Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲铅锌镧玻璃的能量传递和上转换发光

制备了Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺共掺TeO₂-PbO-ZnO-La₂O₃玻璃，研究了玻璃红外吸收光谱和980 nm激光抽运下上转换发光光谱，分析了上转换发光机制.基于Tm³⁺和Yb³⁺的能级图及上转换机制建立了速率方程，得出了稀土离子各能级的粒子数分布密度以及Tm³⁺与Yb³⁺之间的能量转移系数C_bi(i=0, 1,3).结果表明，随着PbO加入，Yb³⁺:²F_5/2与Tm³⁺:³H₄间的能量转移不断增加，上转换蓝光的发光强度明显增强. 关键词： 碲酸盐玻璃 上转换发光 能量传递 速率方程     

Tm3+/Yb3+共掺氧卤碲酸盐玻璃上转换发光研究

研究了Tm3+/Yb3+共掺氧卤碲酸盐玻璃的上转换发光光谱,分析了TmO3量对Tm3+/Yb3+共掺氧卤碲酸盐玻璃上转换发光的影响机理.结果表明:在Tm3+/Yb3+共掺氧卤碲酸盐玻璃的上转换发光中,Tm3+存在较强的浓度猝灭效应.随Tm2O3含量增加,Tm3+的上转换蓝光和红光强度先增加,后降低,在0.1 mol% Tm2O3达到最大.该结果有助于进一步提高Tm3+的上转换发光效率.     

卤化铅调整Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃上转换发光研究

研究了卤化铅调整Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃的热稳定性能、Raman光谱和上转换发光光谱,分析了Tm3+/Yb3+共掺氧卤碲酸盐玻璃的上转换发光机理.结果发现:混合卤化铅调整Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃具有好的热稳定性能、低的声子能量、强的上转换蓝光.这表明混合卤化铅调整Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃是一种上转换蓝光激光器的潜在基质材料.     

Tm3+/Ho3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃的2.0μm发光特性及能量传递

研究了Tm3+/Ho3+共掺TeO2-WO3-ZnO玻璃在808 nm激光二极管抽运下的2.0μm发光特性及Tm3+与Ho3+之间的能量传递.应用Judd-Ofelt理论计算了Ho3+在碲酸盐玻璃中的谱线强度参量Ωt(t=2,4,6)、自发辐射概率Ar、辐射寿命τr等.计算了Ho3+的吸收截面σa(λ)和受激发射截面σa(λ).结果表明:碲酸盐玻璃中Tm3+→Ho3+正向能量传递系数大约是Tm3+←Ho3+反向能量传递系数的18倍.Ho3+离子的5I7能级的寿命为3.9 ms,2.0 μm处的最大发射截面为9.15×10-21cm2.在O.5 mol%Tm2O3和0.15 mol%Ho2O3共掺的碲酸盐玻璃中能获得2.0μm的最大增益.通过比较氟化物、碲酸盐和镓铋酸盐重金属氧化物等玻璃中Ho3+的量子效率η,σe×τm值和增益系数G(λ)等,发现Tm3+/Ho3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃是一种理想的2.0μm激光器用基质玻璃.     

Tm3+/Yb3+共掺铋碲酸盐玻璃中的高效蓝色上转换荧光

制备了高折射率Tm3+/Yb3+共掺杂铋碲酸盐玻璃,利用棱镜耦合法测量出玻璃在632.8和1550 nm波长处的折射率分别为2.0365和1.9795. 对玻璃的吸收、荧光和红外透过光谱展开了测试与分析,根据Judd-Ofelt理论对吸收光谱进行拟合,求得Tm3+的振子强度参数Ωt(t=2,4,6)分别为3.90×10-20, 2.03×10-20和9.03×10-21 cm2,并进一步计算了Tm3+在玻璃中各能级跃迁的振子强度、自发辐射跃迁概率、辐射寿命和荧光分支比等光谱参数. 在980 nm激光激发下测得强的蓝色三光子上转换和近红外双光子上转换荧光. 宽的红外透过窗口、高的折射率和强的蓝色上转换荧光表明,Tm3+/Yb3+共掺铋碲酸盐玻璃有希望成为高效的上转换发光和激光材料.     

