共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 27 毫秒
1.
Shinmoto H Oshio K Tanimoto A Higuchi N Okuda S Kuribayashi S Mulkern RV 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2009,27(3):355-359
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the need for biexponential signal decay modeling for prostate cancer diffusion signal decays with b-factor over an extended b-factor range.Materials and Methods
Ten healthy volunteers and 12 patients with a bulky prostate cancer underwent line scan diffusion-weighted MR imaging in which b-factors from 0 to 3000 s/mm2 in 16 steps were sampled. The acquired signal decay curves were fit with both monoexponential and biexponential signal decay functions and a statistical comparison between the two fits was performed.Results
The biexponential model provided a statistically better fit over the monoexponential model on the peripheral zone (PZ), transitional zone (TZ) and prostate cancer. The fast and slow apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) in the PZ, TZ and cancer were 2.9±0.2, 0.7±0.2×10−3 mm2/ms (PZ); 2.9±0.4, 0.7±0.2×10−3 mm2/ms (TZ); and 1.7±0.4, 0.3±0.1×10−3 mm2/ms (cancer), respectively. The apparent fractions of the fast diffusion component in the PZ, TZ and cancer were 70±10%, 60±10% and 50±10%, respectively. The fast and slow ADCs of cancer were significantly lower than those of TZ and PZ, and the apparent fraction of the fast diffusion component was significantly smaller in cancer than in PZ.Conclusions
Biexponential diffusion decay functions are required for prostate cancer diffusion signal decay curves when sampled over an extended b-factor range, providing additional, unique tissue characterization parameters for prostate cancer. 相似文献2.
Michael Quentin Dirk Blondin Janina Klasen Rotem Shlomo Lanzman Falk-Roland Miese Christian Arsov Peter Albers Gerald Antoch Hans-Jörg Wittsack 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2012
Purpose
To evaluate which mathematical model (monoexponential, biexponential, statistical, kurtosis) fits best to the diffusion-weighted signal in prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Materials and Methods
24 prostate 3-T MRI examinations of young volunteers (YV, n= 8), patients with biopsy proven prostate cancer (PC, n= 8) and an aged matched control group (AC, n= 8) were included. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed using 11 b-values ranging from 0 to 800 s/mm2.Results
Monoexponential apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were significantly (P<.001) lower in the peripheral (PZ) zone (1.18±0.16 mm2/s) and the central (CZ) zone (0.73±0.13 mm2/s) of YV compared to AC (PZ 1.92±0.17 mm2/s; CZ 1.35±0.21 mm2/s). In PC ADCmono values (0.61±0.06 mm2/s) were significantly (P<.001) lower than in the peripheral of central zone of AC. Using the statistical analysis (Akaike information criteria) in YV most pixels were best described by the biexponential model (82%), the statistical model, respectively kurtosis (93%) each compared to the monoexponential model. In PC the majority of pixels was best described by the monoexponential model (57%) compared to the biexponential model.Conclusion
Although a more complex model might provide a better fitting when multiple b-values are used, the monoexponential analyses for ADC calculation in prostate MRI is sufficient to discriminate prostate cancer from normal tissue using b-values ranging from 0 to 800 s/mm2. 相似文献3.
