RuSi_n(n=1～6)团簇的结构、稳定性和电子性质的密度泛函研究

运用杂化密度泛函理论方法在(U)B3LYP/Lan L2DZ水平研究了Ru Sin(n=1~6)团簇体系的稳定结构及电子性质.结果发现:Ru Sin(n=1~6)团簇基本保持了纯硅团簇的框架.对原子平均束缚能和分裂能的计算表明,Ru Si6团簇是Ru Sin(n=1~6)团簇中热力学稳定性最强的.对自然电荷分布的研究结果发现,Ru Sin(n=2,4~6)团簇的最低能结构出现电荷反转现象.HOMO-LUMO能隙的研究结果表明掺入钌原子后团簇的化学活性增强了,且Ru Si的化学活性是Ru Sin(n=1~6)团簇最强的.通过对团簇磁矩的研究发现,Ru Si和Ru Si3团簇具有了磁性,其余团簇的总磁矩为零,且Ru Sin(n=1~6)团簇中各原子对团簇总磁矩的贡献不同.     

Nb2Sin-(n=1-6) 团簇的几何构型、电子性质和磁性的理论研究

运用密度泛函方法在(U)B3LYP/LanL2DZ水平上研究了 (n=1～6)团簇的几何结构和电子性质．结果发现 (n=1～6)团簇只是在相应的Nb2Sin团簇的结构基础上发生了微小畸变．其中 团簇结构变化较为严重．对平均束缚能和分裂能的研究发现, 团簇的平均束缚能和分裂能均明显高于相应的Nb2Sin团簇,表明增加一个电子可以提高Nb2Sin(n=1～6)团簇的稳定性．通过对最低能构型的分裂能的研究发现, 团簇和Nb2Si3团簇分别是 和Nb2Sin(n=1～6)团簇中所有最低能构型中最稳定的．对电荷自然布局的研究发现,在 团簇中出现了电子反转．而对于Nb2Sin(n=1～6)团簇,当n=4～6时出现电子反转现象, n=1～2时电子转移符合常规． 对HOMO-LUMO能隙的研究结果表明,除了n=1,6外,其余 (n=2～5)团簇最低能结构的HOMO-LUMO 能隙均小于相应的Nb2Sin团簇,说明在这些团簇中增加一个电子增强了团簇的化学活性,但是当n=1、6时增加一个电子,该团簇的化学活性反而降低了．对于 (n=1～6)团簇来讲, 和 团簇分别成为 (n=1～6)团簇中化学稳定性最强和化学活性最强的．且 (n=1~6)团簇呈现半导体属性．对磁矩的研究结果表明, (n=1～6) 团簇的最低能结构的总磁矩均为1.00μB,两个Nb原子的局域磁矩方向,除了 团簇有一个铌原子与总磁矩相反外,其余均与总磁矩方向相同．说明各团簇中两个铌原子和硅原子对磁矩的贡献不同,方向也不完全相同．     

Nb_2Si_n~-(n=1～6)团簇的几何构型、电子性质和磁性的理论研究

运用密度泛函方法在(U)B3LYP/LanL2DZ水平上研究了Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇的几何结构和电子性质.结果发现Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇只是在相应的Nb2Sin团簇的结构基础上发生了微小畸变.其中Nb2Si-6团簇结构变化较为严重.对平均束缚能和分裂能的研究发现,Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇的平均束缚能和分裂能均明显高于相应的Nb2Sin团簇,表明增加一个电子可以提高Nb2Sin(n=1~6)团簇的稳定性.通过对最低能构型的分裂能的研究发现,Nb2Si-3团簇和Nb2Si3团簇分别是Nb2Sin-和Nb2Sin(n=1~6)团簇中所有最低能构型中最稳定的.对电荷自然布局的研究发现,在Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇中出现了电子反转.而对于Nb2Sin(n=1~6)团簇,当n=4~6时出现电子反转现象,n=1~2时电子转移符合常规.对HOMO-LUMO能隙的研究结果表明,除了n=1,6外,其余Nb2Sin-(n=2~5)团簇最低能结构的HOMO-LUMO能隙均小于相应的Nb2Sin团簇,说明在这些团簇中增加一个电子增强了团簇的化学活性,但是当n=1、6时增加一个电子,该团簇的化学活性反而降低了.对于Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇来讲,Nb2Si-2和Nb2Si-5团簇分别成为Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇中化学稳定性最强和化学活性最强的.且Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇呈现半导体属性.对磁矩的研究结果表明,Nb2Sin-(n=1~6)团簇的最低能结构的总磁矩均为1.00μB,两个Nb原子的局域磁矩方向,除了Nb2Si5-团簇有一个铌原子与总磁矩相反外,其余均与总磁矩方向相同.说明各团簇中两个铌原子和硅原子对磁矩的贡献不同,方向也不完全相同.     