Ag纳米晶对Tm/Yb共掺碲酸盐玻璃上转换发光性能的影响

在稀土离子掺杂碲酸盐玻璃中引入Ag纳米晶,通过等离子共振(SPR)可使荧光发射得到增强,上转换发光效率得到明显提升。研究了Ag纳米晶对Tm3+/Yb3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃上转换发光的影响,分析了上转换发光机理。结果发现,经过(330℃,30 min)热处理后,玻璃中析出了Ag纳米颗粒,尺寸为5～8 nm。Ag纳米晶的引入可使玻璃上转换蓝、红光由三光子吸收转变为双光子吸收。由于局域场表面等离子体共振增强以及Ag与Tm3+之间的能量转移,使得含Ag纳米晶玻璃的荧光强度比不含Ag纳米晶的玻璃提高了约5倍。     

Er3+/Yb3+共掺杂铋酸盐玻璃的上转换发光和能量传递

用高温熔融法制备了Er³⁺/Yb³⁺共掺杂的45Bi₂O₃-45GeO₂-10PbO玻璃,对玻璃样品进行了光谱测试,分析了上转换发光机制和Yb³⁺→Er³⁺的能量传递效率。通过Yb³⁺离子浓度对Er³⁺离子在铋酸盐玻璃中的上转换荧光强度影响的研究,得到Er³⁺质量分数为0.5%以及Yb³⁺质量分数为2.5%时上转换发光强度最大。研究结果表明,在970nm泵浦激发下,Er³⁺/Yb³⁺共掺杂B₄₅G₄₅P₁₀玻璃在532,545,673nm处产生较强的上转换绿光和红光,是一种较为理想的上转换发光基质材料。     

Yb3+敏化的Er3+/Ho3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃的上转换发光研究

用高温熔融法制备了系列Er3+/Yb3+共掺,Ho3+/Yb3+共掺,和Er3+/Yb3+/Ho3+三掺碲酸盐玻璃,在975 nm激光抽运下三种掺杂玻璃中都出现了较强的绿光和红光上转换.研究了Yb3+离子对Er3+和Ho3+离子上转换发光强度的影响以及Yb3+→Er3+,Yb3+→Ho3+能量传递效率.分析了碲酸盐玻璃中Yb3+直接敏化Er3+,Ho3+上转换发光机理.当Er3+和Ho3+浓度较低时,Er3+/Yb3+/Ho3+三掺玻璃的上转换强度随着Yb3+离子浓度的增加而增强,出现的548 nm绿光和660 nm红光主要是由于Er3+:4S3/2→4I15/2,Ho3+:5F4(5S2)→5I8和Er3+:4F9/2→4I15/2,Ho3+:5F5→5I8跃迁共同作用的结果.Er3+/Yb3+/Ho3+三掺碲酸盐玻璃的上转换机理受Er3+/Yb3+之间,Ho3+/Yb3+之间,Er3+/Ho3+之间三者共同相互作用影响,Er3+/Ho3+离子间存在的交叉弛豫过程可增加Ho3+离子在可见光范围的上转换强度.     

970nm抽运下Er3+/Yb3+/Tm3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃的发光特性

研究了Er3+/Yb3+共掺、Tm3+/Yb3+共掺、Er3+/Yb3+/Tm3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃在970nm抽运下的荧光光谱和上转换光谱性质，测试了Er3+离子的4I11/2和4I13/2能级荧光寿命变化情况.结果发现Er3+/Yb3+/Tm3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃的常规荧光谱线在1450—1700nm区域明显加宽，并在1630nm有一荧光峰，可能是Tm3+：1G4→3F2跃迁产生.上转换发光研究表明，由于碲酸盐玻璃声子能量低的缘故，三种共掺系统下都存在上转换发光现象.在Er3+/Yb3+/Tm3+共掺中，上转 关键词： Er3+/Yb3+/ Tm3+共掺 碲酸盐玻璃 荧光 上转换光谱     

