Orthopalladation of phosphorus ylides in endo position with bidentate ligands

The ortho-metallated complexes [Pd₂{κ²(C,C)-C₆H₄(PPh₂CHC(O)C₆H₅R}₂(μ-Cl)₂] (R = Ph (1a), NO₂ (1b), Br (1c)) were prepared by refluxing equimolar mixtures of Ph₃PCHC(O)C₆H₅R, (R = Ph, NO₂, Br) and Pd(OAc)₂ in MeOH, followed by an excess of NaCl. The dinuclear complexes (1a-1c) react with silver trifluoromethylsulfonate and bidentate ligands [L = bipy (2,2′-bipyridine), phen (phenanthroline), dppe (bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane), dppp (bis(diphenylphosphino)propane)] giving the mononuclear stabilized orthopalladated complexes in endo position [Pd{κ²(C,C)-C₆H₄(PPh₂CHC(O)R}L](OTf) [R = Ph, L = phen (2a), bipy (3a), dppe (4a), dppp (5a); R = NO₂, L = phen (2b), bipy (3b), dppe (4b), dppp (5b); R = Br, L = phen (2c), bipy (3c), dppe (4c), dppp (5c); OTf = trifluoromethylsulfonate anion]. Orthometalation and ylidic C-coordination are demonstrated by an X-ray diffraction study of 2c and 3c. In the structures, the palladium atom shows a slightly distorted square-planar coordination geometry.     

Preparation and characterization of two three-dimensional metal–organic photoluminescent supramolecular networks

Two novel photoluminescent coordination compounds of the formula [Cd(atpt)phen(H₂O)] · H₂O (1) and [Zn₂(atpt)₂(bipy)₂(H₂O)₂] (2) (H₂atpt = 2-aminoterephthalic acid, bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) were synthesized through the self-assembly of H₂atpt and N-containing ligands (bipy for 1 and phen for 2) with metal(II) ions in the presence of NaOH, and were characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray analysis and photoluminescence spectra in the solid state. Compound 1 is the first structurally characterized Cd(II) complex with the atpt ligand. The coordination mode of the atpt ligand in 2 is novel and is first reported in this presentation. X-ray crystallographic studies reveal that compound 1 shows a 1D architecture. Compound 1 further assembles into a 3D supramolecular network via interchain hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking interactions. Compound 2 exhibits a binuclear structure with intramolecular π–π stacking interactions, which is further extended into a 3D supramolecular framework via intermolecular hydrogen bonds and C–H?π interactions. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit green photoluminescence in the solid state at room temperature.     

Iron(III) mixed-ligand complexes: Synthesis,characterization and crystal structure determination of iron(III) hetero-ligand complexes containing 1,10-phenanthroline, 2,2′-bipyridine,chloride and dimethyl sulfoxide, [Fe(phen)Cl3(DMSO)] and [Fe(bipy)Cl3(DMSO)]

Treatment of [Fe(bipy)Cl₄][bipy · H] (1) and [Fe(phen)Cl₄][phen · H] (3) (where bipy is 2,2′-bipyridine and phen is 1,10-phenanthroline) with dimethyl sulfoxide in methanolic solution produced [Fe(bipy)Cl₃(DMSO)] (2) and [Fe(phen)Cl₃(DMSO)] (4) (where DMSO is dimethyl sulfoxide), respectively. The resulting complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV–Vis and ¹H NMR spectroscopies and by the X-ray diffraction method. These complexes are high spin with a spin multiplicity of 6.     

Synthesis and spectral characterization of zinc(II) complexes of N(4)-substituted thiosemicarbazone derived from salicylaldehyde: Structural study of a novel –OH free Zn(II) complex

Five novel zinc(II) complexes of salicylaldehyde 3-hexamethyleneiminyl thiosemicarbazone were synthesized and physico-chemically characterized. The complexes were given the formulae [Zn(HL)₂] (1), [Zn(L)py] (2), [Zn(L)bipy] · 3.5H₂O (3), [Zn(L)phen] · H₂O (4) and [Zn(L)γ-pic] (5). The thiosemicarbazone binds the metal as a dianionic ONS donor ligand in all the complexes, except in 1. Compound 1 is a homoleptic complex with zinc occupying the center of a distorted tetrahedral environment and being coordinated by two azomethine nitrogen and two thiolate sulfur atoms.     