Murat Kocaoglu Nail Bulakbasi Hatice T. Sanal Erol Kismet Bahadir Caliskan Veysel Akgun Cem Tayfun 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2010
Purpose
To retrospectively identify apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of pediatric abdominal mass lesions, to determine whether measured ADC of the lesions and signal intensity on diffusion-weighted (DW) images allow discrimination between benign and malignant mass lesions.Materials and Methods
Approval for this retrospective study was obtained from the institutional review board. Children with abdominal mass lesions, who were examined by DW magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included in this study. DW MR images were obtained in the axial plane by using a non breath-hold single-shot spin-echo sequence on a 1.5-T MR scanner. ADCs were calculated for each lesion. ADC values were compared with Mann–Whitney U test. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine cut-off values for ADC. The results of visual assessment on b800 images and ADC map images were compared with chi-square test.Results
Thirty-one abdominal mass lesions (16 benign, 15 malignant) in 26 patients (15 girls, 11 boys, ranging from 2 days to 17 years with 6.9 years mean) underwent MRI. Benign lesions had significantly higher ADC values than malignant ones (P<.001). The mean ADCs of malignant lesions were 0.84±1.7×10−3 mm2/s, while the mean ADCs of the benign ones were 2.28±1.00×10−3 mm2/s. With respect to cutoff values of ADC: 1.11×10−3 mm2/s, sensitivity and negative predictive values were 100%, specificity was 78.6% and positive predictive value was 83.3%. For b800 and ADC map images, there were statistically significant differences on visual assessment. All malignant lesions had variable degrees of high signal intensity whereas eight of the 16 benign ones had low signal intensities on b800 images (P<.001). On ADC map images, all malignant lesions were hypointense and most of the benign ones (n=11, 68.7%) were hyperintense (P<.001).Conclusion
DW imaging can be used for reliable discrimination of benign and malignant pediatric abdominal mass lesions based on considerable differences in the ADC values and signal intensity changes. 相似文献4.
Purpose
To prospectively evaluate diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for differentiation of postobstructive consolidation from centrally located lung carcinomas by using apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs).Materials and Methods
An institutional review board approved this study; informed consent was obtained from patients. Forty-nine consecutive patients (3 women, 46 men; mean age, 63.6 years; age range, 42–85 years) with lung carcinoma underwent DW MR imaging. Forty patients had central and nine patients had peripheral lung carcinomas. ADC of each lung carcinoma was calculated from DW MR images obtained with two different b values (0, 1000 s/mm2).In the final study group including 27 patients with central lung carcinoma accompanying distal lung consolidation (mean age, 67.2 years; 3 women, 24 men), ADCs of lung carcinomas were statistically compared among cytologic/histologic types and accompanying postobstructive consolidations. Unpaired t test was used for measurable variables with normal distribution, and Kruskal–Wallis variance analysis and Mann–Whitney U tests were used for the measurable variables without normal distribution.Results
There was no significant difference between mean ADC values of all types of carcinomas (P=.302) and also between mean ADC values of central (1.91 ± 0.7×10−3 mm2/s) and peripheral carcinomas (1.58 ± 0. 6×10−3 mm2/s) (P=.224). The mean ADC value for the masses of central lung carcinoma with postobstructive consolidations was 1.83 ± 0.75×10−3 mm2/s, and for consolidation was 2.50 ± 0.76×10−3 mm2/s. ADC of central carcinoma masses was significantly lower than that of postobstructive consolidations (P=.003).Conclusions
ADC values of central lung carcinoma masses appear to be lower than accompanying postobstructive consolidations. ADC values could be considered useful as a differentiating parameter among central lung carcinomas and accompanying postobstructive consolidations. 相似文献5.
Xiuzhong Yao Tiantao Kuang Li Wu Hao Feng Hao Liu Weizhong Cheng Shengxiang Rao He Wang Mengsu Zeng 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2014
Objectives
To investigate and optimize diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) acquisitions for pancreatic cancer at 3.0 T.Methods
Forty-five patients with pancreatic cancer were examined by four DWI acquisitions with b values = 0 and 600 s/mm2 at 3.0 T, including breath-holding DWI (BH-DWI), respiratory-triggered DWI (TRIG-DWI), respiratory-triggered DWI with inversion–recovery technique (TRIGIR-DWI), and free-breathing DWI with inversion–recovery technique (FBIR-DWI). Artifacts, contrast ratio (CR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of pancreatic cancer were statistically compared among DWI acquisitions.Results
TRIGIR-DWI displayed the lowest artifacts and highest CR compared to other DWI acquisitions. CNRs of pancreatic cancer in TRIG-DWI and TRIGIR-DWI were statistically higher than that in FBIR-DWI and BH-DWI. Different ADCs between pancreatic cancer and noncancerous pancreatic tissues were noticed by a paired-samples T test in TRIG-DWI (p = 0.017), TRIGIR-DWI (p = 0.00001) and FBIR-DWI (p = 0.000041).Conclusions
TRIGIR-DWI may be the optimal acquisition of DWI for pancreatic cancer at 3.0 T. 相似文献6.