Nb2Sin+(n=1～6)团簇的密度泛函理论研究

运用密度泛函方法在(U) B3LYP/LanL2DZ水平上研究了Nb2Sin+ (n=1～6)团簇的几何结构和电子性质.结果发现最低能Nb2Si+团簇除了n=5,6发生了微小畸变外,其余基本保持了相应的中性Nb2Sin[(n=1～6)]团簇的结构,且除了Nb2Si+团簇外,所有的最低能结构都是自旋二重态,电子态也都为2A;由原子平均束缚能和分裂能可知,Nb2Si+团簇的热力学稳定性比相应的Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)]强,说明失去一个电子增加了团簇的热力学稳定性.且Nb2Si+团簇的热力学稳定性是Nb2Si+ (n=1～6)团簇中最强的.从绝热电离势(ALP)和垂直电离势(VIP)的结果发现,由于VIP与AIP差值很小,说明Nb2Si+团簇和Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)]结构的构型相同.Nb2Si团簇的AIP值具有最小值6.623eV,表明在实验上很容易得到它们的阳离子形式且在质谱中可观测到较高的峰值.对HOMO-LUMO能隙的研究表明与相应的Nb2Sin(n=1～6)团簇相比,Nb2Sin+ (n=1～6)团簇的HOMO-LUMO能级除了n=2,6外普遍增大,说明Nb2Si+团簇的化学稳定性强于Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)],并且除了Nb2Si[团簇外都是半导体性的.由Mulliken电荷布局得出团簇的总磁矩和原子局域磁矩,表明Nb2Si+团簇的总磁矩最大,为3.0μB,呈现为铁磁质.硅原子则在不同的团簇中表现为顺磁性或抗磁性.     

Nb_2 Si_n^+(n=1～6)团簇的密度泛函理论研究北大核心CSCD

运用密度泛函方法在(U)B3LYP/LanL2DZ水平上研究了Nb2Sin+(n=1～6)团簇的几何结构和电子性质.结果发现最低能Nb2Sin+团簇除了n=5,6发生了微小畸变外,其余基本保持了相应的中性Nb2Sin[(n=1～6)]团簇的结构.且除了Nb2Si+团簇外,所有的最低能结构都是自旋二重态,电子态也都为2A;由原子平均束缚能和分裂能可知,Nb2Sin+团簇的热力学稳定性比相应的Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)]强,说明失去一个电子增加了团簇的热力学稳定性.且Nb2Si3+团簇的热力学稳定性是Nb2Sin+(n=1～6)团簇中最强的.从绝热电离势(AIP)和垂直电离势(VIP)的结果发现,由于VIP与AIP差值很小,说明Nb2Sin+团簇和Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)]结构的构型相同.Nb2Si团簇的AIP值具有最小值6.623eV,表明在实验上很容易得到它们的阳离子形式且在质谱中可观测到较高的峰值.对HOMO-LUMO能隙的研究表明与相应的Nb2Sin(n=1～6)团簇相比,Nb2Sin+(n=1～6)团簇的HOMO-LUMO能级除了n=2,6外普遍增大,说明Nb2Sin+团簇的化学稳定性强于Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)],并且除了Nb2Si3+团簇外都是半导体性的.由Mulliken电荷布局得出团簇的总磁矩和原子局域磁矩,表明Nb2Si+团簇的总磁矩最大,为3.0μB,呈现为铁磁质.硅原子则在不同的团簇中表现为顺磁性或抗磁性.     

Ge_nMn(n≤8)团簇的电子结构与磁性的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论下广义梯度近似方法,对Mn掺杂Ge基半导体团簇Ge_nMn(n≤8)的结构与磁性进行了理论研究.结果表明:Ge_nMn(n≤8)的最稳定构型与相应的Ge_(n+1)团簇相似.Mn掺杂后团簇的原子平均结合能与纯锗团簇比较近似;能量二次差分表明:Ge_3Mn和Ge_5Mn团簇较相邻团簇表现出较高的稳定性;当n=1,3和6时,HMO-LUMO能隙较大,n=2时,能隙较小,说明GeMn、Ge_3Mn和Ge_6Mn具有相对较好的化学稳定性,而Ge_2Mn具有较高的化学活性.对Ge_nMn(n≤8)团簇的磁性研究发现,除Ge_8Mn的总磁矩为1μB外,其他团簇的总磁矩均为3μB,且团簇的磁性主要来源于Mn原子.     

