共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
A. Camposeo F. Fuso E. Arimondo A. Tuissi 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(6):927-934
NiTi films deposited by pulsed laser ablation on Si/SiO2 are shown to exhibit structural and functional properties related to the shape-memory effect. Film characterization suggests
that relevant temperatures for the solid-to-solid transformation responsible for the shape memory are in substantial agreement
with those of the bulk target material, demonstrating a good congruency of the deposition process. Besides the technological
interest for this class of thin films, our findings point out the suitability of laser ablation for metal alloy deposition.
An investigation based on in situ ion-mass spectroscopy and covariance mapping analysis allows us to determine the main vapor-phase
processes leading to the formation of stoichiometric clusters expected to play a relevant role in assisting the growth of
NiTi thin films.
Received: 6 August 2001 / Accepted: 11 April 2002 / Published online: 4 November 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +39-50/2214-333, E-mail: fuso@df.unipi.it 相似文献
2.
Y. Du M.-S. Zhang J. Wu L. Kang S. Yang P. Wu Z. Yin 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(7):1105-1108
SrTiO3 thin films were prepared on a fused-quartz substrate by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Dense and homogeneous films with a
thickness of 260 nm were prepared. Optical constants (refractive index n and extinction coefficient k) were determined from
the transmittance spectra using the envelope method. The optical band gap energy of the films was found to be 3.58 eV, higher
than the 3.22 eV for bulk SrTiO3, attributable to the film stress exerted by the substrate. The dispersion relation of the refractive index vs. wavelength
follows the single electronic oscillator model. The refractive index and the packing density for the PLD-prepared SrTiO3 thin films are higher than those for the SrTiO3 films prepared by physical vapor deposition, sol–gel and RF sputtering.
Received: 18 March 2002 / Accepted: 7 October 2002 / Published online: 8 January 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +86-25/359-5535, E-mail: mszhang@nju.edu.cn 相似文献
3.
J.-M. Liu N. Chong H.L.W. Chan K.H. Wong C.L. Choy 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(1):93-96
Epitaxial (001) aluminum nitride (AlN) thin films on (111) Si substrates are prepared using pulsed-laser deposition. The epitaxial
structure of the as-prepared thin films is characterized by checking the X-ray-diffraction θ-2 θ scan and pole-figure, using
scanning electron microscopy, infrared radiation (IR) spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The surface acoustic-wave resonance
at 345 MHz for a 1.5 μm thick AlN film on a (111) Si substrate is observed using an inter-digital electrode.
Received: 18 September 2001 / Accepted: 29 January 2002 / Published online: 3 June 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +86-25/359-5535, E-mail: liujm@nju.edu.cn 相似文献
4.
Hopp B. Smausz T. Kresz N. Nagy P.M. Juhász A. Ignácz F. Márton Z. 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(5):731-735
Allergic-type diseases are current nowadays, and they are frequently caused by certain metals. We demonstrated that the metal
objects can be covered by Teflon protective thin layers using a pulsed laser deposition procedure. An ArF excimer laser beam
was focused onto the surface of pressed PTFE powder pellets; the applied fluences were 7.5–7.7 J/cm2. Teflon films were deposited on fourteen-carat gold, silver and titanium plates. The number of ablating pulses was 10000.
Post-annealing of the films was carried out in atmospheric air at oven temperatures between 320 and 500 °C. The thickness
of the thin layers was around 5 μm. The prepared films were granular without heat treatment or after annealing at a temperature
below 340 °C. At 360 °C a crystalline, contiguous, smooth, very compact and pinhole-free thin layer was produced; a melted
and re-solidified morphology was observed above 420 °C. The adhesion strength between the Teflon films and the metal substrates
was determined. This could exceed 1–4 MPa depending on the treatment temperature. It was proved that the prepared Teflon layers
can be suitable for prevention of contact between the human body and allergen metals and so for avoidance of metal allergy.
