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1.
Polypropylene powders as the adsorbent for organic solution containing n-hexadecane and olive oil were employed as the carbon source for producing an alkaline lipase from Acinetobacter radioresistens. The best volumetric ratio of n-hexadecane to olive oil around 5 for lipase production was determined from shake-flask and fermentation cultivations. The
existence of a maximum time course lipase activity of the aqueous phase was attributed to the compensation effects of olive
oil on cell growth and lipase production, repression of lipase synthesis by oleic acid, and lipase adsorption on the supports.
A linear relationship between the average cell growth rate in the exponential phase and the ratio of surface areas of the
supports was found. The benefits of using the present fermentation process include less foaming and emulsion of the broth,
less organic phase used, higher lipase production, and easy recovery of the lipase in the centrifugation step. 相似文献
2.
Freire Denise M. Teles Elaine M. F. Bon Elba P. S. Anna Geraldo Lippel Sant’ 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1997,(1):409-421
A preliminary screening work selectedPenicillium restrictum as a promising micro-organism for lipase production. The physiological response of the fungus towards cell growth and enzyme
production upon variable carbon and nitrogen nutrition, specific air flow rate (Qa) and agitation (N) was evaluated in a 5-L
bench-scale fermenter. In optimized conditions for lipase production meat peptone at 2% (w/v) and olive oil at 1% (w/v) were
used in a growth medium with a C/N ratio of 9.9. Higher C/N ratios favored cell growth in detriment of enzyme production.
Low extracellular lipase activities were observed using glucose as carbon source suggesting glucose regulation. Final lipase
accumulation of 13,000 U/L was obtained, using optimized specific air flow rate (Qa) of 0.5 wm and an impeller speed (N) of
200 rpm. Agitation showed to be an important parameter to ensure nutrient availability in a growth medium having olive oil
as carbon source. 相似文献
3.
Summary An extracellular lipase was produced by Bacillus coagulans by solid-state fermentation. Solid waste from melon was used as the basic nutrient source and was supplemented with olive
oil. The highest lipase production (78,069 U/g) was achieved after 24h of cultivation with 1% olive oil enrichment. Enzyme
had an optimal activity at 37°C and pH 7.0, and sodium dodecyl sulfate increased lipase activity. NH 4NO3 increased enzyme production, whereas organic nitrogen had no effect. The effect of the type of carbon sources on lipolytic
enzyme production was also studied. The best results were obtained with starch and maltose (148,932 and 141,629 U/g, respectively),
whereas a rather low enzyme activity was found in cultures grown on glucose and galactose (approx 118,769 and 123,622 U/g,
respectively). Enzyme was inhibited with Mn+2 and Ni+2 by 68 and 74%, respectively. By contrast, Ca+2 enhanced enzyme production by 5%. 相似文献
4.
Moftah OA Grbavčić S Zuža M Luković N Bezbradica D Knežević-Jugović Z 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2012,166(2):348-364
Olive oil cake is a by-product from the olive oil processing industry and can be used for the lipase and protease production
by Candida utilis in solid state fermentation. Different carbon and nitrogen sources were evaluated, and the results showed that the supplementation
of the substrate with maltose and starch as carbon sources and yeast extract as a nitrogen source significantly increased
the lipase production. The best results were obtained with maltose, whereas rather low lipase and protease activities were
found with glucose and oleic acid. Response surface methodology and a five-level–three-factor central composite rotatable
design were used to evaluate the effects of the initial moisture content, inoculum size and fermentation time on both lipase
and protease activity levels. A lipase activity value of ≈25 U g-1 and a protease activity value of 110 U g-1 were obtained under the optimized fermentation conditions. An alkaline treatment of the substrate appeared to be efficient,
leading to increases of 39% and 133% in the lipase and protease production, respectively. The results showed that the olive
cake could be a good source for enzyme production by solid state fermentation. 相似文献
5.