Abdel Razek AA Elkammary S Elmorsy AS Elshafey M Elhadedy T 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2011,29(2):167-172
Purpose
To predict malignancy of mediastinal lymphadenopathy with diffusion-weighted imaging.Material and methods
A prospective study was conducted on 35 patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy (28 malignant and seven benign nodes). They underwent echoplanar diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the mediastinum with b-factors of 0, 300 and 600 s/mm2. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the mediastinal lymph nodes were calculated. The ADC values were correlated with the biopsy results and statistical analysis was done. A value of P<.05 was considered significant.Results
The mean ADC value of malignant mediastinal lymphadenopathy (1.06±0.3×10−3 mm2/s) was significantly lower (P=.001) than that of benign lymphadenopathy (2.39±0.7×10−3 mm2/s). There was an insignificant difference in the ADC values between metastatic and lymphomatous mediastinal lymph nodes (P=.32) as well as within benign nodes (P=.07). When an ADC value of 1.85×10−3 mm2/s was used as a threshold value for differentiating malignant mediastinal nodes from benign nodes, the best results were obtained with an accuracy of 83.9%, a sensitivity of 96.4%, a specificity of 71.4%, a negative predictive value of 95.2% and a positive predictive value of 77.1%. The area under the curve was 0.98.Conclusion
Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging is a promising noninvasive imaging modality that can be used for characterization of mediastinal lymphadenopathy and differentiation of malignant from benign mediastinal lymph nodes. 相似文献7.
Purpose
The purpose of our study was to compare diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) with conventional dynamic MRI in terms of the assessment of small intrahepatic metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Materials and Methods
In 24 patients with multifocal, small (≤2 cm) intrahepatic metastatic foci of advanced HCC, a total of 134 lesions (≤1 cm, n=81; >1 cm, n=53) were subjected to a comparative analysis of hepatic MRI including static and gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced dynamic imaging, and DWI using a single-shot spin-echo echo-planar MRI (b values=50, 400 and 800 s/mm2), by two independent reviewers.Results
A larger number of the lesions were detected and diagnosed as intrahepatic metastases on DWI [Reviewer 1, 121 (90%); Reviewer 2, 117 (87%)] than on dynamic imaging [Reviewer 1, 107 (80%); Reviewer 2, 105 (78%)] (P<.05). For the 81 smaller lesions (≤1 cm), DWI was able to detect more lesions than dynamic imaging [Reviewer 1, 68 (84%) vs. 56 (69%), P=.008; Reviewer 2, 65 (80%) vs. 55 (68%), P=.031], but there was no statistically significant difference between the two image sets for larger (>1 cm) lesions.Conclusion
Due to its higher detection rate of subcentimeter lesions, DWI could be considered complementary to dynamic MRI in the diagnosis of intrahepatic metastases of HCCs. 相似文献8.
Jennifer G. Whisenant Gregory D. Ayers Mary E. Loveless Stephanie L. Barnes Daniel C. Colvin Thomas E. Yankeelov 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2014
Background and purpose
The use of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) as a surrogate biomarker of response in preclinical studies is increasing. However, before a biomarker can be reliably employed to assess treatment response, the reproducibility of the technique must be established. There is a paucity of literature that quantifies the reproducibility of DW-MRI in preclinical studies; thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate DW-MRI reproducibility in a murine model of HER2 + breast cancer.Materials and methods
Test–Retest DW-MRI scans separated by approximately six hours were acquired from eleven athymic female mice with HER2 + xenografts using a pulsed gradient spin echo diffusion-weighted sequence with three b values [150, 500, and 800 s/mm2]. Reproducibility was assessed for the mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) from tumor and muscle tissue regions.Results
The threshold to reflect a change in tumor physiology in a cohort of mice is defined by the 95% confidence interval (CI), which was ± 0.0972 × 10- 3 mm2/s (± 11.8%) for mean tumor ADC. The repeatability coefficient defines this threshold for an individual mouse, which was ± 0.273 × 10- 3 mm2/s. The 95% CI and repeatability coefficient for mean ADC of muscle tissue were ± 0.0949 × 10- 3 mm2/s (± 8.30%) and ± 0.266 × 10- 3 mm2/s, respectively.Conclusions
Mean ADC of tumors is reproducible and appropriate for detecting treatment-induced changes on both an individual and mouse cohort basis. 相似文献9.