Received: 12 June 2002 / Accepted: 13 June 2002 / Published online: 4 November 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. E-mail: bhopp@physx.u-szeged.hu 相似文献
5.
N. Yasumaru K. Miyazaki J. Kiuchi 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(6):983-985
We report observation of nanostructures formed on thin TiN and DLC films that were irradiated by 800- and 267-nm, femtosecond
(fs) Ti:sapphire laser pulses at an energy fluence slightly above the ablation threshold. On the ablated thin-film surfaces,
the linearly polarized fs pulses produce arrays of fine periodic structures that are almost oriented to the direction perpendicular
to the laser polarization, while the circularly polarized light forms fine-dot structures. The size of these surface structures
is 1/10–1/5 of the laser wavelength and decreases with a decrease in the laser wavelength.
Received: 3 September 2002 / Accepted: 4 September 2002 / Published online: 17 December 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +81-778/62-3306, E-mail: yasuma@fukui-nct.ac.jp 相似文献
6.
D. Music U. Kreissig Zs. Czigány U. Helmersson J.M. Schneider 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(2):269-271
Boron suboxide thin films have been deposited on Si(100) substrates by reactive RF magnetron sputtering of a sintered B target
in an Ar/O2 atmosphere. Elastic recoil detection analysis was applied to determine the film composition and density. Film structure was
studied by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The elastic modulus, measured by nanoindentation, was found
to decrease as the film density decreased. The relationship was affected by tuning the negative substrate bias potential and
the substrate temperature during film growth. A decrease in film density, by a factor of 1.55, caused an elastic modulus reduction
by a factor of 4.5, most likely due to formation of nano-pores containing Ar. It appears evident that the large scattering
in the published data on elastic properties of films with identical chemical composition can readily be understood by density
variations. These results are important for understanding the elastic properties of boron suboxide, but may also be qualitatively
relevant for other B-based material systems.
Received: 22 February 2002 / Accepted: 11 April 2002 / Published online: 10 September 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +46-13/288-918, E-mail: denmu@ifm.liu.se 相似文献
7.
Y.L. Tang D.J. Branagan D.J. Miller M.J. Kramer R.W. McCallum 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(6):987-989
The microstructures of nanophase Pr-Co-C-(Ti) materials, which have improved magnetic properties, were investigated by means
of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to reveal their phase assemblage and grain-boundary structure. The phase assemblage
was carefully controlled by the introduction of TiC nanoparticles and annealing. The optimal nanostructure contained uniformly
distributed PrCo5 and PrCo2 nanophases without any magnetically soft phases, resulting in high coercivity and the characteristics of a single, hard magnetic
phase. TEM analysis confirmed the presence of an amorphous grain-boundary phase surrounding the grains in alloys without TiC.
In contrast, alloys with added TiC showed no amorphous phase and also showed higher coercivity compared to Co-Pr-C. Therefore,
the variation of the grain boundary phases may be effective in changing the degree of exchange coupling. Controlling the formation
of a uniform nanoscale microstructure, leading to improved magnetic properties, is discussed.
Received: 5 September 2002 / Accepted: 10 September 2002 / Published online: 22 January 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-630/252-7777, E-mail: ytang@anl.gov 相似文献
8.
S.S. Yi J.S. Bae B.K. Moon J.H. Jeong I.W. Kim H.L. Park 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(3):433-437
ZnGa2O4 thin-film phosphors have been grown on Si(100), Al2O3(0001) and MgO(100) substrates using pulsed laser deposition. The structural characterization was carried out on a series
of ZnGa2O4 films grown on various substrates under various substrate temperatures and oxygen pressures. The films grown on these substrates
not only have different crystallinity and surface morphology, but also different Zn/Ga composition ratio. The crystallinity
and photoluminescence (PL) of the ZnGa2O4 films are highly dependent on the deposition conditions, in particular the stoichiometry ratio of Zn/Ga and the kind of substrate.
