Oils of the seeds of Ziziphora pedicellata and Eremostachys molluceloides

Summary The fatty oils of the seeds of the wild speciesZiziphora pedicellata andEremostachys molluceloides (Labiatae) have been investigated. The glyceride, pigment, and hydrocarbon compositions of these oils and the fatty-acid composition of the oil ofZ. pedicellata have been determined.The oil ofE. molluceloides contains laballenic acid.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 324–328, May–June, 1975.     

Investigation of the lignins ofPhragmites communus Trin.

Summary 1. Lignin has been isolated from the stems ofPhragmites communus Trin. by the hydrochloric acid and the copperammonia methods. Its elementary composition and functional groups have been determined. The mean composition of the C₆-C₃ structural unit has been determined.2. The oxidation of comminuted reed stems with nitrobenzene in the presence of alkali has given a mixture of aldehydes: syringaldehyde, vanillin, and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Their yield was 3–4 times less than from wood.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 1, No. 6, pp. 424–427, 1965     

Oxygenated acids of the reserve lipids of Rumex paulsenianus

The composition of the fatty mono- and dihydroxy acids of the fruit ofRumex paulsenianus Rech. fil. (familyPolygonaceae) has been determined by a combination of IRS, UVS, GLC, and mass-spectrometric methods. (22) Monohydroxy acids of the C₁₄–C₂₀ series, including isomers and isologues, and four dihydroxy acids from C₁₈ to C₂₀, including a new isomeric 9-OH-10, 12–17:2 acid have been detected.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 762–765, November–December, 1991.     

Sterols of the fungusStachybotrys alternaus

Conclusions 1. The composition of the sterol fraction of the unsaponifiable group of substances of the fungusStachybotrys alternaus has been studied. It has been shown that, unlike the sterol fraction of other mycelial fungi, the sterol fraction studied contains almost no ergosterol.2. On the basis of UV, IR, mass, and NMR spectroscopy, optical activity, and chromatographic behavior, the substances present in the sterol fraction have been identified structurally, and the ratio of their quantities has been found.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 319–322, 1970     

Terpenoids of the needles of Picea abies

The composition of the terpenoids of the neutral petroleum-ether-soluble substances from an isopropanol extract of the needles of the Norway spruce has been studied. The main components of the extractive substances are polyprenol acetates, alcohols with the labdane type of structure, and epimanool and epitorulosol. It has been shown that the terpenoids from the needles differ in composition from the extractive substances of the trunk part of the tree and those from the oleoresins of the sprucesPicea abies, P. ajanensis, andP. obovata.S. M. Kirov Leningrad Academy of Wood Technology. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 168–176, March–April, 1986.     

Composition of the neutral lipids of Chlorella vulgaris

Summary The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the neutral lipids and the fatty-acid composition of the individual classes of neutral lipids isolated from fresh, freeze-dried, and air-dry cells of the algaChlorella vulgaris have been investigated.The presence of natural fatty acid methyl esters in the lipid extract of the fresh and air-dry chlorella cells has been established.It has been shown that the fatty acid methyl ester fraction is enriched with palmitic acid as compared with the triglyceride and free fatty acid fractions.The main unsaturated acids of the chlorella lipids contain the first double bond in the ⁹ position.Division of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 49–53, January–February, 1978.     

The oil ofThalictrum simplex

Summary Octadec-5-enoic acid, not found previously in other plant or animal oils and fats, has been found in the oil of slimtop meadowrue. The hydrocarbon fraction isolated contains n-dotriacontane and, apparently, other paraffinic hydrocarbons of similar composition. From its fatty-acid composition and its drying properties, the oil must be classed with thePapaveraceae group.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 123–128, 1965     

The structure of pediculidine

Summary A new alkaloid pediculidine, C₁₀H₉NO, mp 74–75°C, has been isolated from the ethereal fraction of the combined alkaloids ofP. olgae. Structure (I) has been proposed for the new alkaloid on the basis of its UV, IR, NMR, and mass spectra.Order of the Red Banner of Labor Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 304–306, May–June, 1971.     

Chemical composition of the low-molecular-mass fraction of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis as a function of the temperature of cultivation

The dependence of the chemical composition of the low-molecular-mass fraction of the microbial cells ofYersinia pseudotuberculosis (str. 2781) on the temperature of cultivation (6 and 37°C) has been investigated.Scientific-Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Nos. 3,4, pp. 312–316, May–August, 1992.     

Competitive bindings of histones with DNA in formation of plant nucleohistones

An acid form of ricin — ricin T — with a molecular weight of 58 kDa, an isoelectric point, pI, of 7.0–7.1, and a sedimentation coefficient of 4.60 S has been isolated from the seeds of the Central Asian castor-oil plantRicinus communis by gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 followed by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE- and CM-celluloses. The amino acid composition and the N-terminal amino acid residues of ricin T have been determined.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 883–887, November–December, 1987.     

Polysaccharides of Eremurus. XXVI. Study of the structure of the pectin from the leaves of Eremurus regelii

The partial acid hydrolysis of the homogeneous fraction C of the pectin fromEremurus regelii Vved. leaves has given a galacturonan. Its structure has been established on the basis of the results of periodate-nitric acid oxidation, methylation, and¹³C NMR spectroscopy.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Republic Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 191–194, March–April, 1993.     