Sigfridsson A Haraldsson H Ebbers T Knutsson H Sakuma H 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2011,29(2):202-208
Aim
The influences on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of Displacement ENcoding with Stimulated Echoes (DENSE) MRI of field strength, receiver coil sensitivity and choice of flip angle strategy have been previously investigated individually. In this study, all of these parameters have been investigated in the same setting, and a mutual comparison of their impact on SNR is presented.Materials and methods
Ten healthy volunteers were imaged in a 1.5 T and a 3 T MRI system, using standard five- or six-channel cardiac coils as well as 32-channel coils, with four different excitation patterns. Variation of spatial coil sensitivity was assessed by regional SNR analysis.Results
SNR ranging from 2.8 to 30.5 was found depending on the combination of excitation patterns, coil sensitivity and field strength. The SNR at 3 T was 53±26% higher than at 1.5 T (P<.001), whereas spatial differences of 59±26% were found in the ventricle (P<.001). Thirty-two-channel coils provided 52±29% higher SNR compared to standard five- or six-channel coils (P<.001). A fixed flip angle strategy provided an excess of 50% higher SNR in half of the imaged cardiac cycle compared to a sweeping flip angle strategy, and a single-phase acquisition provided a sixfold increase of SNR compared to a cine acquisition.Conclusion
The effect of field strength and receiver coil sensitivity influences the SNR with the same order of magnitude, whereas flip angle strategy can have a larger effect on SNR. Thus, careful choice of imaging hardware in combination with adaptation of the acquisition protocol is crucial in order to realize sufficient SNR in DENSE MRI. 相似文献10.
Behnaz Goudarzi Riwa Kishimoto Shuhei Komatsu Hiroyuki Ishikawa Kyosan Yoshikawa Susumu Kandatsu Takayuki Obata 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2010
Purpose
We evaluated the ability of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to detect bone metastasis by comparing the results obtained using this modality with those obtained using 11C-methionine (MET) positron emission tomography (PET) and bone scintigraphy.Materials and methods
This retrospective study involved 29 patients with bone metastasis. DWI was obtained using a single-shot echo planar imaging (EPI) sequence with fat suppression using a short inversion time inversion recovery sequence. The detection capabilities of DWI for bone metastases were compared with those of whole body MET PET (in 19 patients) and 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate bone scintigraphy (in 15 patients).Results
Among the 19 patients who were diagnosed using DWI and PET, the PET identified 39 bone metastases, while the DWI identified 60 metastases out of 69 metastases revealed with conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Among the 15 patients who were diagnosed using DWI and bone scintigraphy, the bone scintigraphy identified 18 bone metastases, while the DWI identified 72 metastases out of 78 metastases revealed with conventional MRI. The overall bone metastasis detection rates were 56.5% for PET, 23.1% for bone scintigraphy and 92.3% for DWI.Conclusion
DWI is a very sensitive method for detecting bone metastasis and is superior to MET PET and bone scintigraphy in terms of its detection capabilities. 相似文献11.
