基于虚拟仪器技术的加速度计集成自动测试系统

本介绍了一套基于虚拟仪器技术的加速度计集成自动测试系统。该系统采用NI公司的LabVIEW开发平台，实现了加速度计的静态性能、动态性能及灵敏度性能的自动测试，完成数据采集、测试的控制与实时显示、教据存储与分析处理以及所生成报表的浏览与打印等功能，提高了测试的精度和效率，为加速度计的性能分析与进一步改进提供基础。     

微机电系统磨损特性研究进展

对微机电系统,尤其是微旋转机械的磨损研究现状进行评述,介绍MEMS及微旋转机械中的各种磨损问题,分析材料和不同工况(表面粗糙度、环境以及载荷)等条件对MEMS及微旋转机械磨损性能的影响,介绍不同形式的磨损模型、分析方法与检测仪器,并对相关领域的研究进展进行展望.     

基于虚拟仪器的惯性敏感器自动测试系统

介绍了基于虚拟仪器技术的惯性敏感器自动测试系统的实现方法.系统可用于对多种敏感器进行测试,具有X-Y和V-T两种测试方式.系统除了能完成测试任务之外,还添加了仿真模块,可根据用户设定的敏感器指标模拟输出测试曲线,用于与实际测试情况进行比较.在数据处理与分析中建立了各种敏感器参数的解算模型,用户可根据实际测试需要进行动态选取.对测试需求进行了分析,提出了系统的总体方案与组成结构,对硬件配置作了说明,介绍了软件的模块化设计方案,列出了软件运行流程图,最后给出了测试实例.应用证明,该系统在功能、操作性、通用性及可靠性等方面达到了预期效果.     

进气道实验中动态数据采集及处理方法研究

本文介绍了进气道实验中动态数据采集及处理方法,研究了滤波器截止频率以及进气道不同流量对动态畸变指数的影响,对在干扰状态下得到的数据以传统方法、统计方法、误差方法进行了分析及处理,并对所得到的实时数据进行了频谱分析。     

参数激励下静电驱动微机电系统动力特性研究

充分考虑压膜阻尼效应的影响,提出参数激励下时变电容式静电驱动微机电系统的动力学模型,采用谐波平衡法分析在参数激励和强迫激励耦合作用下系统的幅频响应特性,探讨不同控制电压和频率比对系统幅频响应的影响,分别以交流电压幅值、频率比和压膜阻尼比为控制参数研究系统的非线性动力特性,结果表明,微尺度下静电驱动微机电系统在参数激励作用下存在较为丰富的分岔与混沌行为,压膜阻尼效应对系统动力特性的影响不可忽视.      

微机电系统的微观摩擦学研究进展

对微机电系统的微观摩擦学研究现状进行了综述,介绍了在微机电系统中摩擦学呈现的各种新特征,以及材料、环境和不同工况条件对微机电系统运行稳定性的影响,从微观摩擦学角度探讨了微机电系统的润滑问题,介绍了表面改性和薄膜润滑等在解决微机电系统润滑问题方面的研究现状,并对相关领域的工作进展进行了总结和展望。     

应用虚拟仪器技术的捷联式航姿系统

结合捷联式航姿系统的研究开发和运行特点，阐述了应用虚拟仪器技术提高研发效能的优越性。用虚拟仪器的体系结构实现了硬件与软件的完美结合。使用四阶龙格-库塔法实现四元数捷联修正算法，应用虚拟仪器技术设计了一套捷联式航姿系统。     

集成式动力总成机电耦合动态特性分析

综合考虑时变啮合刚度、齿轮啮合误差等因素,建立了斜齿轮六自由度非线性动力学方程;并根据集成式动力总成的机械系统和电机系统之间的耦合关系,推导出了集成式动力总成的非线性状态空间机电耦合方程,采用变步长Runge-Kutta法对机电耦合方程进行了数值求解.结合系统的分岔图、时域图、相图、Poincaré映射图和FFT频谱图研究了系统参数对系统振动的影响,分析了系统在电机电流、转子转速、时变刚度和齿轮啮合误差变化时的动力学特性.结果表明:随着电流变化,系统呈周期-混沌-周期的运动状态变化;随着时变刚度变化,系统呈周期倍化到混沌运动状态变化;随着齿轮啮合误差变化,系统由周期运动转变为混沌运动.研究为进一步改善集成式动力总成振动情况提供了依据.     

