Sur les m-uples F-réguliers dans les espaces projectifs complexes

Résumé On étudie dans P ⁿ les m-uples de points, appelés F-réguliers, dont les sous-triplets ordonnés sont deux à deux isométriques. On montre qu'il existe au plus deux classes d'isométrie de quintuplets F-réguliers contenant un triangle équilatère T donné. On étudie aussi les m-uples F-réguliers, dont les sous k-uples (k<m) non ordonnés sont deux à deux isométriques. Ces m-uples sont appelés k-réguliers. On montre que la 4-régularité implique la k-régularité pour tous les k5.

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We investigate in P ⁿ m-tuples of points in which all ordered triples are pairwise isometric. Such m-tuples are called F-regular. We show that for a given triangle T there exist at most two isometry classes of F-regular quintuples containing T. We also investigate F-regular m-tuples in which all (unordered) k-tuples (k<m) are pairwise isometric. Such m-tuples are called k-regular. We show that 4-regularity implies k-regularity for all k5.

     

Sur les idéaux induits dans les algèbres enveloppantes

Résumé Soient une algèbre de Lie de dimension finie et une sousalgèbre de Lie de . Je montre que l'induction, qui envoie les idéaux de l'algèbre enveloppante de dans les idéaux de l'algèbre enveloppante de , commute, à une torsion près, à l'anti-automorphisme principal. La résolution libre standard de la représentation triviale d'une algèbre de Lie joue un rôle important dans la démonstration.

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Summary Let be a finite dimensional Lie algebra, and a Lie subalgebra. I show that the induction map, between the sets of ideals in the enveloping algebras of and , commutes, up to a twisting, with the principal anti-automorphism. The standard free resolution of the trivial representation of a Lie algebra plays an important role in the proof.

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Convention. On fixe un corps commutatifk. Tous les espaces vectoriels, produits tensoriels et algèbres considérés dans cet article sont surk.

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Notations. Si g est une algèbre de Lie, on noteU(g) son algèbre enveloppante. On noteu l'anti-automorphisme principal deU(g): c'est l'antiautomorphisme tel que pourXg. Si est une forme linéaire sur g, nulle sur [g,g], on noteuu l'automorphisme deU(g) tel queX =X+(X) pourXg. Si g est de dimension finie, la fonction module de g est la forme linéaireXtradX.     

Modèles semi-factoriels et modèles de Néron

Let S be the spectrum of a discrete valuation ring with function field K. Let X be a scheme over S. We will say that X is semi-factorial over S if any invertible sheaf on the generic fiber X _K can be extended to an invertible sheaf on X. Here we show that any proper geometrically normal scheme over K admits a proper, flat, normal and semi-factorial model over S. We also construct some semi-factorial compactifications of regular S-schemes, such as Néron models of abelian varieties. The semi-factoriality property for a scheme X/S corresponds to the Néron property of its Picard functor. In particular, one can recover the Néron model of the Picard variety ${{\rm Pic}_{X_K/K,{\rm red}}^0}$ of X _K from the Picard functor Pic _X/S , as in the known case of curves. This provides some information on the relative algebraic equivalence on the S-scheme X.     

Quelques modèles asymptotiques pour les poutres purement encastrées

We present several limit models for genuinely clamped elastic beams obtained from linear three-dimensional elasticity using an asymptotic method, and we prove the existence and the uniqueness of the solution for these models. We also obtain convergence to the usual clamped beam model.     

Sur les polynomes orthogonaux dont les dérivés sont orthogononaux

Sans résumé     

Théorie du potentiel sur les produits infinis et les groupes localement compacts

Let F. be a connected amd locally connected locally compact group having a countable basis for its topology. Does E admit a translation invariant Brelot harmonic sheaf? For which E does the elliptic Bauer theory coincides with the Brelot theory for all invariant harmonic elliptic sheaves? This note announces the following solutions: (a) Any E carries invariant Brelot harmonic sheaves; (b) Any invariant elliptic Bauer harmonic elliptic sheaf is a Brelot sheaf if and only if E is a finite dimensional Lie group. These results are obtained by studying product diffusions on infinite products of manifolds. e.g.. compacts Lie groups.     

Sur les séries de Taylor et les transformations de Möbius

Given a non-empty closed subsetF of the unit circle |z|=1, and a Möbius transformationM(z) of the unit disc |z|1, such thatM(0)0, there exists a functionf(z) holomorphic in the unit disc,F being the singular set at the boundary, whose Taylor coefficients tend to zero while the Taylor coefficients off(M(z)), do not tend to zero.     

Sur les équations différentielles ordinaires et les équations de transport

We study in this Note ordinary differential equations for divergence-free vector-fields with a limited regularity. We first observe that it is equivalent to solve the associated transport equations (i.e. Liouville equations). Then, we show existence, uniqueness, and stability results for generic vector-fields in L¹ or for “piecewise” W^1.1 vector-fields.     