Shiteng Suo Xiaoxi Chen Lianming Wu Xiaofei Zhang Qiuying Yao Yu Fan He Wang Jianrong Xu 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2014
Purpose
To evaluate the non-Gaussian water diffusion properties of prostate cancer (PCa) and determine the diagnostic performance of diffusion kurtosis (DK) imaging for distinguishing PCa from benign tissues within the peripheral zone (PZ), and assessing tumor lesions with different Gleason scores.Materials and Methods
Nineteen patients who underwent diffusion weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging using multiple b-values and were pathologically confirmed with PCa were enrolled in this study. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was derived using a monoexponential model, while diffusion coefficient (D) and kurtosis (K) were determined using a DK model. Differences between the ADC, D and K values of benign PZ and PCa, as well as those of tumor lesions with Gleason scores of 6, 7 and ≥ 8 were assessed. Correlations between parameters D and K in PCa were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. ADC, D and K values were correlated with Gleason scores of 6, 7 and ≥ 8, respectively.Results
ADC and D values were significantly (p < 0.001) lower in PCa (0.79 ± 0.14 μm2/ms and 1.56 ± 0.23 μm2/ms, respectively) compared to benign PZ (1.23 ± 0.19 μm2/ms and 2.54 ± 0.24 μm2/ms, respectively). K values were significantly (p < 0.001) greater in PCa (0.96 ± 0.20) compared to benign PZ (0.59 ± 0.08). D and K showed fewer overlapping values between benign PZ and PCa compared to ADC. There was a strong negative correlation between D and K values in PCa (Pearson correlation coefficient r = − 0.729; p < 0.001). ADC and K values differed significantly in tumor lesions with Gleason scores of 6, 7 and ≥ 8 (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively), although no significant difference was detected for D values (p = 0.325). Significant correlations were found between the ADC value and Gleason score (r = − 0.828; p < 0.001), as well as the K value and Gleason score (r = 0.729; p < 0.001).Conclusion
DK model may add value in PCa detection and diagnosis. K potentially offers a new metric for assessment of PCa. 相似文献12.
Purpose
To investigate the value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) to predict and monitor the therapy response for cervical cancer patients receiving concurrent radiochemotherapy, and to analyze the influence of different b-value combinations on ADC-based evaluation of treatment response.Material and Methods
Seventy-five cervical cancer patients treated with radiochemotherapy received conventional MRI and DWI prior to therapy, after 2 weeks of therapy, after four weeks of therapy and after therapy completion. Treatment response was classified as complete response (CR, n = 35), partial response (PR, n = 22) and stable disease (SD, n = 18), which was determined according to final tumor size after 6 months of therapy completion. Dynamic changes of apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) and tumor size in the three tumor groups were observed and compared. All the ADCs were calculated from b = 0, 600 s/mm2 and b = 0, 1000 s/mm2.Results
The ADC increased percentage was higher in CR group than those in PR and SD groups after two weeks and four weeks of therapy, with significant differences in absolute ADCs between CR and PR, SD groups after therapy completion; the overall discriminatory capability for differentiation of CR and PR, SD groups was higher for high b-value combination (0, 1000 s/mm2) than for low b-value combination (0, 600 s/mm2).Conclusion
DWI can be used as a predictive and monitoring biomarker of treatment response to radiochemotherapy in patients with cervical cancer. High b-value combination may be more reliable to evaluate the treatment response for cervical cancer. 相似文献13.
Purpose
To compare peak enhancement (PE), determined from dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the magnetic resonance (MR) directionally-averaged apparent diffusion coefficient (Materials and Methods
MRI, MR spectroscopic imaging, DCE MRI and MR diffusion were evaluated in 17 untreated subjects with suspected or proven prostate cancer. PE andResults
The glandular-ductal tissues had lower PE [125±6.4 (% baseline)] and higherConclusions
The very different MR results in the glandular-ductal versus stromal-low ductal tissues suggest that these tissues have different underlying structure. These results support the hypothesis that Gd-DTPA does not enter healthy prostatic glands or ducts. This may explain the higher PE and lower14.
Savannah C. Partridge Revathi S. Murthy Ali Ziadloo Steven W. White Kimberly H. Allison Constance D. Lehman 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2010
Purpose
The objective of this study was to evaluate diffusion anisotropy of the breast parenchyma and assess the range and repeatability of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters in normal breast tissue.Materials and Methods
The study was approved by our institutional review board and included 12 healthy females (median age, 36 years). Diffusion tensor imaging was performed at 1.5 T using a diffusion-weighted echo planar imaging sequence. Diffusion tensor imaging parameters including tensor eigenvalues (λ1, λ2, λ3), fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were measured for anterior, central and posterior breast regions.Results
Mean normal breast DTI measures were λ1=2.51×10−3 mm2/s, λ2=1.89×10−3 mm2/s, λ3=1.39×10−3 mm2/s, ADC=1.95±0.24×10−3 mm2/s and FA=0.29±0.05 for b=600 s/mm2. Significant regional differences were observed for both FA and ADC (P<.05), with higher ADC in the central breast and higher FA in the posterior breast. Comparison of DTI values calculated using b=0, 600 s/mm2 vs. b=0, 1000 s/mm2, showed significant differences in ADC (P<.001), but not FA. Repeatability assessment produced within-subject coefficient of variations of 4.5% for ADC and 11.4% for FA measures.Conclusion
This study demonstrates anisotropy of water diffusion in normal breast tissue and establishes a normative range of breast FA values. Attention to the influence of breast region and b value on breast DTI measurements may be important for clinical interpretation and standardization of techniques. 相似文献15.