Syntheses,crystal structures and photoluminescence of three coordination polymers with 2,3-pyrazinedicarboxylic acid and N-donor ligands

The reactions between Cd(OAc)₂/Cu(NO₃)₂ and mixed ligands (2,3-pyrazinedicarboxylic acid (pzdc) and N-donor ligands) under different reaction conditions give the three title complexes 1, 2 and 3. There is a (4,8) net 2D network structure and a rectangular grid network structure in the cadmium complexes [Cd(pzdc)(phen)] · H₂O (1) and Cd₂(pzdc)₂(4,4′-bpy)(H₂O)₂ (2), respectively. The complex [Cu₄(pzdc)₄(phen)₂(H₂O)₄] · 10H₂O (3) has a 1D zigzag chain structure. The influences of coordination modes of the pzdc ligand and N-donor ligands on the superstructural diversity have been discussed. Complexes 1 and 2 exhibit strong fluorescent emission bands in the solid state at room temperature. The EPR spectrum of 3 is typical for a square-pyramidal geometry of copper (II) ions.     

Various coordination architectures constructed from N-[(carboxyphenyl)-sulfonyl]glycine: Structural variation via ligand isomerism effects and metal-directed assembly

Using Cu(II), Mn(II) or Co(II) salt and the flexible ligands, N-[(4-carboxyphenyl)-sulfonyl]glycine (H₃L₁) and N-[(3-carboxyphenyl)-sulfonyl]glycine (H₃L₂), a series of new coordination polymers, [Mn(phen)(H₂O)₄][HL₁] (1), [Co₃(L₁)₂(bipy)₃(H₂O)₆]_n·8nH₂O (2), [Cu₄(L₁)₂(OH)₂(bipy)₄]_n·12nH₂O (3), [Na(H₂L₁)(H₂O)]_n (4), [Mn₂(HL₂)₂(dpe)₃(H₂O)₂]_n·ndpe (5), (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine, dpe = 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene), varying from 0D to 3D, have been synthesized and structurally characterized. Compound 1 has a [Mn(phen)(H₂O)₄]²⁺ cation and a HL₁²⁻ anion. Compound 2 features a new 1D triple chain, based on octahedral cobalt atoms bridged by bipy molecules and terminally coordinated by two H₃L₁ ligands. Compound 3 has a 2D layered structure, constructed from new alternating chains where H₃L₁, hydroxyl and water molecules simultaneously act as bridging ligands. Compound 4 possesses a bilayer structure in which two adjacent layers are pillared by H₃L₁ ligands into a 2D bilayer network. Compound 5 is a unique 3D coordination polymer in which each Mn center binds two trans-located dpe molecules. The thermal stability as well as magnetic properties of 5 was also studied. This work and our previous work indicate that the positional isomer of the anionic N-[(carboxyphenyl)-sulfonyl]glycine is important in the construction of these network structures, which are also significantly regulated by the metal centers.     

Syntheses,structures, network topologies and photoluminescence of four Zn(II) and Cd(II) coordination polymers based on 5-carboxyl-1-carboxymethyl-2-oxidopyridinium