Physicochemical analysis of a protein with nerve growth activity from the muscle tissue of Rana ridibunda

A protein nerve growth factor has been isolated in the pure form from the muscles of the lake frogRana ridibunda. The individuality of the substance obtained has been shown, its molecular mass (106.0–110.0 kDa) and pI value (9.2–9.4) have been determined, and lysine and valine have been found as the N- and C-terminal amino acid residues of its polypeptide chain. In view of the detection of the presence of sugars (about 1%), the substance has been identified as a glycoprotein. Its absorption spectra in the UV region has been obtained and the amino acid composition of the isolated protein has been determined. Information on the amino acid composition of various proteins with nerve growth activity has been subjected to comparative analysis with the aid of computer programs, and on this base their phylogenetic tree has been constructed.Institute of Biochemistry, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 251–257, March–April, 1992.     

Quantitative composition of the resin acids produced by the coniferous species of the USSR

Conclusions 1. The chemical composition of mixtures of resin acids isolated from the balsams of native conifer species, Scotch, Crimean, and Siberian pines andP. hamota andP. pityusa, Norway spruce, and Siberian larch, has been studied by the GLC method.2. The following resin acids are present in the balsams: pimaric, sandaracopimaric, levopimaric, palustric, isopimaric, abietic, dehydro- and dihydroabietic, neoabietic, four acids of undetermined chemical structure, and fatty acids. The balsams differ in the quantitative composition of the resin acids that they contain.Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Belorussian SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 539–541, September–October, 1970.     

Investigation of the protein component of the lipopolysaccharide-protein complex ofYersinia pseudotuberculosis

It has been established by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel that the protein component of the lipopolysaccharide-protein complex ofYersinia pseudotuberculosis consists of two poly-peptides with molecular weights of 42,000–45,000 and 18,000–20,000. These polypeptides have been detected in the cell wall ofY. pseudotuberculosis as the main components. Protein fractions B-2 and B-3, differing with respect to solubility in phenol, were isolated from the LPPC ofY. pseudotuberculosis by extraction with hot 45% phenol. These protein fractions had the same polypeptide composition, which is characteristic for membrane proteins. B-3 included the LPS component and B-2 contained lipid A or fragments of it as impurity. Fractions B-3 and B-2 precipitated with antiserum to the LPPC.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 92–97, January–February, 1980.     

The structures of chimganin and chimgin

Summary The roots ofFerula tschimganica Lipsky have yielded two new compounds with the compositions C₁₈H₂₄O₄ (mp 85°C) and C₁₇H₂₂O₃ (mp 155°C), which have been calledchimganin andchimgin. On the basis of their UV, IR, and NMR spectra and the products of alkaline hydrolysis, it has been shown that chimganin is the ester of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid and chimgin that of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with (+)-borneol.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 59–63, January–February, 1972.     

Chemical investigation of the polysaccharides of the leaves ofPlantago major L.

Summary 1. A polysaccharide has been isolated from the leaves ofPlantage major L. and its monosaccharide composition has been studied.2. It has been established that the polysaccharide investigated contains D-galacturonic acid, D-galactose, D-glucose, D-xylose, L-rhamnose, L-arabinose, a partially methylated galactose, and two unidentified monosaccharides.3. The high content of galacturonic residues (68%) in the polysaccharide enables it to be classified as a pectin.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 1, No. 5, pp. 297–302, 1965     

Effect of a wilt infection on the neutral lipids of cotton leaves

The composition of the neutral lipids of leaves of a cotton plant of the wilt-resistant variety 175-F, the set of components in the fatty acid composition of the lipid classes, and the partial structures of the triacylglycerides have been determined. The changes taking place in the composition and structure of these lipids on artificial infection of the plant by the fungal pathogenVerticillium dahliae have been elucidated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 477–483, September–October, 1992.     

Molecular composition of the N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine of the cotton plant of variety S-6029

An N-arylphosphatidylethanolamine has been isolated from the total phospholipids of the cotton plant of variety S-6029. The composition and the position distribution of the fatty-acid radicals has been studied with the aid of enzymatic hydrolysis with phospholipase A₁ (from the fungusRhisophus microsporus UzLT-1) and by alkaline and acid hydrolyses. From the results obtained, the possible molecular composition of the N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine has been calculated by Coleman's method. The total number of all the molecular species amounted to 720.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 780–783, November–December, 1979.     

Exoglycans of Yersina pseudotuberculosis

Summary 1. From a culture medium of strain 12 ofYersinia pseudotuberculosis of subtype IB a mixture of exoglycans has been isolated which consists of acidic heteropolysaccharides bound ionically to a protein component.2. The yield and monosaccharide composition of the exoglycans produced depend on the conditions of growth and the form of the colonies.3. The exoglycans of the local strain No. 12 and of a standard strain (No. 159) ofY. pseudotuberculosis of subtype IB contain monosaccharides (galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose, arabinose, fucose, glucuronic acid, glucosamine) and differ only by the ratio of the monosaccharide residues.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 315–321, May–June, 1975.