Lipids of the fruit ofAcanthopanax sessiliflorus

In the lipids of the seeds and pericarp of the introduced speciesAcanthopanax sessiliflorus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Seem (familyAraliaceae), 23 classes of compounds have been detected, of which 19 have been identified. Sixteen of the classes have been studied. The lipids of the pericarp contain a more complex set of components than the seeds. Hydroxyacyldiacylglycerides, fatty acid methyl esters, and a complex group of pthalicacidesters have been detected in the familyAraliaceae for the first time. The fatty acid compositions of the seed and pericarp lipids are characterized by a high level of petroselinic acid.     

Lipids of the seeds of Cynoglossum officinale

The compositions of the lipids and fatty acids of the seeds ofCynoglossum officinale, familyBoraginaceae have been established. The bulk of the lipids consisted of netural compounds (95.2%), while the amounts of glycolipids and phospholipids were 3.1 and 1.7%, respectively. Among the fatty acids, in addition to the usual components, acids characteristic for theBoraginaceae family have been found: 18:3 (6, 9, 12), 18:3 (9, 12, 15), 18:4 (6, 9, 12, 15), 20:1 (11), 22:1 (13), and 24:1 (15).Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. South Urals Reservation, Bashkir. Institute of Chemistry, Bashkir Scientific-Center, Urals Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 758–762, November–December, 1991.     

Lipids of elaeagnus fruit

The composition of the classes of lipids of the fruit of three morphological forms of the elaeagnusElaeagnus angustifolia L. have been studied. Their compositions were identical. The amounts of the main lipid classes of extracts of the seeds and pericarps, the fatty acid compositions of the acyl-containing classes of lipids, and the compositions of the carbohydrates and sterols have been determined. The fatty oil of the seeds contained linoleic acid, while the main fatty acids of the pericarp extracts were the 16:0, 18:1, and 18:2 acids. The 16:1 acid that is characteristic for sea buckthorn oil was detected in the elaegnus fruit in insignificant amounts. The class of sterols, both in the free and in the esterified states, was represented by -sitosterol. The main hydrocarbon of the pericarps and seeds was nonacosane.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 17–21, January–February, 1990.     

Lipid complex of Peganum harmala

The lipid complex of the seeds ofPeganum harmala (fam. Zygophyllaceae) has been investigated. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the neutral lipids and the phospholipids have been studied. The fatty acid compositions of the acyl-containing lipids have been determined and it has been shown that in the triacylglycerols and phosphatidylethanolamines the sn-2 position is esterified mainly by linoleic acid.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 625–627, November–December, 1992.     

Oxygenated acids of the reserve lipids of Rumex paulsenianus

The composition of the fatty mono- and dihydroxy acids of the fruit ofRumex paulsenianus Rech. fil. (familyPolygonaceae) has been determined by a combination of IRS, UVS, GLC, and mass-spectrometric methods. (22) Monohydroxy acids of the C₁₄–C₂₀ series, including isomers and isologues, and four dihydroxy acids from C₁₈ to C₂₀, including a new isomeric 9-OH-10, 12–17:2 acid have been detected.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 762–765, November–December, 1991.     

Lipids of the fruit of Rumax paulsenianus

The lipids of the fruit ofRumex paulsenianus have been investigated. The lipid content of the seeds was 7.8% and of the perianths 0.58%. Of the 18 classes of lipids detected, 16, including anthraquinone pigments, were identified by CC and TLC and by UV and IR spectroscopies and mass spectrometry. The low-molecular-mass triacylgly-cerols dimyristoylacetin, dimyristoylcaproin, myristoylcaproylacetin, and hydroxylipids have been detected in the fruit of plants of the Polygonaceae family for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 604–611, September–October, 1990.     

Lipids ofZizyphus jujuba

The acyl-containing classes of neutral lipids have been studied and the amounts of phospholipids and their fatty acid composition have been determined in the pericarps and seeds ofZizyphus jujuba. The fatty oil of the seeds contains oleic acid while in the neutral lipids of the pericarps the main acid is the biologically active palmitoleic. In the qualitative respect, the set of phospholipids in the seeds is more diverse, while the main classes quantitatively in both parts of the fruit are phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylglycerols. The phospholipids of the pericarps are more saturated than those of the seeds.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 21–24, January–February, 1990.     