5-Carboxyl-1-carboxymethyl-2-oxidopyridinium (H₂CCOP) and a combination of N-donor ligands, such as 4,4′-bipyridine (4,4′-bipy) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) with d¹⁰ metal ions Zn(II) and Cd(II) give rise to four coordination polymers, namely, [Zn₂(CCOP)(OH)₂(H₂O)] (1), [Zn(CCOP)(phen)(H₂O)]·H₂O (2), [Cd(CCOP)(H₂O)₂]·3H₂O (3), and [Cd(CCOP)(H₂O)] (4). Polymer 1 features an unusual bilayer motif and forms the final (3,8)-connected 3D topology by hydrogen bonds. Polymer 2 consists of one-dimensional (1D) chains which are further connected with each other via hydrogen bonds to form the final interesting (3,6)-connected rutile network. Polymer 3 is made up of an unusual 2D structure containing cylinder channels in the b axis and features the (4,4)-connected 3D network by hydrogen bonds. Polymer 4 presents an interesting uninodal 4-connected net compared to polymer 3. These four coordination polymers are obtained by evaporation or hydrothermal route and characterized by analytical, spectroscopic, and crystallographic methods. Photoluminescence studies revealed that these four coordination polymers display structure-related fluorescent emission bands (λ_ex = 342 nm) at 361 nm for polymer 1, 404 nm for polymer 2, 367 nm for polymer 3, and 371 nm for polymer 4 in the solid state at room temperature.     

Synthesis,spectral and EPR studies of oxovanadium(IV) complexes incorporating tridentate ONO donor hydrazone ligands: Structural study of one oxovanadium(V) complex

Five oxovanadium(IV) complexes of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde nicotinic acid hydrazone (H₂L¹), 2-hydroxy-4-methoxyacetophenone nicotinic acid hydrazone (H₂L²) and a binuclear oxovanadium(V) complex of H₂L² have been synthesized. These complexes were characterized by different physicochemical techniques like electronic, infrared and EPR spectral studies. The complexes [VOL¹]₂ · H₂O (1) and [VOL²]₂ · H₂O (4) are binuclear and [VOL¹bipy] (2), [VOL¹phen] · 1.5H₂O (3) and [VOL²phen] · 2H₂O (6) are heterocyclic base adducts and are EPR active. In frozen DMF at 77 K, all the oxovanadium(IV) complexes show axial anisotropy with two sets of eight line patterns. The complex [VOL² · OCH₃]₂ (5) is an unusual product and has distorted octahedral geometry, as obtained by X-ray diffraction studies.     

Solvothermal syntheses and crystal structures of new Cu(II) complexes with phenylsuccinic acid

Five new Cu(II) complexes [Cu(psa)(phen)] · 3H₂O (1), [Cu(psa)(2bpy)] · 0.5H₂O (2), [Cu(psa)(2bpy)(H₂O)] · 3H₂O (3), [Cu(psa)(4bpy)] · H₂O (4), and [Cu(psa)_0.5(N₃)(2bpy)] (5) (H₂psa = phenylsuccinic acid, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, 2bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, and 4bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine) were obtained under solvothermal conditions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 2 and 3 were formed by one-pot reaction. In complex 2, Cu(II) ion is four-coordinated and locates at a slightly distorted square center. In complex 3, the coordinated water molecule occupies the axial site of Cu(II) ion forming a tetragonal pyramid geometry. Complexes 1 and 3 are of 1D chain structures, and extended into 2D supramolecular network by hydrogen bonds. Complex 2 is of zipper structure, and further assembled into 2D supramolecular network by hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking interactions. Complex 4 is a 3D CdSO₄-like structure with twofold interpenetration, while complex 5 is a dinuclear compound. The different structures of complexes 1–5 can be attributed to using the auxiliary ligands, indicating an important role of the auxiliary ligands in assembly and structure of the title complexes.     