A.J. Marchand E. Hitti F. Monge H. Saint-Jalmes R. Guillin R. Duvauferrier G. Gambarota 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2014
Object
To assess the feasibility of measuring diffusion and perfusion fraction in vertebral bone marrow using the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) approach and to compare two fitting methods, i.e., the non-negative least squares (NNLS) algorithm and the more commonly used Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) non-linear least squares algorithm, for the analysis of IVIM data.Materials and Methods
MRI experiments were performed on fifteen healthy volunteers, with a diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence at five different b-values (0, 50, 100, 200, 600 s/mm2), in combination with an STIR module to suppress the lipid signal. Diffusion signal decays in the first lumbar vertebra (L1) were fitted to a bi-exponential function using the LM algorithm and further analyzed with the NNLS algorithm to calculate the values of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*) and perfusion fraction.Results
The NNLS analysis revealed two diffusion components only in seven out of fifteen volunteers, with ADC = 0.60 ± 0.09 (10− 3 mm2/s), D* = 28 ± 9 (10− 3 mm2/s) and perfusion fraction = 14% ± 6%. The values obtained by the LM bi-exponential fit were: ADC = 0.45 ± 0.27 (10− 3 mm2/s), D* = 63 ± 145 (10− 3 mm2/s) and perfusion fraction = 27% ± 17%. Furthermore, the LM algorithm yielded values of perfusion fraction in cases where the decay was not bi-exponential, as assessed by NNLS analysis.Conclusion
The IVIM approach allows for measuring diffusion and perfusion fraction in vertebral bone marrow; its reliability can be improved by using the NNLS, which identifies the diffusion decays that display a bi-exponential behavior. 相似文献16.
Francescamaria Donati Piero Boraschi Roberto Gigoni Simonetta Salemi Fabio Falaschi Carlo Bartolozzi 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2013
Purpose
To present diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of the liver.Materials and Methods
Thirty-five patients with 52 FNHs (21 were pathologically-confirmed) underwent MRI at 1.5-T device. MR diffusion [diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)] was performed using a free-breathing single-shot, spin-echo, echo-planar sequence with b gradient factor value of 500 s/mm². MR perfusion [perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI)] consisted of a 3D free-breathing LAVA sequence repeated up to 5 minutes after injection of 7 mL Gd-BOPTA (MultiHance, Bracco, Italy) and 20 mL saline flush at a flow rate of 4 mL/s. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and time-signal intensity curve (TSIC) were obtained for both normal liver and each FNH by two reviewers in conference; maximum enhancement (ME) percentage, time to peak enhancement (TTP), and maximal slope (MS) were also calculated.Results
On DWI mean ADC value was 1.624×10− 3 mm2/s for normal liver and 1.629×10− 3 mm2/s for FNH. ADC value for each FNH and the normal liver was not statistically different (P= .936). On PWI, TSIC-Type 1 (quick and marked enhancement and quick decay followed by slowly decaying) was observed in all 52 FNHs, and TSIC-Type 2 (fast enhancement followed by slowly decaying plateau) in all normal livers. The mean ME, TTP and MS values were significantly different for FNH and normal liver (P= .005).Conclusion
FNHs of the liver showed typical diffusion and perfusion MRI characteristics in all cases. On the ADC map, we could get similar value between the FNHs and the background parenchyma. On the perfusion imaging, FNHs showed a different pattern distinguished from the background liver. 相似文献17.
