Biorthogonal bases of compactly supported wavelets

Orthonormal bases of compactly supported wavelet bases correspond to subband coding schemes with exact reconstruction in which the analysis and synthesis filters coincide. We show here that under fairly general conditions, exact reconstruction schemes with synthesis filters different from the analysis filters give rise to two dual Riesz bases of compactly supported wavelets. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for biorthogonality of the corresponding scaling functions, and we present a sufficient conditions for the decay of their Fourier transforms. We study the regularity of these biorthogonal bases. We provide several families of examples, all symmetric (corresponding to “linear phase” filters). In particular we can construct symmetric biorthogonal wavelet bases with arbitraily high preassigned regularity; we also show how to construct symmetric biorthogonal wavelet bases “close” to a (nonsymmetric) orthonormal basis.     

Optimally matched wavelets

Several applications require to retrieve a certain pattern from a signal where the actual scaling of the pattern is not known before. We consider applications like evaluation of mass spectrograms, detection of component wearout by observing the current of an engine, detection of pollutions of rotor spinning machines, decomposition of (audio) signals into time‐frequency atoms. We try to solve this problem with discrete wavelet transforms where the wavelet function is constructed to match the given pattern. An approach for a biorthogonal basis constructed by the lifting scheme is presented. This method is rather simple and fast and allows the choice of the smoothness at least of the primal wavelet in a very natural way. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Biorthogonal M-band filter construction using the lifting scheme

The lifting scheme has been proposed as a new idea for the construction of 2-band compactly supported wavelets with compactly-supported duals. The basic idea behind the lifting scheme is that it provides a simple relationship between all multiresolution analyses sharing the same scaling function. It is therefore possible to obtain custom-designed compactly supported wavelets with required regularity, vanishing moments, shape, etc. In this work, we generalize the lifting scheme for the construction of compactly-supported biorthogonal M-band filters. As in the previous case, we used the flexibility of the scheme to exploit the degree of freedom left after satisfying the perfect-reconstruction conditions in order to obtain finite filters with some interesting properties, such as vanishing moments, symmetry, shape, etc., or that satisfy certain optimality requests required for particular applications. Moreover, for these lifted biorthogonal M-band filters, we give an analysis-synthesis algorithm which is more efficient than the standard algorithm realized with filters with similar compression capabilities. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

A Method for the Construction of Families of Biorthogonal Filters with Prescribed Properties

Some necessary and sufficient conditions are given in order to obtain biorthogonal wavelet filters with properties which are usually required in applications, such as symmetry and regularity order, by appropriately choosing the parameters in the lifting scheme. A special class of filters extending the biorthogonal B-spline filters is then proposed and analyzed.     

Construction of Biorthogonal Multiwavelets Using the Lifting Scheme

The lifting scheme has been found to be a flexible method for constructing scalar wavelets with desirable properties. Here it is extended to the construction of multiwavelets. It is shown that any set of compactly supported biorthogonal multiwavelets can be obtained from the Lazy matrix filters with a finite number of lifting steps. As an illustration of the general theory, compactly supported biorthogonal multiwavelets with optimum time–frequency resolution are constructed. In addition, experimental results of applying these multiwavelets to image compression are presented.     

三元双正交小波滤波器的刻画

研究由三元双正交插值尺度函数构造对应的双正交小波滤波器的矩阵扩充问题.当给定的一对三元双正交尺度函数中有一个为插值函数时,利用提升思想与矩阵多相分解方法,给出一类三元双正交小波滤波器的显示构造公式和一个计算实例.讨论了三元双正交小波包的的性质.     

关于小波正则性的几个问题

本文给出了确定尺度函数正则指数的一个公式,证明了正交的四系数滤波中Daubechies小波正则性最优,并结合B-样条对应的双正交滤波,应用提升格式,增加对偶小波的正则性.     

Fast integral wavelet transform on a dense set of the time-scale domain

Summary. The objective of this paper is to introduce a fast algorithm for computing the integral wavelet transform (IWT) on a dense set of points in the time-scale domain. By applying the duality principle and using a compactly supported spline-wavelet as the analyzing wavelet, this fast integral wavelet transform (FIWT) is realized by applying only FIR (moving average) operations, and can be implemented in parallel. Since this computational procedure is based on a local optimal-order spline interpolation scheme and the FIR filters are exact, the IWT values so obtained are guaranteed to have zero moments up to the order of the cardinal spline functions. The semi-orthogonal (s.o.) spline-wavelets used here cannot be replaced by any other biorthogonal wavelet (spline or otherwise) which is not s.o., since the duality principle must be applied to some subspace of the multiresolution analysis under consideration. In contrast with the existing procedures based on direct numerical integration or an FFT-based multi-voice per octave scheme, the computational complexity of our FIWT algorithm does not increase with the increasing number of values of the scale parameter. Received March 3, 1994     

A robust chaotic algorithm for digital image steganography

This paper proposes a new robust chaotic algorithm for digital image steganography based on a 3-dimensional chaotic cat map and lifted discrete wavelet transforms. The irregular outputs of the cat map are used to embed a secret message in a digital cover image. Discrete wavelet transforms are used to provide robustness. Sweldens’ lifting scheme is applied to ensure integer-to-integer transforms, thus improving the robustness of the algorithm. The suggested scheme is fast, efficient and flexible. Empirical results are presented to showcase the satisfactory performance of our proposed steganographic scheme in terms of its effectiveness (imperceptibility and security) and feasibility. Comparison with some existing transform domain steganographic schemes is also presented.     