Effect of a wilt infection on the neutral lipids of cotton leaves

The composition of the neutral lipids of leaves of a cotton plant of the wilt-resistant variety 175-F, the set of components in the fatty acid composition of the lipid classes, and the partial structures of the triacylglycerides have been determined. The changes taking place in the composition and structure of these lipids on artificial infection of the plant by the fungal pathogenVerticillium dahliae have been elucidated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 477–483, September–October, 1992.     

Lipids ofGossypium mexicanum

The surface lipids of the coat and the lipids of the kernel of the seeds of a wild form of the medium-fibered cotton plantGossypium mexicanum var.nervosum have been studied in comparison with cultured species. Using the methods of CC, TLC, and GLC, and UV and mass spectrometry, in the cuticular lipids ofG. mexicanum three classes of neutral lipids have been detected, and in the kernel lipids 10 classes of neutral lipids, 2 classes of glycolipids, and 7 classes of phospholipids. The structures of the epoxyacyl-, hydroxyacyl-, and diacylglycerols of the kernel have been established. The greatest differences between the seeds of the wild form of the cotton plant and the cultured species are the greater weight of the seed coat, the presence in it of a considerable amount of the 18:1 and of medium-molecular-weight fatty acids, and a higher level in the kernel of gossypol pigments, polar lipids, and acylglycerols containing the 18:2 acid.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 57–62, January–February, 1987.     

Lipids ofHeracleum lehmannianum seeds

The lipid complex of the seeds ofHeracleum lehmannianum B. has been studied. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the neutral lipids and the phospho- and glycolipids, and the fatty acid compositions of the acyl-containing classes of lipids have been determined. It has been shown that the neutral and the polar lipids differ considerably from one another with respect to the level of certain fatty acids. The position-species compositions of the TAGS and of the main components of the phospholipids have been calculated from the results of lipolytic hydrolysis.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 10–14, January–February, 1996. Original article submitted June 12, 1995.     

N-oxides of homoaporphine alkaloids from Merendera raddeana

The alkaloid complex of the leaves, stems, seeds, and seed pods ofMerendera raddeana Rgl. (familyLiliaceae) has been investigated. A number of known tropolone alkaloids and their photochemical isomers have been isolated together with the homoaporphine bases merenderine, kreysiginine, and O-methyl-kreysiginine and their N-oxides, which have not been described in the literature. One of them (merenderine N-oxide) has been characterized by its physical constants and has been investigated by IR, PMR, and mass-spectral methods. By a study of the PMR spectrum of the fraction of neutral alkaloids from the leaves of the plant it has been established that it consists mainly of a mixture of equal amounts of colchicine and cornigerine.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 86–91, January–February, 1991.     

Composition of the neutral lipids of Chlorella vulgaris

Summary The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the neutral lipids and the fatty-acid composition of the individual classes of neutral lipids isolated from fresh, freeze-dried, and air-dry cells of the algaChlorella vulgaris have been investigated.The presence of natural fatty acid methyl esters in the lipid extract of the fresh and air-dry chlorella cells has been established.It has been shown that the fatty acid methyl ester fraction is enriched with palmitic acid as compared with the triglyceride and free fatty acid fractions.The main unsaturated acids of the chlorella lipids contain the first double bond in the ⁹ position.Division of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 49–53, January–February, 1978.     

Neutral lipids of the seeds ofPhlomis oreophilla andPh. regelii

The lipid and fatty acid compositions of the seeds ofPhlomis oreophilla andPh. regelii (familyLabiatae) have been studied. The lipids ofPh. oreophilla are enriched with linoleic acid and those ofPh. regelii with oleic acid. Laballenic acid is present in the total acids of the triacylglycerides and the free fatty acids of both species, being concentrated in the free acids. The epoxy acids ofPh. oreophilla are represented by 9,11-epoxystearic, vernolic, coronaric, and 15,16-epoxylinoleic acids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 561–565, September–October, 1983.     