Nb2Sin+ ( n = 1～6)团簇的密度泛函理论研究

运用密度泛函方法在在(U)B3LYP/LanL2DZ水平上研究了Nb2Sin+(n=1～6)团簇的几何结构和电子性质．结果发现最低能Nb2Sin+团簇除了n=5,6发生了微小畸变外,其余基本保持了相应的中性Nb2Sin[(n=1～6)]团簇的结构．且除了Nb2Si+团簇外,所有的最低能结构都是自旋二重态,电子态也都为2A;由原子平均束缚能和分裂能可知,Nb2Sin+团簇的热力学稳定性比相应的Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)]强,说明失去一个电子增加了团簇的热力学稳定性.且Nb2Si3+团簇的热力学稳定性是Nb2Sin+(n=1～6)团簇中最强的．从绝热电离势(AIP)和垂直电离势(VIP)的结果发现,由于VIP与AIP差值很小,说明 Nb2Sin+团簇和Nb2Sin 团簇[(n=1～6)]结构的构型相同.Nb2Si团簇的AIP值具有最小值6.623eV,表明在实验上很容易得到它们的阳离子形式且在质谱中可观测到较高的峰值．对HOMO-LUMO能隙的研究表明与相应的Nb2Sin(n=1～6)团簇相比,Nb2Sin+(n=1～6)团簇的HOMO-LUMO能级除了n=2,6外普遍增大,说明Nb2Sin+团簇的化学稳定性强于Nb2Sin团簇[(n=1～6)],并且除了Nb2Si3+团簇外都是半导体性的．由Mulliken电荷布局得出团簇的总磁矩和原子局域磁矩,表明Nb2Si+团簇的总磁矩最大,为3.0μB,呈现为铁磁质．硅原子则在不同的团簇中表现为顺磁性或抗磁性．     

RuSin±(n=1~6)团簇的几何结构、电子性质与磁性的理论研究

运用杂化密度泛函理论在(U)B3LYP/LanL2DZ水平研究了RuSi_n~±(n=1～6)团簇的几何构型、电子性质和磁性.结果发现:RuSi_n~±(n=1～6)团簇除n=5外,基本保持了RuSi_n(n=1～6)团簇的基本框架.RuSi₂~+团簇和RuSi₃~-团簇分别是RuSi_n~+和RuSi_n~-(n=1～6)团簇最低能结构中热力学稳定性最强的团簇.在RuSi_n~+和RuSi_n~-(n=1～6)团簇中Ru原子比Si原子对体系电荷贡献大.HOMO和LUMO的研究结果说明,RuSi_n~-(n=1～6)团簇的LUMO对电子没有亲和力.RuSi~+是RuSi_n~+(n=1～6)团簇中化学稳定性最强的团簇.而RuSi₅~+团簇是化学活性强弱的团簇.RuSi_n^±,0(n=1～6)团簇的极化率...     

Co_2B_n(n=1-8)团簇几何结构的密度泛函理论研究

受到小型环状和管状的双金属掺杂硼团簇的启发,采用密度泛函理论,在B3LYP/6-311+G(d)水平下对Co_2B_n(n=1-8)团簇的几何结构、相关稳定性、电子性质和磁性进行了的研究.研究结果表明:当n≤5时,团簇的最低能量结构为平面结构.当6≤n≤8时,团簇的最低能量结构为立体结构.对团簇的平均原子结合能、二阶差分能量、HOMO-LUMO能隙、垂直电子亲和能、垂直电离能和化学硬度分析结果表明,Co2B_7具有幻数特征.对Co_2B_n(n=1-8)团簇的总磁矩计算表明其和团簇的自旋态有很强的关系,而且团簇的总磁矩主要由钴原子的3d轨道所贡献.     

GenMn（n≤8）团簇的电子结构与磁性的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论下广义梯度近似方法，对Mn掺杂Ge基半导体团簇 GenMn（n≤8）的结构与磁性进行了理论研究。结果表明：GenMn（n≤8）的最稳定构型与相应的Gen+1团簇相似。Mn掺杂后团簇的原子平均结合能与纯锗团簇比较近似；能量二次差分表明：Ge3Mn和Ge5Mn团簇较相邻团簇表现出较高的稳定性；当n=1，3和6时，HMO-LUMO能隙较大，n=2时，能隙较小，说明GeMn、Ge3Mn和Ge6Mn具有相对较好的化学稳定性，而Ge2Mn具有较高的化学活性。对GenMn（n≤8）团簇的磁性研究发现，除Ge8Mn的总磁矩为1μB外，其他团簇的总磁矩均为3μB，且团簇的磁性主要来源于Mn原子。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.