Syntheses and characterizations of nine coordination polymers of transition metals with carboxylate anions and bis(imidazole) ligands

Nine new compounds, namely [CuL1(biim-6)] · H₂O (1), [ZnL1(biim-6)] · H₂O (2), [MnL1(biim-6)] · H₂O (3), [MnL1(biim-4)] (4), [Co₂(L2)₂(biim-5)₃ · 6H₂O] · 8H₂O (5), [ZnL3(biim-6)] (6), [ZnL3(biim-5)] (7), [CdL3(biim-5) · 1.5H₂O] · 0.5H₂O (8) and [CdL4(biim-6) · 2H₂O] (9) [where L1 = oxalate anion, L2 = fumarate anion, L3 = phthalate anion, L4 = p-phthalate anion, biim-4 = 1,1′-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(imidazole), biim-5 = 1,1′-(1,5-pentanedidyl)bis(imidazole) and biim-6 = 1,1′-(1,6-hexanedidyl)bis(imidazole)] were successfully synthesized. Compounds 1–3 are isostructural, and display 2D polymeric structures. Compound 4 shows a threefold interpenetrating diamondoid framework. In compound 5, the anions act as counterions, and the metal cations are bridged by bis(imidazole) ligands to form 1D polymeric chains. Compounds 6–9 show 2D polymeric structures. The magnetic properties for 1, 3 and 4 and luminescent properties for 2 and 6–9 are discussed. Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) for these compounds are also discussed.     

Mononuclear,dinuclear and hydroxo-bridged tetranuclear complexes from reactions of Cu ions,mandelic acid and diimine ligands

The reaction of copper(II) hydroxocarbonate, mandelic acid (H₂MANO) and 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) in water affords [Cu(bpy)(μ₂-MANO)]₂ · 8H₂O (1), [Cu(bpy)(MANO)] · 4H₂O (2) and the opened tetranuclear hydroxo-bridged copper(II) complexes of formulae [Cu₄(μ₃-OH)₂(μ₂-MANO)₂(bpy)₄](phglyo)₂ · 8H₂O (3) (phglyo = phenylglyoxylate) or [Cu₄(μ₃-OH)₂(μ₂-OH)₂(OH₂)₂(phen)₄](Bza)₂(OH)₂ · 5H₂O (4) (Bza = benzoate), respectively. The compounds have been characterized by spectroscopic techniques and studied by single-crystal X-ray diffractometry. The formation of 3 and 4 takes place in basic media through dehydrogenation or oxidative dehydrogenation followed by in situ oxidative decarboxylation of mandelic acid to phenylglyoxylate or benzoate, respectively. These results indicate that cooperative catalysis of diimine ancillary ligands and copper(II) is essential.     

New 3d–4f supramolecular systems constructed by [Fe(bipy)(CN)4] and partially blocked lanthanide cations

The reaction of acetonitrile (1–5) and mixed acetonitrile/water 1:1 (6–9) solutions containing the cyanide-bearing [Fe(bipy)(CN)₄]⁻ building block (bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine) and the partially blocked [Ln(bpym)]³⁺ cation (Ln = lanthanide trivalent cation and bpym = 2,2′-bipyrimidine) has afforded two new families of 3d–4f supramolecular assemblies of formula [Ln(bpym)(NO₃)₂(H₂O)₃][Fe(bipy)(CN)₄] · H₂O · CH₃CN [Ln = Sm (1), Gd (2), Tb (3), Dy (4) and Ho (5)] and [Ln(bpym)(NO₃)₂(H₂O)₄][Fe(bipy)(CN)₄] [Ln = Pr (6), Nd (7), Sm (8), Gd (9)]. They crystallize in the P2₁/c (1–5) and P2/c (6–9) space groups and their structures are made up of [Fe(bipy)(CN)₄]⁻ anions (1–9) and [Ln(bpym)(NO₃)₂(H₂O)_n]⁺ cations [n = 3 (1–5) and 4 (6–9)] with uncoordinated water and acetonitrile molecules (1–5) which are interlinked through an extensive network of hydrogen bonds and π–π stacking into three-dimensional motifs. Both families have in common the occurrence of the low-spin iron(III) unit [Fe(bipy)(CN)₄]⁻ where two bipy–nitrogen and four cyanide–carbon atoms build a somewhat distorted octahedral surrounding around the iron atom [Fe–N = 1.980(3)–1.988(3) Å (1–5) and 1.988(2)–1.992(2) Å (6–9); Fe–C = 1.904(5)–1.952(4) Å (1–5) and 1.911(2)–1.948(3) Å (6–9)]. The main structural difference between both families concerns the environment of the lanthanide atom which is nine- (1–5)/10-coordinated (6–9) with a chelating bpym, two bidentate nitrate and three (1–5)/four (6–9) water molecules building distorted monocapped (1–5)/bicapped (6–9) square antiprisms. This different lanthanide environment is at the origin of the different hydrogen bonding pattern of the two families of compounds.     