Lipids of the seeds of Cynoglossum officinale

The compositions of the lipids and fatty acids of the seeds ofCynoglossum officinale, familyBoraginaceae have been established. The bulk of the lipids consisted of netural compounds (95.2%), while the amounts of glycolipids and phospholipids were 3.1 and 1.7%, respectively. Among the fatty acids, in addition to the usual components, acids characteristic for theBoraginaceae family have been found: 18:3 (6, 9, 12), 18:3 (9, 12, 15), 18:4 (6, 9, 12, 15), 20:1 (11), 22:1 (13), and 24:1 (15). Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. South Urals Reservation, Bashkir. Institute of Chemistry, Bashkir Scientific-Center, Urals Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 758–762, November–December, 1991.     

Post-infection changes in lipids of the roots of a cotton plant variety moderately resistant to Verticillium dahliae

A comparative study has been made of the lipid composition of healthy roots of the cotton plant of the Tashkent-1 variety (I) and of the corresponding plants infected withVerticillium dahliae Kleb. (II) grown under field conditions. The action of the factors of infection stress and seasonal and climatic conditions change the lipid metabolism. In lipids (I) and (II) seven classes of neutral lipids (NLs), three classes of glycolipids, and six classes of phospholipids (PLs) were identified and their fatty acid compositions were determined. It was established that in (II) there was a smaller amount of total lipids, NLs, and PLs, and an increased level of polyphenolic pigments, but the level of gossypol pigments with free aldehyde groups was unchanged. In the NLs of (II), as compared with (I), there were more triacylglycerols, sterols, triterpenols, and squalene. Complex changes were observed in the fatty acid composition of the acyl-containing lipids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 59–63, January–February, 1989.     

Oils of the seeds of Ziziphora pedicellata and Eremostachys molluceloides

Summary The fatty oils of the seeds of the wild speciesZiziphora pedicellata andEremostachys molluceloides (Labiatae) have been investigated. The glyceride, pigment, and hydrocarbon compositions of these oils and the fatty-acid composition of the oil ofZ. pedicellata have been determined.The oil ofE. molluceloides contains laballenic acid.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 324–328, May–June, 1975.     

Neutral lipids of the seeds of Eremostachys moluccelloides

Summary From the sum of the neutral lipids of the seeds ofE. moluccelloides we have isolated the natural di-and monoglycerides, have determined their structure, and have established that these classes of lipids contain a higher amount of saturated acids in the position than the triglycerides of the seeds.It has also been established that in the hydrolysis of natural diglycerides with the nonspecific lipase of the fungusO. lactis synthetic triglycerides are formed that differ from natural triglycerides by an increased amount of saturated acids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Microbiology Division of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 44–48, January–February, 1978.     

Lipids of Hibiscus cannabinus seeds

The neutral and polar lipids of kenaf seeds of the variety Uzbetskii-1574 from the 1983 crop have been studied. The fatty acid compositions of six acyl-containing classes of neutral lipids have been established for the first time. The acids in the sn-2 positions of the triacylglycerols and of the main classes of phospholipids have been determined. The main triacylglycerol species are those in which the sn-2 position is esterified by linoleic acid.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the UzSSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 558–564, September–October, 1986.     

Phospholipids of ripeSophora japonica seeds

Nine classes of lipids have been isolated in homogenous form from ripe seeds of the Japanese pagoda tree, and their fatty acid compositions have been established. The positional distributions of the fatty acids in the phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and phosphatidylinositols have been determined.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 40 64 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 578–582, July–August, 1997.     

Lipids of the seeds ofPaliurus spina-christi

The composition of the unsaturated and oxidized fatty acids and steroids of the lipids of the seeds ofPaliurus spina-christi has been determined. Among the unsaturated acids the 20:1 (11) was detected, while the 18:1 and 18:2 acids predominate. The oxidized acids are represented by the sum of the 9,10(12,13)-epoxy-12(9)-18:1, the 9,10-epoxy-18:0, the oxo-18:1, the oxo-18:2, the 12-hydroxy-9-18:1, and the 9-hydroxy-10,11-18:2 acids. The main component of the sterols is -sitosterol. It has been found that the composition of the acylglycerols of the lipids of the seeds ofP. spina-christi gathered in different years is variable.I. G. Kutateladze Institute of Pharmatochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, Tbilisi. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 322–326, May–June, 1985.