Yb3+敏化Tm3+掺杂氧卤碲酸盐玻璃的上转换发光研究

研究了Yb2O3浓度对Tm3 /Yb3 共掺氧卤碲酸盐玻璃的上转换发光的影响,分析了上转换发光机理。结果发现,通过980 nm的激光二极管激发,在室温下同时观察到强烈的蓝光(475 nm)和微弱的红光(649 nm),分别是由于Tm3 离子1G4→3H6和1G4→3F4跃迁产生的;上转换机理分析表明,上转换蓝光和红光都是由于双光子吸收过程。随Yb2O3浓度增加,Yb3 离子寿命降低,Yb3 到Tm3 的能量转移效率增加,上转换蓝光和红光强度先增加,在Yb2O3摩尔比为3时达到最大,然后降低。分析认为,Yb3 的浓度猝灭主要是由于3H4(Tm3 )→2F5/2(Yb3 )反向能量转移的结果。结果表明Yb3 敏化Tm3 掺杂氧卤碲酸盐玻璃是一种上转换蓝光激光器的潜在基质材料。     

Energy transfer and upconversion luminescence in Tm/Yb co-doped lanthanum-zinc-lead-tellurite glasses

A series of Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped lanthanum-zinc-lead-tellurite (TPZL) glasses pumped by a 980 nm laser diode (LD) were demonstrated to obtain a high efficiency of infrared-to-visible upconversion. Effects of PbO content on the thermal stability, structure and upconversion properties of Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped TPZL glasses had been investigated. The efficient visible upconversion fluorescences corresponding to the ¹G₄→³H₆, ¹G₄→³F₄ and ³H₄→³H₆ transitions of Tm³⁺ were observed under 980 nm excitation. The upconversion intensities of blue, red and near infrared emissions in Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped TPZL glasses were obviously enhanced with increasing PbO content. The dependence of upconversion intensities on excitation power and the possible upconversion mechanisms had been evaluated by a proper rate equation model. Population density in different levels and coefficients of the energy transfer rate C_Di (i=2, 4, 6) between Tm³⁺ and Yb³⁺ were estimated by fitting the simulated curves to the measured ones. The obtained three energy transfer coefficients C_D2, C_D4, and C_D6 were determined to be 5.7×10⁻¹⁷, 1.3×10⁻¹⁶ and 8.6×10⁻¹⁷ cm³/s, respectively.     

Blue upconversion luminescence in Tm3+/Yb3+ co-doped new oxyfluoride tellurite glass

The thermal stability, Raman spectrum and upconversion properties of Tm3+/Yb3+ co-doped new oxyfluoride tellurite glass are investigated. The results show that Tm3+/Yb3+ co-doped oxyfluoride tellurite glass possesses good thermal stability, lower phonon energy, and intense upconversion blue luminescence. Under 980-nm laser diode (LD) excitation, the intense blue (475 nm) emission and weak red (649 nm) emission corresponding to the 1G4 → 3H6 and 1G4 → 3F4 transitions of Tm3+ ions respectively,were simultaneously observed at room temperature. The possible upconversion mechanisms are evaluated.The intense blue upconversion luminescence of Tm3+/Yb3+ co-doped oxyfluoride tellurite glass can be used as potential host material for the development of blue upconversion optical devices.     

Upconversion luminescence in Tm3+/Yb3+co-doped lead tungstate tellurite glasses

This work reports the upconversion luminescence properties of Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺ ions in lead tungstate tellurite (LTT) glasses. Judd–Oflet intensity parameters have been obtained from the absorption band intensities of Tm³⁺ singly-doped and Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped LTT glasses. The spontaneous emission probabilities, radiative lifetimes and branching ratios for ¹G₄ and ³H₄ emission levels of Tm³⁺ have been determined. Upconversion luminescence has been observed by exciting the samples at 980 nm (Yb³⁺:²F_7/2→²F_5/2) at room temperature. Four upconversion emission bands corresponding to the ¹G₄→³H₆ (477 nm), ¹G₄→³F₄ (651 nm), ¹G₄→³H₅ (702 nm) and ³H₄→³H₆ (810 nm) transitions have been identified. The relative variation in the intensities of upconversion bands, the different channels responsible for upconversion spectra and the effect of Yb³⁺ ions concentration on the upconversion luminescence of Tm³⁺ ions have also been discussed.     