惯导模拟训练系统的设计与实现

构建一个全方位交互式的模拟训练环境则显得尤为必要和迫切.采用全虚拟仿真方式,严格依据真实惯导设备的操作流程,对构建出来的虚拟仪器进行属性、状态和触发行为的逻辑控制,并利用惯导设备的数学模型作为仿真系统的内核,在虚拟设备之间进行数据的交换、处理与显示,实现了整套惯导设备操作及状态的全过程模拟,而且用户与系统之间能够进行有效的交互和控制,起到了良好的训练效果.虚拟现实技术的引入,产生了全新的模拟训练方式,打破了时间和空间的限制,是传统训练方式的有效补充和完善.     

基于PC的多通道自带缓存数据采集系统的设计与实现

本文描述了一自带缓存的数据采集系统,并将本系统所采用的技术与通用的数据采集系统作了比较,最后提出了本系统作进一步升级的方法     

基于非线性优化的单目视觉/惯性组合导航算法

针对自主移动机器人在GPS拒止环境下准确实时定位的问题,提出一种单目视觉/惯性组合导航算法。为解决视觉/惯导工作频率不一致问题,利用预积分技术预先处理惯性测量值;引入了一种快速高精度线性初始化方法,分步估计初始系统尺度、重力方向、速度及零偏;结合全局地图三维点约束削弱累积误差,基于是否更新地图点,构建了两种基于非线性优化的单目视觉/惯性紧耦合模型,以保证导航的局部精度及全局一致性。实验结果表明:初始化方法可快速(15 s内)实现高精度状态初始化;与单目视觉导航算法相比,提出的算法不仅可获取绝对尺度信息,且导航精度更高;与传统滑动窗口非线性优化方法相比,提出的算法在窗口优化过程中加入全局地图三维点约束,可有效削弱累积误差,验证了算法的正确性和可行性。     

Design of fractional robust adaptive intelligent controller for uncertain fractional-order chaotic systems based on active control technique

In this paper, a robust fractional-order adaptive intelligent controller is proposed for stabilization of uncertain fractional-order chaotic systems. The intelligent neuro-fuzzy network is used to estimate unknown dynamics of system, while the neuro-fuzzy network parameters as well as the upper bounds of the model uncertainties, disturbances and approximation errors are adaptively estimated via separate adaptive rules. An SMC scheme, with a fractional-order sliding surface, is employed, as the controller to improve the velocity and performance of the proposed control system and to eliminate the unknown but bounded uncertainties, external disturbances and approximation errors. The Lyapunov stability theorem has been also employed to show the stability of the closed-loop system, robustness against uncertainties, external disturbances and approximation errors, while the control signal remains bounded. Explanatory examples and simulation results are given to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed procedure, which consent well with the analytical results.     

A two-scale second-moment turbulence closure based on weighted spectrum integration

A two-scale second-moment turbulence closure has been derived based on the weighted integration of the dynamic equation for the covariance spectrum. The goal is to close the Reynolds stress equations with two additional scalar equations that provide separately the scales of the spectral energy transfer and of the turbulence energy dissipation rate. Such a model should provide better prediction of nonequilibrium turbulent flows. The derivation consists of analytical integration of the wave-number-weighted covariance spectrum using a model of the spectral equations with an assumed simple representation of the shape of the energy spectrum. The resulting closure consists of a set of three tensorial equations, one for the Reynolds stress and two for length scale tensors, the latter representing the energy containing- and dissipative eddies respectively. The trace of the two tensor-scale equations leads to a set of two scalar scale parameters. In the equilibrium limit, the model reduces to the standard second-moment single-scale closure. The approach makes it also possible to derive the scale equations in a more systematic manner as compared with the common single-scale and other multi-scale models. The performance of the model in capturing the scale dynamics is illustrated by predictions of several generic homogeneous and inhomogeneous unsteady flows, demonstrating the expected response of the two scale equations. PACS 03.50.De, 04.20-q, 42.65-k     