M. C. B. Pimentel N. Krieger L. C. C. B. Coelho J. O. Fontana E. H. M. Melo W. M. Ledingham J. L. Lima Filho 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1994,49(1):59-74
A lipases (glycerol ester hydrolases E. C. 3.1.1.3) from a brazilian strain ofPenicillium citrinum has been investigated. When the microorganism was cultured in the simple medium (1.0% olive oil and 0.5% yeast extract),
using olive oil in as carbon source in the inocula, the enzyme extracted showed maximum activity (409 IU/mL). In addition,
decrease of yeast extract concentration also reduces the lipase activity. Nevertheless, when yeast extract was replaced by
ammonium sulfate, no activity was detected. Purification by precipitation with ammonium sulfate showed best activity in the
40–60% fraction. The optimum temperature for enzyme activity was found in the range of 34–37°C. However, after 30 min at 60°C,
the enzyme was completely inactivated. The enzyme showed optimum at pH 8.0. The dried concentrated fraction (after dialysis
and lyophilization) maintained its lipase activity at room temperature (28°C) for 8 mo. This result in lipase stability suggests
an application of lipases fromP. citrinum in detergents and other products that require a high stability at room temperature. 相似文献
6.
Melissa L. E. Gutarra Elisa D. C. Cavalcanti Leda R. Castilho Denise M. G. Freire Geraldo L. Sant’Anna Jr. 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2005,121(1-3):105-116
The production of lipase by Penicillium simplicissimum in solid-state fermentation was studied using babassu cake as the basal medium. Tray-type and packed-bed bioreactors were employed. In the former, the influence of temperature; content of the medium, and medium supplementation with olive oil, sugarcane molasses, corn steep liquor, and yeast hydrolysate was studied. For all combinations of supplements, a temperature of 30°C, a moisture content of 70%, and a concentration of carbon source of 6.25% (m/m, dry basis) provided optimum conditions for lipase production. When used as single supplements olive oil and molasses also were able to provide high lipase activities (20 U/g). Using packed-bed bioreactors and molasses-supplemented medium, optimum conditions for enzyme production were air superficial velocities above 55 cm/min and temperatures below 28°C. The lower temperature optimum found for these reactors is probably related to radial heat gradient formation inside the packed bed. Maximum lipase activities obtained in these bioreactors (26.4 U/g) were 30% higher than in tray-type reactors. 相似文献
7.
Palma Marcia B. Pinto Annette L. Gombert Andreas K. Seitz Karina H. Kivatinitz Silvia C. Castilho Leda R. Freire Denise M. G. 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2000,84(1-9):1137-1145
Lipase, protease, and amylase production by Penicillium restrictum in solid-state fermentation was investigated. The basal medium was an industrial waste of babassu oil (Orbignya oleifera) production. It was enriched with peptone, oliveoil, and Tween-80. The supplementation positively influenced both enzyme
production and fungal growth. Media enriched with Tween-80 provided the highest protease activity (8.6 U/g), whereas those
enriched with peptone and olive oil led to the highest lipase (27.8 U/g) and amylase (31.8 U/g) activities, respectively. 相似文献
8.
Dutra JC da C Terzi S Bevilaqua JV Damaso MC Couri S Langone MA Senna LF 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2008,147(1-3):63-75
The aim of this study was to monitor the biomass growth of Aspergillus niger in solid-state fermentation (SSF) for lipase production using digital image processing technique. The strain A. niger 11T53A14 was cultivated in SSF using wheat bran as support, which was enriched with 0.91% (m/v) of ammonium sulfate. The addition of several vegetable oils (castor, soybean, olive, corn, and palm oils) was investigated
to enhance lipase production. The maximum lipase activity was obtained using 2% (m/m) castor oil. In these conditions, the growth was evaluated each 24 h for 5 days by the glycosamine content analysis and digital
image processing. Lipase activity was also determined. The results indicated that the digital image process technique can
be used to monitor biomass growth in a SSF process and to correlate biomass growth and enzyme activity. In addition, the immobilized
esterification lipase activity was determined for the butyl oleate synthesis, with and without 50% v/v hexane, resulting in 650 and 120 U/g, respectively. The enzyme was also used for transesterification of soybean oil and ethanol
with maximum yield of 2.4%, after 30 min of reaction. 相似文献
9.
Panagiota-Yiolanda Stergiou Athanasios Foukis Helen Sklivaniti Paraskevi Zacharaki Maria Papagianni Emmanuel M. Papamichael 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2012,168(3):672-680
In this study, the production and optimization of extracellular lipase from Kluyveromyces marxianus IFO 0288 was investigated by using optimized nutritional and cultural conditions in a yeast medium containing glucose as the carbon source in fully aerobic batch fermentation (150?rpm). The influence of four fermentation parameters (type of lipidic source, initial culture pH, temperature, and length of fermentation) on growth and lipase production was investigated and evaluated using the conventional ??one variable at a time?? approach and response surface methodology. An 18-fold increase in lipase production during 65?h of fermentation was obtained with optimized nutritional (0.5?% olive oil) and cultivation (pH?6.5, 35?°C) conditions by employing the conventional optimization method. By applying the response surface methodology technique the initial pH value of 6.4 and temperature of 32.5?°C were identified as optimal and led to further improvements (up to 18-fold) of extracellular lipase production. The results provide, for the first time, evidence that K. marxianus has the potential to be used as an efficient producer of extracellular lipase with prospective application in a variety of industrial and biotechnological areas. 相似文献
10.