Parameter lifting schemes of wavelet decompositions

Results of the study of lifting schemes for wavelet decompositions of discrete periodic signals are presented. Direct and dual lifting transforms of discrete periodic signals are introduced on the basis of discrete spline-interpolations. These transforms depend on control functions. We get an inversion formula which yields a wavelet signal decomposition. Conditions on control functions that guarantee that the decompositions of real signals are real are given. The dimension of the set of such control functions is determined. Some additional properties of basis signals of lifting decompositions depending on properties of control functions are also clarified. Bibliography: 13 titles. Illustrations: 7 figures.     

二进小波的构造方法研究

提出两种二进小波的构造方法.首先,将Mallat构造的B-样条二进小波推广得到一种构造B-样条二进小波的新方法;其次,基于二进提升方案提出构造二进小波的另一种新方法—–构造定理,并通过调整定理中提升参数的形式、以新的B-样条二进小波作为初始二进小波,具体构造了具有有限长单位脉冲响应、高阶消失矩、线性相位的提升二进小波,这些提升二进小波不能由Sweldens提升方案得到.     

Wavelet Filtering for Filtered Backprojection in Computed Tomography

In this paper, we present a characterization of MRA biorthogonal wavelet filters with full frequency supports. Based on this characterization, it is established that wavelet ramp filters are biorthogonal wavelets if the original wavelets are sufficiently regular. An efficient subband coding algorithm is developed for wavelet filtering in filtered backprojection, which is the most popular method in computed tomography (CT). Computer simulation suggests that this wavelet filtering process is a useful tool for improving image quality and reducing computational time in local CT reconstruction.     

离散超小波变换下双正交小波谱分析

我们研究发现，在离散超小波变换下双正交小波谱是有界的．并且任何一个双正交小波变换的谱不可能分布在1附近的某个区间内，并给出了该区间的一个估计．     

Factoring wavelet transforms into lifting steps

This article is essentially tutorial in nature. We show how any discrete wavelet transform or two band subband filtering with finite filters can be decomposed into a finite sequence of simple filtering steps, which we call lifting steps but that are also known as ladder structures. This decomposition corresponds to a factorization of the polyphase matrix of the wavelet or subband filters into elementary matrices. That such a factorization is possible is well-known to algebraists (and expressed by the formulaSL(n;R[z, z⁻¹])=E(n;R[z, z⁻¹])); it is also used in linear systems theory in the electrical engineering community. We present here a self-contained derivation, building the decomposition from basic principles such as the Euclidean algorithm, with a focus on applying it to wavelet filtering. This factorization provides an alternative for the lattice factorization, with the advantage that it can also be used in the biorthogonal, i.e., non-unitary case. Like the lattice factorization, the decomposition presented here asymptotically reduces the computational complexity of the transform by a factor two. It has other applications, such as the possibility of defining a wavelet-like transform that maps integers to integers. Research Tutorial Acknowledgements and Notes. Page 264.     

正交小波变换的向量空间算法

本文揭示了一个事实，小波不仅可构成Ｌ２空间中的正交基，小波分解与重构滤波还可产生Ｎ维空间中的正交基．在本文提出修改的小波变换算法之下，Ｎ点信号的小波变换等价于Ｎ维空间中的正交变换．用该算法进行信号或图象压缩，无需对信号或图象进行周期延拓，可严格地在Ｎ维空间中进行．     

适应于图像压缩的11/9小波基构造

根据正交多分辨分析理论,利用求解低通和高通滤波的系数,可构造出多种正交小波.但正交小波中只有Haar小波满足对称性,这不适合在图像处理方面的应用.在提升格式的小波变换出现之前,小波分解通过Mallat算法来完成,而提升格式的小波有显著的优点,运算量少,不同小波运算量减少程度不一样,一般减少在25%到50%之间.文章根据双正交对称紧支集小波的消失矩、对称性、短支撑等一系列条件和其他构造原理,构造出一个适应图像压缩的11/9双正交提升小波,并满足Cohen-Daubechies准则.同时,为了便于小波变换的硬件实现,最佳的状态是,分解和重构滤波系数为二进制分数,且根据不同参数取值,让子带编码增益G_(SBC)达到最大.     

离散积分小波变换的快速算法

本文讨论了积分小波变换的快速算法,通过尺度函数与小波间的二尺度关系,导出了一个实现积分小波变换的快速计算方法及相应滤波器的构造方法。     

利用提升格式构造稳定的对偶小波

近年来 ,产生了一种称为“提升格式”的新的小波构造方法 [7,8,9] ,它从一个较简单的多尺度分析 (MRA)出发 ,利用尺度函数相同的多尺度分析之间的相互关系 ,逐步地得到所需性质的多尺度分析 .本文仅考虑双正交滤波的提升格式 .当选定一初始双正交滤波后 ,利用提升格式构造的双正交滤波仍是双正交的 ,而这双正交滤波能否生成双正交小波 Riesz基即稳定的对偶小波 ?更进一步 ,如何从一些较为简单的不能生成双正交小波 Riesz基的双正交滤波出发 ,利用提升格式构造出具有 Riesz基性质的双正交滤波 ?这在目前有关提升格式的文章中没作回答 .本…     

用提升方法设计三带自适应双正交滤波器组

自适应滤波器组设计是多速率滤波器组理论和应用的一个重要方面.由于其频率响应更好地匹配于输入信号的统计特性,这类滤波器组可获得更大的子带编码增益.研究了用提升方法设计三带自适应双正交滤波器组,给出了设计算法.最后,给出例子,说明其子带编码增益明显提高.