基于试验设计与弹道仿真的制导工具误差快速评价方法

提出一种以射击精度作为评价标准,通过弹道仿真对制导工具误差进行快速综合评价的方法。讨论了正交试验设计、均匀设计、拉丁超立方设计等三种试验设计方法,并根据抽样数据的特点和不同抽样方法的要求,提出将拉丁超立方抽样法与对偶变数方差缩减技术相结合用于弹道仿真分析,建立了射击精度与制导工具误差系数的简明函数关系式,实现了对制导工具误差的有效评价。经仿真验证,本方法可行有效。     

Connection between the characteristics of the signal of a shadow instrument and the spectrum of the turbulence

The shadow method is one of the most widely used methods for investigating turbulence [1, 2]. Using a shadow instrument with photoelectric recording, there exists, in principal, the possibility of finding the statistical characteristics of the turbulence from the statistical characteristics of the random signal taken from the instrument. In the present work, an investigation is made of the connection between the mean value and the scattering of the signal of a shadow instrument and the energy spectrum of optical inhomogeneities in the medium.     

Instantaneous spectrum estimation of earthquake ground motions based on unscented Kalman filter method

Representing earthquake ground motion as time varying ARMA model,the instantaneous spectrum can only be determined by the time varying coefficients of the corresponding ARMA model.In this paper,unscented Kalman filter is applied to es- timate the time varying coefficients.The comparison between the estimation results of unscented Kalman filter and Kalman filter methods shows that unscented Kalman fil- ter can more precisely represent the distribution of the spectral peaks in time-frequency plane than Kalman filter,and its time and frequency resolution is finer which ensures its better ability to track the local properties of earthquake ground motions nd to identify the systems with nonlinearity or abruptness.Moreover,the estimation results of ARMA models with different orders indicate that the theoretical frequency resolving power of ARMA model which was usually ignored in former studies has great effect on the estima- tion precision of instantaneous spectrum and it should be taken as one of the key factors in order selection of ARMA model.     

基于非结构任意多边形网格的滑移面计算技术

基于任意多边形网格管理体系,针对流体多介质问题的数值模拟,发展了拉氏方法滑移面计算技术.文章给出了滑移线设置的数据结构,滑移线上主从点速度与位置的计算格式,及节点滑移后引起界面上点、相关网格邻域关系变化的算法.该滑移计算技术避免了传统算法中由于以模拟法(重叠或分离网格)代替直接法(拼接网格)而造成几何守恒律被破坏的缺陷.数值例子验证了该算法的可行性,体现了算法无缝连接的特点.     

基于水平阻尼的星光/惯性组合校准技术

根据星光/惯性组合导航系统舰载使用特点,考虑以SINS、CNS、LOG三者组合,设计组合校准方案。在SINS/CNS/LOG组合过程中,利用惯导系统的短期高精度特性,设计基于水平阻尼的卡尔曼滤波器对惯导舒勒周期进行补偿。星光/惯性组合校准技术建立在水平阻尼基础上,借助星光导航的航向和位置信息完成惯导位置误差、失准角和陀螺漂移的修正,从而实现组合系统长航时、远航程高精度导航。最后通过仿真对比试验验证星光/惯性组合导航系统校准方案的有效性。仿真结果表明:SINS/LOG组合后,惯导24 h位置误差CEP≤1.48 n mile,且位置误差会随时间积累;而SINS/CNS/LOG组合系统采用星光信息24 h一点校方案,第一次和第二次点校后,48 h和72 h惯导位置误差CEP≤0.5 n mile。由此可见,采用星光信息后,该组合方案能够显著提高惯导导航精度,达到延长惯导系统重调周期目的。     

The multiscale large deviation spectrum based on higher moments for financial time series

Nonlinear Dynamics - In this letter, based on large deviations theory, we propose to use higher moments (e.g., skewness, kurtosis) to investigate the multifractal features of large deviations...