The effect of a hydrophobic nonwoven fabric on the lipase production by Acinetobacter radioresistens was investigated with semicontinuous culture. The fermentation medium contained n-hexadecane as the carbon source. The nonwoven fabric was made from nylon 6 and coated with an acrylic resin. Equipping the
nonwoven fabric around the baffles of a 2.5-L agitated fermentor could provide a fine dispersion of n-hexadecane, thus enhancing lipase production. The improvement on lipase yield by using the nonwoven fabric was found to be
comparable to that of using an emulsifier (gum arabic). Compared with the corresponding culture in the absence of nonwoven
fabric, the employment of the nonwoven fabric could significantly enhance both lipase yield and volumetric productivity. 相似文献
11.
Maria do Carmo B. Pimentel Eduardo Henrique M. Melo José Luiz Lima Filho William M. Ledingham Nelson Durán 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1997,66(2):185-195
This work is a study of lipase production by a Brazilian strain ofPenicillium citrinum using an inexpensive and simple medium without organic nitrogen sources and of some important industrial properties, including
thermostability in relation to ionic strength. The maximal lipase activity (1585 U/L) was obtained whenPenicillium citrinum was cultured on 0.75% ammonium sulfate complemented with minerals salts instead of yeast extract. Although this activity
was about 55% lower than that produced in medium with yeast extract (2850 U/L), the specific activity (7.8 U/mg proteins)
was higher than that obtained with the yeast extract (4.9 U/mg proteins). The morphology of fungus changed totally, with yeast
extract there are smooth, solid, and spherical pellets whereas on ammonium sulfate there are small “hairy” pellets uniformly
suspended in the medium. The effect of ferrous (Fe++) ions was carried out using medium MA with and without Fe++ ions. Lipase production byPenicillium citrinum in medium MA requires Fe++ ions, the absence of which caused a decreased of about 50% in the specific activity (3.5 U/mg proteins). The utilization
of commercial, locally available oils as carbon sources, such as soybean oil (236 U/L) and corn oil (74 U/L) resulted in lower
activity compared to olive oil, showing that lipase production byPenicillium citrinum is specifically induced by olive oil. Potassium concentration in the medium can effects the production of lipase (1 mM (1585
U/L), 10 mM (1290 U/L), and 30 mM (1238 U/L), 50 mM (195 U/L), and 100 mM (2 U/L). The crude culture filtered was susceptable
to thermal deactivation. It was stable at pH 6.0, but was not stable at the optimum pH (8.0-8.5) at 50 mM. At the low ionic
concentration (1-25 mM) this lipase was stable at low pH (3.5-4.0). The activation energy was 22.4 ±2.2 Kcal. mol 1. 相似文献
12.
Pereira-Meirelles Fatima Ventura Rocha-LeãO Maria Helena Miguez Anna Geraldo Lippel Santť 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1997,(1):73-85
Although Upases have been intensively studied, some aspects of enzyme production like substrate uptake, catabolite repression,
and enzyme stability under long storage periods are seldom discussed in the literature. This work deals with the production
of lipase by a new selected strain ofCandida lipolytica. Concerning nutrition, it was observed that inorganic nitrogen sources were not as effective as peptone, and that oleic acid
or triacylglycerides (TAG) were essential carbon sources. Repression by glucose and stimulation by oleic acid and long chain
TAG (triolein and olive oil) were observed. Extracellular lipase activity was only observed at high levels at late stationary
phase, whereas intracellular lipase levels were constant and almost undetectable during the cultivation period, suggesting
that the produced enzyme was attached to the cell wall, mainly at the beginning of cultivation. The crude lipase produced
by this yeast strain shows the following optima conditions: pH 8.0–10.0, temperature of 55°C. Moreover, this preparation maintains
its full activity for at least 370 d at 5°C. 相似文献
13.
