喷涂法构筑二氧化硅纳米粒子涂层及其光学和润湿性质

采用Stöber方法,通过调节反应温度及乙醇和水的体积,合成了不同粒径的二氧化硅纳米粒子.以合成的粒径为20 nm的二氧化硅纳米粒子为原料,采用简单、方便的喷涂方法在玻璃片上构筑了纳米粒子涂层.在550 ℃煅烧二氧化硅纳米粒子涂层,增强了二氧化硅纳米粒子在玻璃片上的附着力.用1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-全氟辛基三乙氧基硅烷修饰之后,二氧化硅纳米粒子涂层的表面润湿性由亲水性转变为疏水性.通过喷涂法制备的二氧化硅纳米粒子涂层具有减反增透效果,当二氧化硅纳米粒子质量分数为0.48%、循环喷涂沉积数为3时,涂层在可见光范围内的最大透光率可达95.5%.用扫描电子显微镜观测涂层表面形貌发现,喷涂法制备的涂层是均匀的、可控的.喷涂技术构筑纳米粒子涂层具有简单快速、可大面积应用等优点.     

LC4铝合金表面电泳沉积硅锆有机-无机杂化涂层的制备及性能

采用阴极电泳沉积的方法在LC4铝合金表面制备硅锆有机-无机杂化涂层, 并探讨了电泳沉积条件对涂层形貌、结构以及耐蚀性的影响. 采用纳米粒度仪检测了不同硅锆杂化溶胶的zeta电位; 采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)观察了涂层的表面微观形貌和粗糙程度; 采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)研究了涂层的化学结构; 采用电化学方法研究了沉积电压对涂层耐蚀性能的影响, 进而探讨了电泳沉积增强杂化涂层耐蚀性的机理. 结果显示沉积体系的pH为1.6、沉积电压为5 V时为最佳的沉积条件, 所获得的硅锆有机-无机杂化涂层表面均匀致密性最好, 粗糙程度和耐蚀性都得到了明显的改善, 在3.5% NaCl溶液中体现出较好的耐蚀作用.     

表面活性剂辅助酸催化溶胶-凝胶法制备高强度超亲水二氧化硅减反增透纳米粒子涂层

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)、十六烷基三甲基溴化氨(CTAB)、盐酸(HCl)、乙醇和水为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法提拉涂膜,再经700 ℃快速淬火200 s,制备了二氧化硅（SiO2）纳米粒子涂层。 研究了CTAB浓度、提拉速度、停留时间和提拉涂膜次数对透射率的影响,结果表明,当CTAB质量分数为2.5%,提拉速度为100 mm/min,停留时间为60 s,提拉涂膜1次得到的SiO2纳米粒子涂层透射率最高,可达95.9%。 该涂层具备超亲水性并能耐受6H铅笔刮痕测试。 实验还表明,在SiO2溶胶液中加入CTAB,通过其与TEOS部分水解生成的物种的相互作用,可以改善酸性催化条件下形成的SiO2溶胶的微观结构,从而提高了涂层的透射率和亲水性。     

Au@SiO2核壳纳米粒子的制备及其表面增强拉曼光谱

采用柠檬酸钠还原氯金酸法制备金溶胶, 以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源, 氨水作催化剂, 制备以金为核, 二氧化硅为壳的核壳纳米粒子. 金纳米粒子的粒径可以通过柠檬酸钠和氯金酸的比例控制, 通过调节TEOS的量和反应的时间可以控制二氧化硅壳层的厚度. 以苯硫酚为探针分子研究了核壳结构纳米粒子的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)效应与二氧化硅壳层厚度之间的关系. 研究结果表明, 金内核电磁场增强效应随着二氧化硅壳层厚度的增加逐渐减弱, 且其衰减速度比具有相同尺度的双金属核壳结构纳米粒子的慢. 此外, 探针分子主要以物理作用吸附在二氧化硅的表面, 可通过洗涤方法将探针分子除去, 从而可使该复合结构基底用于循环SERS分析.     