The variation of Zn/Ga in the films also depends on not only the oxygen pressure but also the substrate temperature during
deposition. The PL properties of pulsed laser deposited ZnGa2O4 thin films have indicated that Al2O3(0001) and MgO(100) are promising substrates for the growth of high-quality ZnGa2O4 thin films and that the luminescence brightness depends on the substrate. The luminescence spectra show a broad band extending
from 350 to 600 nm and peaking at 460 nm.
Received: 11 July 2002 / Accepted: 31 July 2002 / Published online: 28 October 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +82-51-6206356, E-mail: jhjeong@pknu.ac.kr 相似文献
9.
S.M. Huang M.H. Hong B. Lukiyanchuk T.C. Chong 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,77(2):293-296
Nanostructures on metal film surfaces have been written directly using a pulsed ultraviolet laser. The optical near-field
effects of the laser were investigated. Spherical silica particles (500–1000 nm in diameter) were placed on metal films. After
laser illumination with a single laser shot, nanoholes were obtained at the original position of the particles. The mechanism
for the formation of the nanostructure patterns was investigated and found to be the near-field optical resonance effect induced
by the particles on the surface. The size of the nanohole was studied as a function of laser fluence and silica particle size.
The experimental results show a good agreement with those of the relevant theoretical calculations of the near-field light
intensity distribution. The method of particle-enhanced laser irradiation allows the study of field enhancement effects as
well as its potentialapplications for nanolithography.
Received: 10 December 2002 / Accepted: 20 January 2003 / Published online: 28 May 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +65-777/1349, E-mail: HUANG_Sumei@dsi.a-star.edu.sg 相似文献
10.
V. Brien A. Dauscher P. Weisbecker F. Machizaud 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(2):187-195
The preparation in thin film form of the known icosahedral phase in Ti-Ni-Zr bulk alloys has been investigated as a function
of substrate temperature. Films were deposited by pulsed laser deposition on sapphire substrates at temperatures ranging from
room temperature to 350 °C. Morphological and structural modifications have been followed by grazing-incidence and θ–2θ X-ray
diffraction, transmission electron diffraction and imaging. Chemical composition has been analyzed by electron probe microanalysis.
The in-depth variation of composition has been studied by secondary neutral mass spectroscopy. We show that pulsed laser deposition
at 275 °C makes the formation of a 1-μm-thick film of Ti-Ni-Zr quasicrystalline textured nanocrystallites possible.
Received: 7 June 2001 / Accepted: 18 February 2002 / Published online: 3 June 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +33-3/8357-6300, E-mail: brien@mines.u-nancy.fr 相似文献
11.
Interfaces with vapor-deposited polyaniline thin films are investigated using angle-resolved X-ray photoemission spectroscopy.
We demonstrate that a diffuse interface is formed with sodium deposited on top of polyaniline, and the distribution of sodium
atoms, in the near surface region of the polyaniline thin film, is quite uniform. In comparison, the interface between polyaniline
and another polymer, PVDF-TrFE, is rather abrupt and a flat-band model can be applied to the interface band structure.
Received: 29 November 2002 / Accepted: 16 December 2002 / Published online: 28 March 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-402/472-2879, Email: pdowben@unl.edu 相似文献
12.
G.S. Wang X.J. Meng Z.Q. Lai J. Yu J.L. Sun S.L. Guo J.H. Chu 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(1):83-86
Ferroelectric Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12 (BLT) thin films have been grown on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by chemical solution methods. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that BLT thin films are polycrystalline with
(171)-preferential orientation. Atomic force microscopy investigation shows that they have large grains about 120 nm in size.
A Pt/BLT/Pt capacitor has been fabricated and showed excellent ferroelectricity, with a remnant polarization and coercive
field of 24 μC/cm2 and 116 kV/cm, respectively. The capacitor shows no polarization fatigue up to 109 switching cycles. The optical constants (n,k) of the BLT thin films in the wavelength range 0.35–1.7 μm were obtained by
spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements, and the band-gap energy was found to be about 3.25 eV.