Synthesis,characterization and superoxide dismutase activity of some octahedral nickel(II) complexes

Four new mixed ligand nickel(II) complexes viz., [Ni(tren)(phen)](ClO₄)₂ (1), [Ni(tren)(bipy)](ClO₄)₂ (2), [Ni(SAA)(PMDT)] · 2H₂O (3) and [Ni(SAA)(TPTZ)] (4) (tren = tris(2-aminoethylamine), phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine, SAA = salicylidene anthranilic acid, PMDT = N,N,N′,N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, TPTZ = 2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-1,3,5-triazine) have been synthesized and characterized by means of elemental analysis, spectroscopic, magnetic susceptibility and cyclic voltammetric measurements. Single crystal X-ray analysis of [Ni(tren)(phen)](ClO₄)₂ (1) and [Ni(SAA)(PMDT)] · 2H₂O (3) has revealed the presence of a distorted octahedral geometry. Superoxide dismutase activity of these complexes has also been measured.     

Syntheses and characterizations of four metal coordination polymers constructed by the pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate ligand

A series of metal-organic frameworks, namely [Ni(PDB)(H₂O)]_n (1), [Pb(PDB)(H₂O)] · (H₂O) (2), [Co₂(PDB)₂(bpy)₂(H₂O)₄] · 4H₂O (3) and [Co₂(PDB)₂(phen)₂]_n (4) (H₂PDB = pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid, bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), have been synthesized based on pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate acid and two neutral chelate ligands, with different metal ions such as Ni^II, Co^II and Pb^II, under hydrothermal conditions. The framework structures of these polymeric complexes have been determined by the X-ray single crystal diffraction technique. In the four complexes, the pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate acid ligand exhibits diverse coordination modes, which play an important role in the construction of metal-organic frameworks. The thermal analyses of these four complexes have been measured and discussed. In addition, complex 2 shows strong phosphorescent emission at room temperature and the magnetic measurement of the polymer of 4 reveals a typical antiferromagnetic exchange.     

Novel octahedral nickel(II) dithiocarbamates with bi- or tetradentate N-donor ligands: X-ray structures of [Ni(Bzppzdtc)(phen)2]ClO4 · CHCl3 and [Ni(Bz2dtc)2(cyclam)]

A series of novel octahedral nickel(II) dithiocarbamate complexes involving bidentate nitrogen-donor ligands (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) or a tetradentate ligand (cyclam = 1,4,8,11-tetraazacycloteradecane) of the composition [Ni(BzMetdtc)(phen)₂]ClO₄ (1), [Ni(Pe₂dtc)(phen)₂]ClO₄ (2), [Ni(Bzppzdtc)(phen)₂]ClO₄ · CHCl₃ (3), [Ni(Bzppzdtc)(phen)₂](SCN) (4), [Ni(BzMetdtc)(bpy)₂]ClO₄ · 2H₂O (5), [Ni(Pe₂dtc)(cyclam)]ClO₄ (6), [Ni(BzMetdtc)₂(cyclam)] (7), [Ni(Bz₂dtc)₂(cyclam)] (8) and [Ni(Bz₂dtc)₂(phen)] (9) (BzMetdtc = N,N-benzyl-methyldithiocarbamate(1-) anion, Pe₂dtc = N,N-dipentyldithiocarbamate(1-) anion, Bz₂dtc = N,N-dibenzyldithiocarbamate(1-) anion, Bzppzdtc = 4-benzylpiperazinedithiocarbamate(1-) anion), have been synthesized. Spectroscopic (electronic and infrared), magnetic moment and molar conductivity data, and thermal behaviour of the complexes are discussed. Single crystal X-ray analysis of 3 and 8 confirmed a distorted octahedral arrangement in the vicinity of the nickel atom with a N₄S₂ donor set. They represent the first X-ray structures of such type complexes. The catalytic influence of complexes 2, 3, 6, and 7 on graphite oxidation was studied and discussed.     