二氧化硅-聚丙烯腈核-壳结构复合纳米粒子的制备与表征

以甲基丙烯酸-3-(三甲氧基硅基)丙酯改性的SiO2纳米粒子为种子,采用乳液聚合法制备了粒径分布较窄的SiO2-聚丙烯腈(SiO2-PAN)核-壳结构复合纳米粒子。采用动态光散射、傅里叶红外光谱、透射电镜和扫描电镜表征了复合纳米粒子的粒径及分布、组成、形态和结构,并研究了表面活性剂的加入方式、反应温度及交联剂的引入对制备SiO2-PAN复合纳米粒子的影响。结果表明:SiO2-PAN复合纳米粒子为核-壳结构。采用半连续加入表面活性剂的方法,可以成功抑制乳液聚合中次级粒子的生成。通过增加表面活性剂的初始加入量、加快表面活性剂的补加速率,或降低反应温度,可使SiO2-PAN复合纳米粒子的粒径变小。反应温度的降低以及交联剂的引入使SiO2-PAN复合纳米粒子的表面变得平滑。     

SiO_2/PVAc无机-有机复合微球的合成及其膜性能研究

以纳米二氧化硅粒子(SiO2)为稳定剂,在少量反应型阴离子乳化剂——烯丙氧基羟丙磺酸钠(HAPS)作助稳定剂的情况下,制备了具有草莓型结构的二氧化硅/聚醋酸乙烯酯(SiO2/PVAc)无机-有机纳米复合微球.研究表明,纳米SiO2与PVAc的氢键作用是形成这种单分散草莓型SiO2/PVAc无机-有机纳米复合微球的关键.透射电镜(TEM)观察显示,纳米SiO2吸附在PVAc表面,形成草莓型结构.讨论了纳米二氧化硅溶胶的种类和用量、乳化剂种类对复合微球形态及其膜性能的影响,并讨论了复合微球的形成机理.     

Zn-Al-[V_(10)O_(28)]~(6-)双层氢氧化物掺杂对LY12铝合金表面溶胶-凝胶涂层性能的影响

采用共沉淀法制备Zn-Al-[V10O28]6-双层氢氧化物(以下简称LDH-V),研究不同添加浓度(0.0、0.25×10-3、0.75×10-3、1.5×10-3、3.0×10-3mol·L-1)的LDH-V对LY12铝合金溶胶-凝胶涂层形貌、耐蚀性的影响.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱研究LDH-V对涂层形貌和结构的影响.运用中性盐雾实验对涂层进行耐蚀性评估.利用电化学方法对涂层在0.05 mol·L-1的NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为进行研究.探讨加入LDH-V后溶胶-凝胶涂层的耐蚀机理.结果表明,一定量LDH-V的加入不仅可以提高溶胶-凝胶涂层的耐蚀性能,还可对涂层被破坏区域进行自修复,起到延缓铝合金基体腐蚀的作用.然而,当LDH-V的添加溶度超过一定值时,会破坏涂层的完整性并降低涂层的腐蚀防护性能.实验结果表明LDH-V最佳的添加浓度为1.5×10-3mol·L-1.     

二氧化硅纳米颗粒/硅树脂复合超疏水功能涂层的制备和性能研究

将二氧化硅纳米颗粒和硅树脂制成混合液,采用喷涂法(spray-coating)制备出了具备超疏水性的复合涂层.研究了二氧化硅、硅树脂不同含量配比对涂层疏水性能的影响,结果表明复合涂层的接触角随二氧化硅含量的增加而增加.在二氧化硅含量大于3%(质量分数)时,涂层显现超疏水性;当二氧化硅含量为3%(质量分数)、硅树脂含量为7%(质量分数)时,涂层与水的接触角达到151.6°,滚动角接近0°.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察涂层表面的微观结构,发现超疏水性的涂层具备微-纳复合阶层结构,类球状突起粒径在5μm左右,类球状突起上分布纳米团聚颗粒,直径约为50 nm.这种类似荷叶表面的微(纳复合阶层结构,结合硅树脂的低表面能,使得复合涂层具备了超疏水性能.     

固相微萃取涂层及其形貌特征研究

采用物理涂渍、溶胶-凝胶技术(sol-gel)制备了固相微萃取(SPME)固相涂层：),γ-Al2O3涂层、聚丙烯酸树脂涂层、聚酰亚胺-二氧化硅溶胶凝胶涂层、聚酰亚胺-二氧化钛涂层。通过扫描电镜显示涂层表面形貌,并比较了萃取容量与涂层形貌间的关系.证明涂层的微观形态结构对涂层性能具有一定的影响,可以通过微观形态分析,了解不同微观结构对宏观性质的影响。     