Sur les courbes irramifiées

Sans résuméPrésenté par G. Alexits     

Théorème de Poincaré–Alexander pour les domaines modèles

The Poincaré–Alexander Theorem states that holomorphic mappings defined on an open subset of the unit ball of ${\mathbb{C}}^n$ may, under certain conditions, be extended to a biholomorphism of the unit ball. In a complex manifold, every strongly pseudoconvex homogeneous domain is biholomorphic to the unit ball. In an almost complex manifold, the unit ball is not the only strongly pseudoconvex homogeneous domain. A strongly pseudoconvex homogeneous domain is biholomorphic to a model domain. The aim of this paper is to extend this theorem to model domains.     

Sur les ensembles linéairement connexes

Résumé Sur la droite projective, la notion de connexité est intuitive. Dans un espace projectif E_n, un ensemble est dit:linéairement connexe, si toutes ses traces sur les droites de E_n sont connexes. Deux ensembles complémentaires sont simultanément linéairement connexes ou non. On définit l'index (d'expansion linéaire intérieure) d'un ensemble linéairement connexe, possèdant des points intérieurs, comme le nombre maximum de dimensions des multiplicités linéaires qu'on peut mener à l'intérieur de l'ensemble. C'est uń nombre positif ou nul. Soient dans E_n deux ensembles complémentaires linéairement connexes possèdant chacun des points intérieurs: A_n et B_n. Leurs index respectifs α_n et β_n, satisfont à la relation: α_n + β_n +1 ≤ n. L'essentiel des résultats du Mémoire est le suivant: Si α_n et β_n sont tout deux nuls ou positifs, la frontière commune F_n, à A_n et B_n, estalgébrique et du secoud degré; si un seul est nul, F_n estconvexe, dégénérée ou non, mais pas nécessairement algébrique. Dans tous les cas la connaissance de α_n et β_n permet de préciser la nature de F_n. En particulier, si α_n + β_n +1 = n, F_n est sans singularité, et réciproquement.     

Sur les systèmes dynamiques instables

Let (X, ) be a continuous dynamical system on a locally compact spaceX with countable base. In this note we prove the equivalence of the following statements:

Sur les extensions purement inséparables

If K/k is a finite purely inseparable extension of fields, we are interested in the factorizations of K as a tensor product over k of intermediates fields of K/k. We introduce the notion of e-factorization that generalizes the notion of modular factorization. Contrary to modular factorization, K/k has always an e-factorization and its factors, when their number is maximum, are quasi-invariants.Received: 4 April 2002     

Caractérisation des distributions gaussiennes sur les groupes nilpotents simplement connexes et les espaces symétriques

For simply connected nilpotent Lie groups, we show that a probability measure is gaussian in the sense of Bernstein (for a definition thereof which in a natural way involves non-commutativity) iff it is a gaussian measure in the classical sense concentrated on an abelian subgroup. Furthermore we carry over the Skitovic̆-Darmois theorem to symmetric spaces of non-compact type.     

Sur les bornes d'erreur a posteriori pour les éléments propres d'opérateurs linéaires

Summary The theoretical framework of this study is presented in Sect. 1, with a review of practical numerical methods. The linear operatorT and its approximationT _n are defined in the same Banach space, which is a very common situation. The notion of strong stability forT _n is essential and cannot be weakened without introducing a numerical instability [2]. IfT (or its inverse) is compact, most numerical methods are strongly stable. Without compactness forT(T ^–1) they may not be strongly stable [20].In Sect. 2 we establish error bounds valid in the general setting of a strongly stable approximation of a closedT. This is a generalization of Vainikko [24, 25] (compact approximation). Osborn [19] (uniform and collectivity compact approximation) and Chatelin and Lemordant [6] (strong approximation), based on the equivalence between the eigenvalues convergence with preservation of multiplicities and the collectively compact convergence of spectral projections. It can be summarized in the following way: , eigenvalue ofT of multiplicitym is approximated bym numbers, _n is their arithmetic mean.- _n and the gap between invariant subspaces are of order _n =(T-T _n)P. IfT _n ^* converges toT ^*, pointwise inX ^*, the principal term in the error on - _n is . And for projection methods, withT _n= _n T, we get the bound . It applies to the finite element method for a differential operator with a noncompact resolvent. Aposteriori error bounds are given, and thegeneralized Rayleigh quotient TP _n appears to be an approximation of of the second order, as in the selfadjoint case [12].In Sect. 3, these results are applied to the Galerkin method and its Sloan variant [22], and to approximate quadrature methods. The error bounds and the generalized Rayleigh quotient are numerically tested in Sect. 4.

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Sur les bornes d'erreur a posteriori pour les éléments propres d'opérateurs linéaires