Characterization of three new divalent zinc coordination polymers involving fluorinated carboxylate tecton via the modulation of heterocyclic N-donor co-ligands

Three new fluorous coordination polymers with a fluorinated carboxylate tecton and N-donor co-ligands, {[Zn₂(hfipbb)₂(phen)₂]·2H₂O}_n (1), [Zn₂(hfipbb)₂(bipy)(H₂O)]_n (2), and [Zn₅(hfipbb)₄ (Hhfipbb)₂ (bpp)]_n (3), [H₂hfipbb = 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(benzoic acid), phen = 1,10-phenthroline, bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine, and bpp = 1,3-bi(4-pyridyl)propane], have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra, and X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 exhibits a 3D supramolecular network assembled from two independent 1D chain motifs [Zn(hfipbb)(phen)] through π?π stacking, and C-H?F and O-H?O interactions. Compound 2 features 2D undulating layer structure with 4⁴-sql network. Whereas, in compound 3, pentanuclear [Zn₅(η²-O)₂(μ²-η¹:η¹-CO₂)]²⁻ cores are bridged by hfipbb²⁻ and bpp ligands into a 3D 6-connected sxd framework with a point symbol of (3³·4⁶·5⁵·6). The diverse arrangements of the compounds show the modulation of the heterocyclic N-donor co-ligands can suitably mediate the coordination requirement of metal centers as well as the binding modes of fluorinated carboxylate tecton, which consequently generate diverse crystalline architectures. In addition, the properties of thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, and photoluminescent behaviors of the compounds have also been discussed.     

Architecture of zero-, one-, two- and three-dimensional structures based on metal ions and pyrazine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid

Six new complexes: [Ln₂(pzda)₃(H₂O)₂] · 2.5H₂O (Ln = Nd, (1); Eu, (2)), [Co(pzda) (bpe)] · 0.125(bpe) · 1.75H₂O (3), [Mn(pzda)(H₂O)_1.5] (4), [Co₂(pzda)₂(bpe)(H₂O)₄] · 0.5(CH₃OH) · H₂O (5) and [Co(pzda)(2,2′-bpy)(H₂O)] · 0.5H₂O (6) (H₂pzda = pyrazine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, bpe = 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane, 2,2′-bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) were obtained from metal salts and H₂pzda under hydro(solvo)thermal conditions. The single crystal X-ray structural analysis reveals that the title complexes have different structures, ranging from zero- to three- dimensions, which are mainly due to the different metal ions, and especially the coordination modes of the pzda ligands. Complexes 1 and 2 have 3D metal-organic frameworks containing a 1D tri-strand array, in which the pzda ligand adopts a pentadentate mode to link lanthanide ions. Complex 3 has a 2D metal-organic framework, in which the pzda ligand acts in a tetradentate mode to connect Co(II) ions into 1D chains, which are further connected by bpe spacers into a 2D framework. While in 4, both of the two carboxylate groups of the pzda ligand adopt μ₂-O bridging modes to link Mn(II) ions into a 1D coordination polymer, which is further assembled into a 2D supramolecular network containing double-stranded hydrogen-bonded helical chains. In both 5 and 6, the pzda ligand binds metal ions as a tridentate ligand (ONO mode) to form zero dimensional structures. Complex 5 is a binuclear molecule, while 6 is a mononuclear complex, which can be attributed to the bridging ligand bpe for 5 and the terminal auxiliary ligand 2,2′-bpy for 6.     