SNAP溶胶组成对镁合金涂层耐蚀性的影响

本文利用纳米自组装颗粒工艺(SNAP)在AZ31B镁合金表面制备了防腐涂层。通过透射电镜(TEM)和扫描电镜(SEM)观察及电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、电导率测试等,对SNAP溶胶的纳米粒子形态和电导率,以及SNAP涂层的表面形貌和耐蚀性进行了测试,研究了不同含量的有机硅烷前躯体3-缩水甘油醚丙基三甲氧基硅烷(GPTMS)和正硅酸乙酯基硅烷(TEOS)、溶剂水、助溶剂无水乙醇、交联剂三乙烯四胺(TETA)等对镁合金SNAP涂层耐蚀性的影响。研究结果表明,随着溶胶中TEOS和TETA含量的增大,镁合金涂层耐蚀性呈先增大后减小的趋势;随着溶胶中水含量的增大,镁合金涂层耐蚀性提高;溶胶中无水乙醇的含量较低时,对镁合金涂层耐蚀性的影响较小。     

Ecofriendly new nanocomposites coating formulation of zinc reinforced with calcium oxide nanoparticles synthesis from oyster shell

The zinc coating of mild undergoes rapid corrosion for a short period of time in harsh environments. This affects the durable life and overall performance of the zinc coatings. The electrochemical, oxidation, and wear performance, as well as the surface morphological properties of new nanocomposites coating formulations of zinc reinforced with calcium oxide nanoparticles, were studied in order to improve the corrosion and wear performance of zinc coatings. A current density of 1.5–2.0 A/cm² was used for the electrodeposition. The wear, oxidation, hardness, corrosion rate, and morphological properties were evaluated. The characterization of these composite coatings showed low wear rates and higher corrosion and oxidation resistance. At 1.5A/cm² current density, a 65.53% enhancement in the hardness values and 57.14% oxidation protection were obtained. The smaller crystallite size of the deposited sample is the main reason for the lower corrosion and wear resistance and higher hardness values obtained. It was established that waste oyster can be used for the electrodeposition of mild steel to enhance corrosion resistance and hardness values. CaOnp made from oyster shells has been shown to make mild steel more resistant to corrosion, wear, and oxidation.     

Effect of formulation of silica‐based solution on corrosion resistance of silicate coating on hot‐dip galvanized steel

Several silica‐based solutions with 50 g/l of SiO₂ were prepared from sodium silicate solutions and silica sol; the silicate conversion coatings were obtained by immersing hot‐dip galvanized steel sheets in these solutions. These solutions were characterized using high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and ²⁹Si nuclear magnetic resonance; the morphology of the coatings was observed by SEM and atomic force microscopy while the corrosion resistance was evaluated by electrochemical measurements as well as neutral salt spray tests. The results show that the coatings obtained from the single silica sol solution had poor adhesion and the coating obtained from the sodium silicate solution with low SiO₂/Na₂O molar ratio was uneven. By adding the silica sol to the silicate solution with low molar ratio, uniform coatings with better protection property were obtained. According to the results of ²⁹Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, the effects of the distribution of silicate anions with various polymerization degrees in the silica‐based solutions on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the silicate coatings are discussed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Corn oil based poly(urethane-ether-amide)/fumed silica nanocomposite coatings for anticorrosion application

Poly(urethane-ether-amide) (PUIEtA) nanocomposite coatings on mild steel were prepared by using corn oil, isosorbide and isophorone diisocynate and fumed silica. The syntheses steps were confirmed by FTIR, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy techniques. The morphology of PUIEtA nanocomposite coating was studied by SEM-EDX, that confirmed the presence of nanosilica and thermal behavior was studied by DSC/TGA analysis. The anticorrosion performance of PUIEtA coating systems on mild steel, exposed to 3.5?wt% NaCl solution, was evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Scratch hardness, pencil hardness, adhesion, and bending test were performed in order to investigate the performance of nanocomposite coating on mild steel substrate. It was found that PUIEtA-fumed silica nanocomposite coating could provide much better protection than PUIEtA. PUIEtA-3 nanocomposite coating can be safely used up to 200?°C.     

Electrochemical corrosion resistance performance of sustainable resource-based nanoconducting polymer composites in alkaline medium

The corrosion resistance performance of poly (otoluidine) (POT)-dispersed castor oil-polyurethane, (COPU) nanocomposite coatings, POT/COPU, with three different compositions (i.e. 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 wt%) in alkaline medium is studied. The coatings are applied on mild steel specimens by brushing. Corrosion resistance behaviour of these coatings is investigated using potentiodynamic polarization measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and by weight loss. The morphological behaviour of corroded and uncorroded coated specimens is investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is interesting to report that the presence of conducting polymer nanoparticles in POT/COPU coatings suppresses the saponification of COPU in an alkaline environment. These investigations show that the dispersion of POT in COPU remarkably improves the corrosion resistance performance of COPU in alkaline media. POT/COPU (1.0 wt%) coatings have potential as anticorrosive-coating materials in alkaline media at higher pH. These coatings have a higher resistance to alkaline medium in comparison to other compositions.     

