数.结果表明,计算所得的配分函数和谱线强度与数据库相比,不管是常温296K还是高温3000K,都吻合较好,相对偏差都在3%以下,这说明构建的配分函数模型和编制的程序是可靠的,在此基础上,进一步计算了各跃迁带在不同温度的吸收系数.从模拟光谱图可看出,强度随着温度升高明显减小,谱带带心没变,峰值波数向两边偏移;吸收系数随着温度升高也减少,其中在3000K以下吸收峰位置增宽,到高达4000K以上基本不再变换,这为监测烟道气体环境污染提供实验和理论参考.     

Resonant and relaxation absorption of ultrasound by anisotropic Jahn-Teller centers in GaAs

The contribution of the Jahn-Teller effect to absorption of an ultrasonic wave by a GaAs crystal doped with copper has been investigated theoretically. The distinguishing feature of the problem under consideration is the existence of two holes in the state of the complex valence band. The magnitude of the tunneling splitting in Jahn-Teller centers has been determined. The theoretical values of the absorption coefficients for the resonant and relaxation types of absorption have been obtained. The magnitudes of these coefficients have been estimated.     

Calculation of the average values of the Zeeman and dipole—dipole spin energies of a paramagnet at low temperatures

For average values of the Hamiltonians of the Zeeman energy and the dipole-dipole spin interaction energy, a series is obtained representing the expansion of these averages in powers of the inverse temperature of the dipole-dipole interaction reservoir. The average values of specific operators appearing in the series as coefficients of the series are calculated from the complete density matrix of the system. These coefficients essentially are the low-temperature moments of resonance absorption lines of the spin system.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 9, pp. 76–78, September, 1991.     

The effects of pressure and hydrogenic donor impurity on the linear and nonlinear optical properties of a GaAs/GaAlAs nanowire superlattice

The combined effects of hydrostatic pressure, presence and absence of hydrogenic donor impurity are investigated on the linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes of a GaAs/Ga_1−xAl_xAs nanowire superlattice. The wave functions and corresponding eigenvalues are calculated using finite difference method in the framework of effective mass approximation. Analytical expressions for the linear and third order nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes are obtained by means of compact-density matrix formalism. The linear and third order nonlinear absorption coefficient and refractive index changes are presented as a function of photon energy for different values of hydrostatic pressure, incident photon intensity and relaxation time in the presence and absence of hydrogenic donor impurity. It is found that the linear and third order nonlinear absorption coefficients, refractive index changes and resonance energy are quite sensitive to the presence of impurity and applied hydrostatic pressure. Moreover, the saturation in optical spectrum and relaxation time can be adjusted by increasing pressure in presence of impurity whereas the effect of hydrostatic pressure is negligible in the case of absence of hydrogenic impurity.     

Determination of the diffusion coefficients of dyes in polymer media by the absorption method with a high spatial resolution

The coefficients of diffusion of coumarin 7 in polyurethaneacrylate are determined by a new optical absorption method based on measurement of the absorption gradient at the boundary between the colored and colorless sections of the polymer. The dependence of the diffusion coefficient on concentration is found. The obtained values for the diffusion coefficients of the dye in an elastic matrix allow one to consider that the gradient optical elements in elastomers will be characterized by a relatively large lifetime. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 67, No. 4, pp. 457–460, July–August, 2000.     

Characterization of the Metrology beamline at the SOLEIL synchrotron and application to the determination of mass attenuation coefficients of Ag and Sn in the range 3.5 ≤ E ≤ 28 keV

This work presents the new Metrology beamline at the SOLEIL synchrotron facility and a first attempt to quantitative measurements of mass attenuation coefficients for Ag and Sn performed on the hard X‐ray branch. We first describe the beamline itself and the characterization performed of the unfocused monochromatic beam running mode. We performed a first experimental measurement of mass attenuation coefficients in the range 3.5 ≤ E ≤ 28 keV and we also derived the K‐absorption and L‐absorption jump ratios. The results are compared with theoretical values as well as with other experimental data and agree well with previous published values. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Study of optical properties in a cubic quantum dot

In this paper, the effect of hydrostatic pressure on both the intersubband optical absorption coefficients and the refractive index changes is studied for typical GaAs/Al _x  Ga_1?x As cubic quantum dot. We use analytical expressions for the linear and third-order nonlinear intersubband absorption coefficients and refractive index changes obtained by the compact-density matrix formalism. The linear, third-order nonlinear, and total intersubband absorption coefficients and refractive index changes are calculated at different pressures as a function of the photon energy with known values of box length (L), the incident optical intensity (I), and Al concentration (x). According to the results obtained from the present work, we have found that the pressure plays an important role in the intersubband optical absorption coefficient and refractive index changes in a cubic quantum dot.