Luminescent zinc and cadmium metal-organic frameworks based on tetrazole ligands

Three metal-organic frameworks with 1D zigzag chain [Zn(dte)(H₂O)₃]·2H₂O (1), 2D double layer [Cd(dtb)(H₂O)(phen)] (2), 3D network [Zn(dte)(phen)] (3) based on tetrazole-based ligands (H₂dtb = 1,3-dis(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)benzene, H₂dte = 1,4-ditetrazolylethylene, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), have been synthesized and characterized. All the compounds exhibit unusual strong luminescence at room temperature in the solid state and can be potentially used as luminescent materials.     

Assembly and structures of five new Cu(II) complexes based on the V-shaped building block [Cu(dbsf)]

Five new copper(II) complexes [Cu(dbsf)(H₂O)]_n · 0.5n(i-C₃H₇OH) (1), [Cu(dbsf)(4,4′-bpy)_0.5]_n · nH₂O (2), [Cu(dbsf)(2,2′-bpy)(H₂O)]₂ · (n-C₃H₇OH) · 0.5H₂O (3), [Cu(dbsf)(phen)(H₂O)]₂ · 1.5H₂O (4) and [Cu(dbsf)(2,2′-bpy)(H₂O)]_n · n(i-C₃H₇OH) (5) (H₂dbsf = 4,4′-dicarboxybiphenyl sulfone, 4,4′-bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine, 2,2′-bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, i-C₃H₇OH = isopropanol, n-C₃H₇OH = n-propanol) have been synthesized under hydro/solvothermal conditions. All of the complexes are assembled from V-shaped building blocks, [Cu(dbsf)]. Complex 1 is composed of 1D double-chains. In complex 2, dbsf²⁻ ligands and 4,4′-bpy ligands connect Cu(II) ions into catenane-like 2D layers. These catenane-like 2D layers stack in an ABAB fashion to form a 3D supramolecular network. Complexes 3 and 4 are 0D dimers, in which two [Cu(dbsf)] units encircle to form dimetal macrocyclic molecules. However, in complex 5, the V-shaped building blocks [Cu(dbsf)] are joined head-to-tail, resulting in the formation of infinite tooth-like chains. The different structures of complexes 3 and 5 may be attributed to the different solvent molecules included.     

Infinite chains constructed from flexible bis(benzimidazole)-based ligands

Two neutral ligands, L¹ · 2H₂O and L² · H₂O, and seven complexes, [Cu(pmb)₂(L¹)] (1), [Cu(pmb)₂(L²)] (2), [Cu(Ac)₂(L²)] · 4H₂O (3), [Cu(4-aba)₂(L²)] (4), [Ag(4-ts)(L¹)(H₂O)] (5), [Ag₂(epes)₂(L¹)] · 2H₂O (6), [Ag(1,5-nds)_0.5(L²)] · 0.5C₂H₅OH · H₂O (7) [where L¹ = 1,1′-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(2-methylbenzimidazole); L² = 1,1′-(1,4-butanediyl)bis(2-ethylbenzimidazole), pmb = p-methoxybenzoate anion; Ac = acetate anion; 4-aba = 4-aminobenzoate anion; 4-ts = p-toluenesulfonate anion; epes = N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N′-(2-ethanesulfonate) anion; 1,5-nds = 1,5-naphthalenedisulfonate anion], have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The L¹ and L² ligands in compounds 1–7 act as bridging ligands, linking metal ions into chain structures. The chains in compounds 3, 4 and 6 interlace with each other by hydrogen bonds to generate 3D supramolecular structures. In compound 5, π–π interactions between adjacent L¹ ligands hold the chains to a supramolecular layer. In compound 7, the sulfonate anions act as counterions in the framework. The thermal stabilities of 3, 6 and 7, and the luminescent properties for 5–7 in the solid states are also discussed.