Received: 16 October 2001 / Accepted: 6 January 2002 / Published online: 3 June 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +86-21/65830-734, E-mail: gswang@mail.sitp.ac.cn 相似文献
13.
C. Ronning 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,77(1):39-50
Opposite to most other deposition methods, the dominating nucleation and growth mechanism during ion-beam deposition of energetic
ions in the range between 10 eV and 10 keV occurs in a region of a few nanometers below the surface of the growing film. This
process is called ‘subplantation’ – emphasizing the implantation of ions into a subsurface region. Ordering and phase formation
is a result of the interaction of the deposited ions with the solid state that takes place within the short time scale of
femto- and picoseconds. This extreme non-equilibrium process can result in metastable amorphous or crystalline structures.
This review will present several examples of the influence of the deposition parameters on the properties of diamond-like
materials synthesized using mass-selected ion-beam deposition. Furthermore, several existing models of the deposition process
will be presented and critically discussed.
Received: 11 November 2002 / Accepted: 12 November 2002 / Published online: 4 April 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +49-551/39-4493, E-mail: carsten.ronning@phys.uni-goettingen.de 相似文献
14.
W. Kuch 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(5):665-671
Photoelectron emission microscopy in connection with magnetic circular dichroism in soft X-ray absorption can be used for
the microscopic imaging of magnetic domains in layered thin film structures consisting of several magnetic layers. Due to
the element-selectivity of the method, the different magnetic layers in such a structure can be imaged separately, provided
that they contain different elements. This has been applied for the investigation of Co/Cu/Ni trilayers, epitaxially grown
on Cu (001). The magnetic coupling between the Co and Ni layers can be directly visualized from comparing layer-resolved magnetic
domain images of both layers. As a consequence of the competition between the anisotropy energies of the two magnetic layers
and the magnetic coupling energy, spin-reorientation transitions between collinear and non-collinear magnetic configurations
are observed. Apart from this globally observable magnetic interlayer coupling a micromagnetic coupling mechanism is also
evident from the layer-resolved domain images. It is caused by magnetostatic interaction of local stray fields from domain
walls.
Received: 22 August 2002 / Accepted: 2 October 2002 / Published online: 5 February 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +49-345/5511-223, E-mail: kuch@mpi-halle.de 相似文献
15.
G. Padeletti A. Cusmá G.M. Ingo A. Santoni S. Loreti C. Minarini M. Viticoli 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(5):801-808
In the last few years, intensive research activity has been focused on the development of suitable synthesis methods for high-permittivity
materials, used for the realization of next-generation microdevices able to fulfil the previsions of the Technology Roadmap
of Semiconductors. The use of high-permittivity materials can overcome the difficulties concerning the production of SiO2-based ultra-thin dielectrics, such as the generation of pinholes and the non-uniformity of the film, which may result in
a malfunction in high-density systems. Recently, zirconium titanate thin films were discovered to have very interesting dielectric
properties, which suggests a use for them in microwave integrated systems, such as receivers or DRAMs, since they are monophasic,
have little dissipation and show a good thermal stability and a high value for the dielectric constant, independent of frequency
in the range from kilohertz to a few gigahertz. Real application is possible only in strict connection with the development
of a suitable preparation method which allows production with controlled and reproducible characteristics. In this work, the
synthesis and characterization of ZrxTi1-xO4 (ZT) thin films grown via MO-CVD is described, studying the influence of growth parameters on their structural, chemical
and physical properties.
Received: 17 June 2002 / Accepted: 24 June 2002 / Published online: 4 November 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +39-06/9067-2445, E-mail: Pad@mlib.cnr.it 相似文献
16.