Yb3+/Ho3+/Tm3+共掺碲酸盐玻璃的上转换白光发射及其机理研究

采用高温熔融法分别制备了Yb3+/Ho3+,Yb3+/Tm3+和Yb3+/Ho3+/Tm3+共掺的碲酸盐玻璃。在980nm红外激光激发下,Yb3+/Ho3+/Tm3+共掺的玻璃样品显示了强的蓝光、绿光和红光发射,分别对应于Tm3+的1 G4→3 H6跃迁、Ho3+的5 F4(5 S2)→5I 8跃迁以及Ho3+的5 F5→5I 8和Tm3+的1 G4→3 F4跃迁。通过对比发现,Yb3+/Ho3+/Tm3+共掺样品中的红、绿光积分发射强度比值(3.95)明显大于Yb3+/Ho3+共掺样品(1.69),这是由于Ho3+和Tm3+间存在交叉弛豫过程3 H4(Tm3+)+5I 6(Ho3+)→3 F4(Tm3+)+5 F5(Ho3+)和3 F4(Tm3+)+5I 8(Ho3+)→3 H6(Tm3+)+5I 7(Ho3+)所致。在激发功率密度为8.2 W.cm-2时,Yb3+/Ho3+/Tm3+共掺样品的上转换发光色坐标值为x=0.345,y=0.338,非常接近于等能白光(x=0.333,y=0.333)。     

Intense frequency upconversion fluorescence of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped lithium-strontium-lead-bismuth glasses

Infrared-to-visible upconversion fluorescence of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped lithium-strontium-lead-bismuth (LSPB) glasses for developing potential upconversion lasers has been studied under 975-nm excitation.Based on the results of energy transfer efficiency and upconversion spectra, the optimal Yb3+-Er3+ concentration ratio is found to be 5∶1. Intense green and red emissions centered at 525, 546, and 657 nm,corresponding to the transitions 2H11/2→4I15/2, 4S3/2→4I15/2, and 4F9/2 → 4I15/2, respectively, were observed. The quadratic dependence of the 525-, 546-, and 657-nm emissions on excitation power indicates that a two-photon absorption process occurs under 975-nm excitation. The high-populated 4I11/2 level is supposed to serve as the intermediate state responsible for the upconversion processes. The intense upconversion luminescence of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped LSPB glasses may be a potentially useful material for developing upconversion optical devices.     

Ultraviolet and visible upconversion emission in Tb3+/Yb3+ co-doped fluorophosphate glasses

Ultraviolet and visible upconversion emissions in Tb³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped YF₃–BaF₂–Ba(PO₃)₂ glasses were observed under 980-nm laser diode excitation. The dependence of the emission intensities of Tb³⁺ on the pump power reveals that two-photon processes account for blue cooperative emission of Yb³⁺ at 476 nm and green upconversion emission of Tb³⁺ at 543 nm, and three-photon processes for ultraviolet emission of Tb³⁺ in the wavelength range of 379–435 nm. The effects of Tb³⁺ concentration on the emission intensity and the lifetime of Tb³⁺ and Yb³⁺ are investigated in detail. It is found that the cooperative energy transfer from a pair of excited Yb³⁺ ions to a ground Tb³⁺ ion is responsible for the appearance of blue and green upconversion emissions due to the ⁵D₄→⁷F _J (J=6,5,4,3) transitions of Tb³⁺, and the resonance energy transfer from Yb³⁺ to Tb³⁺ accounts for the population on the ⁵D₃,⁵G₆ level and ultraviolet upconversion emission.     

Highly efficient upconversion emission and luminescence switching from Yb3+/Tm3+ co-doped water-free low silica calcium aluminosilicate glass

We present highly efficient 480 and 800 nm upconversion emissions in Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped water-free low silica calcium aluminosilicate glass under excitation at 976 nm. As a result of this efficient upconversion process, a luminescent switching with the excitation intensity has been observed. The switching is explained and discussed using rate equations analysis and saturation effects. By means of fitting of the experimental data point, it was possible to obtain the value of the energy transfer parameter related to the transition ²F_5/2, ³H₄→²F_7/2, ¹G₄. The value of this parameter is higher than that of materials like YLF. This switching mechanism could be used in the development of sensors and networks for optical processing and optical communications.