Leda M. F. Gottschalk Jacyara M. B. Macedo Elba P. S. Bon 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1999,79(1-3):771-778
Lignin peroxidase (LiP) production cost should be reduced to justify its use in the control of environmental pollution. In
this work, we studied the enzyme production by Streptomyces viridosporus T7A using glucose or corn oil as a carbon source having 0.65% yeast extract as a nitrogen source. Enzyme activity, observed
using either 0.65% glucose or corn oil at 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% concentration, was 300, 150, 300, and 200 U/L, respectively.
Although higher enzyme activity was obtained in both media containing 0.65% glucose and 0.5% corn oil, the use of corn oil
resulted in a better LiP stability. When combined carbon sources were used, higher values of enzyme activity (360, 350, and
225 U/L) were observed in media with 0.65% glucose and supplemented with 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% corn oil, respectively. Although
the presence of both glucose and 0.5% corn oil is favorable for LiP production, satisfactory results in terms of enzyme production
and stability could be also observed using 0.5% corn oil as a sole carbon source, which may lead to reduced production costs
of the LiP enzyme. 相似文献
14.
P. Esakkiraj G. Austin Jeba Dhas A. Palavesam G. Immanuel 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2010,160(4):1254-1265
Extracellular lipase production by Staphylococcus epidermidis CMST Pi 2 isolated from the intestine of shrimp Penaeus indicus has been investigated in shake-flask experiment using different preparations of tuna-processing waste such as raw fish meat,
defatted fish meat, alkali hydrolysate, and acid hydrolysate as nitrogen source. Among the tested tuna preparations, defatted
fish meat supported the maximum lipase production, and 2.5% concentration of the same was found to be optimum for maximizing
the lipase production. The effect of carbon sources on lipase production revealed that glucose aided the higher lipase production
than any other tested carbon source and a concentration of 2% glucose registered as optimum to enhance the lipase production.
The halotolerancy of S. epidermidis CMST Pi 2 for lipase production indicated that 4% of sodium chloride was optimum to yield maximum lipase. Among the surfactants
tested, lipase production was high in Tween 20 added medium when compared to other surfactants, and its optimum concentration
recorded was 0.8%. Partial characterization of crude enzyme revealed that pH 7 and 55 °C temperature were optimum for maximum
lipase activity. 相似文献
15.
Fernando J. S. Oliveira Leonardo Vazquez Norberto P. De Campos Francisca P. de Fran?a 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1996,131(1-3):727-737
Biosurfactants production by a strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using palm oil as a sole carbon source was investigated. The experiments were carried out in 500-mL conical flasks containing
100 mL of mineral media supplemented with palm oil as the sole carbon source. The P. aeruginosa FR strain was able to reduce surface tension of three tested inorganic media. Rotation velocities from 100 to 150 rpm provided
free-cell fermented media with the lowest surface tension of approx 33 mN/m. Emulsification index results of even 100% were
achieved when diesel was used as oil phase. Eight surface-active compounds produced by the bacterium were identified by mass
spectrometry. 相似文献
16.
The production of pigment-free pullulan byAureobasidium pullulans, using olive oil and sucrose as carbon (C) sources, in shake flasks, was investigated. Optimum medium composition for pullulan
elaboration was 80 g/L sucrose, 25 mL/L olive oil, 5 mL/L Tween-80, 10 g/L glutamic acid, and an initial pH of 5.5. Maximum
pullulan concentration (51.5 g/L), productivity (8.6 g/L·d), and yield (80.3%) were achieved under these conditions after
120 h of fermentation. The principal advantage of using olive oil and sucrose simultaneously as C sources was the elimination
of the inhibitory effect of high sucrose concentrations (> 60 g/L) on pullulan production by the microorganism. Structural
characterization by13C-NMR, monosaccharide, and methylation analyses, and pullulanase digestion, combined with size-exclusion chromatography, confirmed
the identity of pullulan and the homogeneity of the released polysaccharide in the fermentation broths. There were no significant
differences in structure between pullulan samples isolated from either olive oil-supplemented media or olive oil-free media.
The molecular size of pullulan from the combined olive oil-sucrose fermentation was slightly lower (1.1 X 106) than that of conventional fermentation with sucrose as a single C source (1.4 X 106). Lowering the initial pH of the medium resulted in increased molecular size for the released polymer, but a lower pullulan
yield. 相似文献
17.
