Exact correlated kinetic energy related to the electron density for two-electron model atoms with harmonic confinement

For arbitrary interparticle interaction u(r₁₂), the model two-electron atom in the title is shown to be such that the ground-state electron density ρ(r) is determined uniquely by the correlated kinetic energy density t_R(r) of the relative motion. Explicit results for t_R(r) are presented for the Hookean atom with force constant k=1/4, and also for . Possible relevance of the Hookean atom treatment to the ground state of the helium atom itself is briefly discussed.     

Materials with a desired refraction coefficient can be made by embedding small particles

A method is proposed to create materials with a desired refraction coefficient, possibly negative one. The method consists of embedding into a given material small particles. Given n₀(x), the refraction coefficient of the original material in a bounded domain , and a desired refraction coefficient n(x), one calculates the number N(x) of small particles, to be embedded in D around a point xD per unit volume of D, in order that the resulting new material has refraction coefficient n(x).     

A point source solution for unidirectional flow of a viscoelastic fluid

A Fourier point source solution modelling the effect of an impulse on a viscoelastic fluid of second-grade is investigated. By examining the second-moment of a Fourier point source solution we show that for Dt1, where D=ν/ for ν the kinematic viscosity, a viscoelastic parameter and t the time; the fluid undergoes superdiffusion indicating the dominance of the fluids viscoelastic properties. For Dt1 the fluid undergoes classical diffusion indicating that the viscous properties of the fluid are dominating.     

Dynamics and statistics study of rings formed by magnetic balls

The statistical distribution and stability of the ring structure formed by magnetic balls without a magnetic field are studied experimentally and theoretically. Experimental results show that the ring structure of the magnetic balls that are contacted one by one can easily appear. We tested 500 samples to count the probability, P(N), of the appearance of the rings and found that the number of balls, N, in a ring is limited only in the region from 4 to 20. The dependence of the probability, P(N), on the number of balls, N, follows a Poisson-like distribution. The origin of this Poisson distribution is disclosed by the statistics. Based on the classical “spin dynamics + molecular dynamics”, the stability of the ring structure was also investigated. The peak of function P(N) vs. N at 9 and the non-existence of rings with N=3 and N>20 is shown. An internal scaling relation between P(N) and the critical field h_c(N) for breaking the ring is found.     

The finite-size scaling study of the specific heat and the Binder parameter for the six-dimensional Ising model

The six-dimensional Ising model with nearest-neighbor pair interactions is simulated on the Creutz cellular automaton by using the finite-size lattices with the linear dimensions L=4,6,8,10. The temperature variations and the finite-size scaling plots of the specific heat and Binder parameter verify the theoretically predicted expression near the infinite lattice critical temperature. The approximate values for the critical temperature of the infinite lattice T_C=10.838(1), T_C=10.836(20) and T_C=10.835(1) are obtained from the intersection points of specific heat curves, Binder parameter curves and the straight line fit of specific heat maxima, respectively. These results are in agreement with the more precise value of T_C=10.835(5). The value obtained for the critical exponent of the specific heat, i.e., =0.012(2) is also in agreement with =0 predicted by the theory.     

Peakon, compacton and loop excitations with periodic behavior in KdV type models related to Schrödinger system

In this Letter, the linear variable separation approach is successfully extended to (1+1)-dimensional Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) type models related to Schrödinger system. Some significant types of solitons such as compacton, peakon and loop solutions with periodic behavior are simultaneously derived from the (1+1)-dimensional soliton system by entrancing appropriate piecewise smooth functions and multivalued functions.     

Search for intermediate mass magnetic monopoles and nuclearites with the SLIM experiment

SLIM is a large area experiment (440 m²) installed at the Chacaltaya cosmic ray laboratory since 2001, and about 100 m² at Koksil, Himalaya, since 2003. It is devoted to the search for intermediate mass magnetic monopoles (10⁷–10¹³ GeV/c²) and nuclearites in the cosmic radiation using stacks of CR-39 and Makrofol nuclear track detectors. In four years of operation it will reach a sensitivity to a flux of about 10^-15 cm^-2 s^-1 sr^-1. We present the results of the calibration of CR-39 and Makrofol and the analysis of a first sample of the exposed detector.     

: Hadronic molecules in effective field theory

We consider the implications from the possibility that the recently observed state X(3872) is a meson–antimeson molecule. We write an effective Lagrangian consistent with the heavy-quark and chiral symmetries needed to describe X(3872). We explore the consequences of the assumption that X(3872) is a molecular bound state of D^*0 and mesons for the existence of bound states in the and channels.     

The new multiplet, heavy baryon mass predictions, meson–baryon universality and effective supersymmetry in hadron spectrum

The recent measurement by CDF M(Σ_b)−M(Λ_b)=192 MeV is in striking agreement with our theoretical prediction M(Σ_b)−M(Λ_b)=194 MeV. In addition, the measured splitting agrees well with the predicted splitting of 22 MeV. We point out the connection between these predictions and an effective supersymmetry between mesons and baryons related by replacing a light antiquark by a light diquark. We discuss the theoretical framework behind these predictions and use it to provide additional predictions for the masses of spin- and spin- baryons containing heavy quarks, as well as for magnetic moments of Λ_b and Λ_c.     

Correlators of matrix models on homogeneous spaces

We investigate the correlators of TrA_μA_ν in matrix models on homogeneous spaces: S² and S²×S². Their expectation value is a good order parameter to measure the geometry of the space on which non-commutative gauge theory is realized. They also serve as the Wilson lines which carry the minimum momentum. We develop an efficient procedure to calculate them through 1PI diagrams. We determine the large N scaling behavior of the correlators. The order parameter shows that fuzzy S²×S² acquires a 4-dimensional fractal structure in contrast to fuzzy S². We also find that the two point functions exhibit logarithmic scaling violations.     