Nanoscale effects in focused ion beam processing 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Focused ion beams with diameters of 8 to 50 nm are used for material processing in the nanoscale regime. In this paper, effects
of the ion beam–solid interaction determining the formation of small structures by ion-beam sputtering and chemically assisted
material deposition and etching are investigated. In the case of decreasing feature size, angle-dependent sputtering, a non-constant
sputter rate, and scattered ions play an important role. The impact on side-wall angle, aspect ratio, and shape of the bottom
of the etched structures is discussed. In beam tail regions, these effects will be especially pronounced, leading to material
swelling instead of material removal. Ion beam assisted etching and deposition will face additional effects. For small structures,
gas depletion becomes a significant drawback. The impact on gas depletion and the competition with sputtering are discussed.
Received: 21 August 2002 / Accepted: 21 August 2002 / Published online: 12 February 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +49-9131/761360, E-mail: frey@iis-b.fhg.de 相似文献
17.
G. Zimmermann A. Born B. Ebersberger C. Boit 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(6):885-888
The article presents an overview of the current status of scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM) with respect to applications
in the failure analysis of modern semiconductor devices. Examples for top-down and cross-sectional SCM imaging and the importance
of an optimized sample preparation for improved SCM results will be discussed. An outlook on SCM requirements for future-technology
generations highlights the usefulness of high aspect ratio tips for SCM measurements.
Received: 2 September 2002 / Accepted: 2 September 2002 / Published online: 5 March 2003
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. E-mail: gunnar.zimmermann@infineon.com 相似文献
18.
J. Gonzalo O. Sanz A. Perea J.M. Fernández-Navarro C.N. Afonso J. García López 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(6):943-946
Heavy metal oxide thin films of the ternary system Nb2O5–GeO2–PbO have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition in an O2 environment from either glassy or crystalline bulk samples. The range of ([Pb]+[Nb]) content in which the films are optically
homogeneous and transparent is much broader (0.5–1.0) than that of the bulk samples considered in the present work (0.55–0.62).
The imaginary part of the refractive index is very low in all cases (k<10-3), whereas the real part increases linearly with the ([Pb]+[Nb]) content up to values as high as 2.35. The optical energy
gap has been found to be strongly dependent on [Pb], whereas it is almost independent of [Nb]. This dependence is discussed
in terms of the role of Pb and Nb as network modifiers or formers.
Received: 5 August 2002 / Accepted: 8 August 2002 / Published online: 17 December 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +34-91/564-5557, E-mail: j.gonzalo@io.cfmac.csic.es 相似文献
19.
Dobrev D. Neumann R. Angert N. Vetter J. 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2003,76(5):787-790
A method for direct electrochemical metal duplication of pores in ion-track polymer membranes is described. It allows fabrication
of metallic membranes using any metal, which is readily deposited by electroplating from aqueous solutions. The metal is deposited
on one side of the template membrane, facing the anode, which is made conductive by a thin metal cladding layer. During electroplating,
the lateral tapping of the pores is prevented by applying a counter-solution from the opposite non-metallized side of the
plastic membrane, which increases dramatically the deposition overvoltage in the vicinity of the pore orifices. Such metallic
membranes can be generated with pore diameters in the nano- and micrometer range and with densities from single pores up to
106–107 pores/cm2. They can replace plastic filters in cases when an application of polymer material is not desirable. They could be advantageous
particularly in catalysis as well as in biological science and technology. Further, they may be useful as apertures and collimators
for different kinds of radiation.
Received: 14 February 2002 / Accepted: 21 May 2002 / Published online: 22 November 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +49-6159/712-179, E-mail: r.neumann@gsi.de 相似文献
20.
Thin silicate sol-gel films with four different crack patterns were created reproducibly by controlling the film deposition
parameters. The crack geometry, periodicity, and amplitude were studied experimentally as a function of the film thickness,
curing time, and temperature. Direct evidence was found that the physical interplay between stress relief through film cracking
and stress relief through film warping results in sawtooth, spiral, closed loop, or straight line crack trajectories.
Received: 25 March 2002 / Accepted: 1 July 2002 / Published online: 17 December 2002
RID="*"
ID="*"Corresponding author. Fax: +1-941-359-4396, Email: sendova@ncf.edu 相似文献