Production of an extracellular lipase from Serratia marcescens ECU1010, which is an industrially important biocatalyst for the stereospecific synthesis of Diltiazem precusor, was carefully
optimized in both shake flasks and a fermenter, using Tween-80 as the enzyme inducer. Dextrin and beef extract combined with
ammonium sulfate were indicated to be the best carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. With the increase of Tween-80 from
0 to 10 g l−1, the lipase production was greatly enhanced from merely 250 U l−1 to a maximum of 3,340 U l−1, giving the highest lipase yield of ca 640 U g−1 dry cell mass (DCW), although the maximum biomass (6.0 g DCW l−1) was achieved at 15 g l−1 of Tween-80. When the medium loading in shake flasks was reduced from 20 to 10% (v / v), the lipase production was significantly enhanced. The increase in shaking speed also resulted in an improvement of the
lipase production, although the cell growth was slightly repressed, suggesting that the increase of dissolved oxygen (DO)
concentration contributed to the enhancements of lipase yield. When the lipase fermentation was carried out in a 5-l fermenter,
the lipase production reached a new maximum of 11,060 U l−1 by simply raising the aeration rate from 0.5 to 1.0 vvm, while keeping the dissolved oxygen above 20% saturation via intermittent
adjustment of the agitation speed (≥400 rpm), in the presence of a relatively low concentration (2 g l−1) of Tween-80 to prevent a potential foaming problem, which is easy to occur in the intensively aerated fermenter. 相似文献
18.
Kantak JB Bagade AV Mahajan SA Pawar SP Shouche YS Prabhune AA 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2011,164(7):969-978
A lipolytic mesophilic fungus which produces lipase extracellularly was isolated from soil. Based on ITS1-5.8S–ITS4 region
sequences of ribosomal RNA, it was concluded that the isolate JK-1 belongs to genus Rhizopus and clades with Rhizopus oryzae. The present paper reports the screening, isolation, identification, and optimization of fermentation conditions for the
production of lipase (EC 3.1.1.3). Culture conditions were optimized, and the highest lipase production was observed in basal
medium with corn steep liquor as nitrogen source and glucose as carbon source. Maximum lipase production was observed at 72 h,
which is about 870 U/ml. Optimization of fermentation conditions resulted in 16-fold enhancement in enzyme production. 相似文献
19.
A Gram-positive coccus-shaped bacterium capable of synthesizing higher relative molecular weight (M
r), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) was isolated from sesame oil and identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis (by Microbial ID, Inc., Newark, NJ). The experiment was conducted by shake flask fermentation culture using media containing
fructose. Cell growth up to a dry mass of 2.5 g/L and PHB accumulation up to 15.02% of cell dry wt was observed. Apart from
using single carbohydrate as a sole carbon source, various industrial food wastes including sesame oil, ice cream, malt, and
soya wastes were investigated as nutrients for S. epidermidis to reduce the cost of the carbon source. As a result, we found that by using malt wastes as nutrient for cell growth, PHB
accumulation of S. epidermidis was much better than using other wastes as nutrient source. The final dried cell mass and PHB production using malt wastes
were 1.76 g/L and 6.93% polymer/cells (grams/gram), and 3.5 g/L and 3.31% polymer/cells (grams/gram) in shake flask culture
and in fermentor culture, respectively. The bacterial polymer was characterized by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C-NMR, Fourier transform infrared, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results show that with different industrial
food wastes as carbon and energy sources, the same biopolymer (PHB) was obtained. However, the use of sesame oil as the carbon
source resulted in the accumulation of PHB with a higher melting point than that produced from other food wastes as carbon
sources by this organism under similar experimental conditions. 相似文献
20.
Marco di Luccio Fernando Capra Najara P. Ribeiro Gean D. L. P. Vargas Denise M. G. Freire Débora de Oliveira 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2004,113(1-3):173-180
The production of lipases by Penicillium simplicissimum using solid-state fermentation and soy cake as substrate was investigated. The effects of temperature, cake moisture, and
carbon supplementation on lipase production were studied using a two-level experimental plan. Moisture, pH, and lipase activity
were followed during fermentation. Statistical analysis of the results was performed to evaluate the effect of the studied
variables on the maximum lipase activity. Incubation temperature was the variable that most affected enzyme activity, showing
a negative effect. Moisture and carbon supplementation presented a positive effect on activity. It was possible to obtain
lipase activity as high as 21 U/g of dry cake in the studied range of process variables. 相似文献