Objective
To evaluate the correlation between findings from diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and microvascular density (MVD) measurements in VX2 liver tumors after transarterial embolization ablation (TEA).Materials and Methods
Eighteen New Zealand white rabbits were used in this study. VX2 tumor cells were implanted in livers by percutaneous puncture under computed tomography (CT) guidance. Two weeks later, all rabbits underwent conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (T1 and T2 imaging), DWI, (b = 100, 600, and 1000 s/mm2) and TEA. MRI was performed again1 week after TEA. Liver tissue was then harvested and processed for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical staining for CD31to determine MVD.Results
VX2 liver tumors were successfully established in all 18 rabbits. Optimal contrast was achieved with a b value of 600 s/mm2.The maximum pre-operative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)difference value was 0.28 × 10− 3 ± 0.10 × 10− 3 mm2/s, and was significantly different (P < 0.001) from the maximum postoperative ADCdifference value of 0.47 × 10− 3 ± 0.10 × 10− 3 mm2/s. However, the mean ADC value for the entire tumor was not significantly correlated with MVD (r = 0.221, P = 0.379), nor was the ADC value for the regions of viable tumor (r = − 0.044, P = 0.862). However, the maximum postoperative ADCdifference value was positively correlated with MVD(r = 0.606, F = 12.247, P = 0.003).Conclusion
DWI is effective to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of TEA. The maximum ADCdifference offers a promising new method to noninvasively assess tumor angiogenesis. 相似文献18.
Objective:
The objective in this work is to investigate the feasibility of using a new imaging tool called vibro-acoustography (VA) as a means of permanent prostate brachytherapy (PPB) seed localization to facilitate post-implant dosimetry (PID).Methods and materials:
Twelve OncoSeed (standard) and eleven EchoSeed (echogenic) dummy seeds were implanted in a human cadaver prostate. Seventeen seeds remained after radical retropubic prostatectomy. VA imaging was conducted on the prostate that was cast in a gel phantom and placed in a tank of degassed water. 2-D magnitude and phase VA image slices were obtained at different depths within the prostate showing location and orientation of the seeds.Results:
VA demonstrates that twelve of seventeen (71%) seeds implanted were visible in the VA image, and the remainder were obscured by intra-prostatic calcifications. Moreover, it is shown here that VA is capable of imaging and locating PPB seeds within the prostate independent of seed orientation, and the resulting images are speckle free.Conclusion:
The results presented in this research show that VA allows seed detection within a human prostate regardless of their orientation, as well as imaging intra-prostatic calcifications. 相似文献19.
Gael Pentang Rotem Shlomo LanzmanPhilpp Heusch Anja Müller-LutzDirk Blondin Gerald AntochHans-Jörg Wittsack 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2014
Purpose
To assess the feasibility and to optimize imaging parameters of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in human kidneys.Methods
The kidneys of ten healthy volunteers were examined on a clinical 3 T MR scanner. For DKI, respiratory triggered EPI sequences were acquired in the coronal plane (3 b-values: 0, 300, 600 s/mm2, 30 diffusion directions). A goodness of fit analysis was performed and the influence of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on the DKI results was evaluated. Region-of-interest (ROI) measurements were performed to determine apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean kurtosis (MK) of the cortex and the medulla of the kidneys. Intra-observer and inter-observer reproducibility using Bland-Altman plots as well as subjective image quality of DKI were examined and ADC, FA, and MK parameters were compared.Results
The DKI model fitted better to the experimental data (r = 0.99) with p < 0.05 than the common mono-exponential ADC model (r = 0.96).Calculation of reliable kurtosis parameters in human kidneys requires a minimum SNR of 8.31 on b = 0 s/mm2 images.Corticomedullary differentiation was possible on FA and MK maps. ADC, FA and MK revealed significant differences in medulla (ADC = 2.82 × 10− 3 mm2/s ± 0.25, FA = 0.42 ± 0. 05, MK = 0.78 ± 0.07) and cortex (ADC = 3.60 × 10− 3 mm2/s ± 0.28, FA = 0.18 ± 0.04, MK = 0.94 ± 0.07) with p < 0.001.Conclusion
Our initial results indicate the feasibility of DKI in the human kidney presuming an adequate SNR. Future studies in patients with kidney diseases are required to determine the value of DKI for functional kidney imaging. 相似文献20.
Yanagisawa O Shimao D Maruyama K Nielsen M Irie T Niitsu M 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2009,27(1):69-78