Near tribimaximal neutrino mixing with symmetry

The discrete subgroup Δ(27) of SU(3) has the interesting multiplication rule , which is used to obtain near tribimaximal neutrino mixing. Using present neutrino oscillation data as input, this model predicts that the effective mass m_ee measured in neutrinoless double beta decay will be 0.14 eV.     

Lower hybrid current drive experiments with graphite limiters in the HT-7 superconducting tokamak

Recent progress of lower hybrid (LH) experiments with new graphite limiters configuration in the HT-7 tokamak is presented. The lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) efficiency can be determined by fitting based on experimental data. Improved particle confinement was observed via LHCD (P_LHW>300 kW) characterized by the particle confinement time τ_p increased about 1.56 times. It is found that runaways are suppressed during loop voltage is decreasing at the flat-top phase of LH discharges. The main limitations of pulse length are presented in long-pulse experiments with new limiter configuration.     

Measurement of indoor radon levels in Erbil capital by using solid state nuclear track detectors

Radon alpha activity concentration has been measured in 28 homes in the Erbil Capital-Iraqi Kurdistan region during the autumn season by using time-integrated passive radon dosimeters containing CR-39 solid state nuclear track detectors “SSNTDs”. The radon activity concentrations in these homes range from (10.33–90.34) with an average of . The average absorption effective dose equivalent for a person living in homes for which the investigation were done was found to be , obtained by using an equilibrium factor of 0.5 and an occupancy factor of 0.8. The average lung cancer cases per year per 10⁶ person was found to be 23±12.     

Discrete symmetry and CP phase of the quark mixing matrix

A simple specific pattern of the two 3×3 quark mass matrices is proposed, resulting in a prediction of the CP phase of the charged-current mixing matrix V_CKM, i.e., sin2₁(β)=0.733, which is in remarkable agreement with data, i.e., sin2₁=0.728±0.056±0.023 from Belle and sin2β=0.722±0.040±0.023 from BaBar. This pattern can be maintained by a discrete family symmetry, an example of which is D₇, the symmetry group of the heptagon.     

Corner bifurcations in non-smoothly forced impact oscillators

We consider an impacting mechanical system in which a particle at position u(t) impacts with a periodically moving obstacle at position z(t), the motion of which is non-smooth. In particular we look at corner events when u impacts with z very close to a point where z loses smoothness. We show that this leads, through a corner bifurcation, to complex dynamics in u which can include periodic orbits of arbitrary period and period-adding cascades. By analysing associated maps close to the corner event, we show that this dynamics can be understood in terms of the iterations of a two-dimensional, piecewise linear, discontinuous map. We also show some links between this analysis and the difficult problem of understanding the motion of three objects which may have simultaneous impacts.     

All-optical diode in an asymmetrically apodized Kerr nonlinear microresonator system

We show numerically that a Kerr nonlinear system composed of two channel waveguides coupled periodically by circular microresonators can be used as an all optical diode. The diode has low intensity requirements (50 MW/cm²) and compact dimensions (100  m).     

Loop states in lattice gauge theory

We reformulate d-dimensional SU(2) lattice gauge theory in terms of gauge invariant loop state variables by solving the SU(2) Gauss law as well as the corresponding Mandelstam constraints. The loop states satisfying the Gauss law and the Mandelstam constraints in d dimension are explicitly constructed in terms of the SU(2) harmonic oscillator prepotential operators. We show that these mutually independent (orthonormal) loop states carry certain non-negative integer Abelian fluxes over the lattice links and are characterized by 3(d−1) gauge invariant angular momentum quantum numbers per lattice site. Thus, they provide a complete orthonormal loop basis in the physical Hilbert space of the gauge theory. Further, we derive the loop Hamiltonian and show that it counts, creates and annihilates the Abelian fluxes over the plaquettes. The generalization to SU(N) gauge group is discussed.     

On localized tachyon condensation in and

We study some aspects of localized tachyon condensation on non-supersymmetric orbifolds of the form C²/Z_n and C³/Z_n. We discuss the gauged linear sigma models for these orbifolds. We show how several features of the decay of orbifolds of C³ can be realised in terms of orbifolds of C².     

Modelling interstellar extinction and polarization with spheroidal grains

We calculate the wavelength dependence of the ratio of the linear polarization degree to extinction (polarizing efficiency) P(λ)/A(λ) from the ultraviolet to near-infrared. The prolate and oblate particles with aspect ratios from a/b=1.1 up to 10 are assumed to be rotating and partially aligned with the mechanism of paramagnetic relaxation (Davis–Greenstein). Size/shape/orientation effects are analyzed. It is found that the wavelength dependence of P(λ)/A(λ) is mainly determined by the particle composition and size whereas the values of P(λ)/A(λ) depend on the particle shape, degree and direction of alignment.     

A texture for neutrino oscillations and leptogenesis

In an economical system with only two heavy right-handed neutrinos, we postulate a new texture for 3×2 Dirac mass matrix m_D. This model implies one massless light neutrino and thus displays only two patterns of mass spectrum for light neutrinos, namely hierarchical or inverse-hierarchical. Both the cases can correctly reproduce all the current neutrino oscillation data with a unique prediction and for the hierarchical and the inverse-hierarchical cases, respectively, which can be tested in next generation neutrino-less double beta decay experiments. Introducing a single physical CP phase in m_D, we examine baryon asymmetry through leptogenesis. Interestingly, through the CP phase there are correlations between the amount of baryon asymmetry and neutrino oscillation parameters. We find that for a fixed CP phase, the hierarchical case also succeeds in generating the observed baryon asymmetry in our universe, plus a non-vanishing U_e3 which is accessible in future baseline neutrino oscillation experiments.