The electrodeposition and properties of Zn-Ni + Ni composite coatings

The Zn-Ni+Ni coatings were deposited under galvanostatic conditions at the current density range from 20 to 60 mA cm^?2. The influence of deposition current density on surface morphology, chemical and phase composition and corrosion resistance of obtained coatings, was investigated. Structural investigations were conducted by X-ray diffraction method. Surface morphology and surface chemical composition of the obtained coatings were determined by a scanning electron microscope. Studies of electrochemical corrosion resistance were carried out in the 5% NaCl solution, using potentiodynamic and Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP) methods. A possibility of incorporation of nickel powder from a suspension bath to the Zn-Ni matrix, during galvanostatic deposition was demonstrated. The results of chemical composition analysis show that the Zn-Ni + Ni coatings contain approximately 15?C18% at Ni. It was found that surface morphology, surface chemical and phase composition of Zn-Ni + Ni coatings depend in small degree on deposition current density. However, the current density influences distribution of nickel powder on the surface of these coatings. The optimal values of current density on account of corrosion resistance, are found to be j = 40?C50 mA cm^?2.     

Electrodeposition and characterization of Cu-TiO2 nanocomposite coatings

Cu-TiO₂ nanocomposites were prepared by electrodeposition method onto copper substrate using an acid copper plating bath containing dispersed nanosized TiO₂. The composition of codeposited TiO₂ nanoparticles in the composite coatings was controlled by the addition of different concentrations of TiO₂ nanoparticles in the bath solution. The average crystallite size was calculated by using X-ray diffraction analysis and it was ~32 nm for electrodeposited copper and ~33 nm for Cu-TiO₂ composite coatings. The crystallite structure was fcc for electrodeposited copper and Cu-TiO₂ nanocomposite coatings. The surface morphology and composition of the nanocomposites were examined by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. The effect of TiO₂ content on the corrosion and wear resistance properties of the nanocomposite coatings was also presented. The codeposited TiO₂ nanoparticles in the deposit increased the corrosion and wear resistance, which were closely related with TiO₂ content in the nanocomposites. The wear resistance and microhardness of the Cu-TiO₂ nanocomposite coatings were higher than electrodeposited copper. The corrosion resistance property of the electrodeposited copper and Cu-TiO₂ nanocomposite coatings was evaluated by electrochemical impedance and Tafel polarization studies. Cu-TiO₂ composite coatings were more corrosion resistant than electrodeposited copper.     

Zn-Al-[V10O28]6-双层氢氧化物掺杂对LY12铝合金表面溶胶-凝胶涂层性能的影响

采用共沉淀法制备Zn-Al-[V₁₀O₂₈]^6-双层氢氧化物(以下简称LDH-V), 研究不同添加浓度(0.0、0.25×10^-3、0.75×10^-3、1.5×10^-3、3.0×10^-3 mol·L^-1)的LDH-V对LY12 铝合金溶胶-凝胶涂层形貌、耐蚀性的影响. 采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱研究LDH-V对涂层形貌和结构的影响. 运用中性盐雾实验对涂层进行耐蚀性评估. 利用电化学方法对涂层在0.05 mol·L^-1的NaCl 溶液中的腐蚀行为进行研究. 探讨加入LDH-V后溶胶-凝胶涂层的耐蚀机理. 结果表明, 一定量LDH-V的加入不仅可以提高溶胶-凝胶涂层的耐蚀性能, 还可对涂层被破坏区域进行自修复, 起到延缓铝合金基体腐蚀的作用. 然而, 当LDH-V的添加溶度超过一定值时, 会破坏涂层的完整性并降低涂层的腐蚀防护性能. 实验结果表明LDH-V最佳的添加浓度为1.5×10^-3mol·L^-1.     

Ambient-curable polysiloxane coatings: structure and mechanical properties

Ambient-curable polysiloxane coatings were prepared by hydrolysis and condensation of 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane (MPDS) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) and subsequently mixing with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS). The structures of the as-obtained polysiloxane oligomers as well as the dried polysiloxane coatings on tinplate substrates were analyzed by FTIR and ²⁹Si NMR. The mechanical properties of the coatings were thoroughly examined at both macro-level and micro-level using a pendulum hardness rocker, an impact tester, and a nanoindentation/nanoscratch instrument. Effects of the molar ratio of MPDS/MTES, the dosage of aqueous ammonia solution, and the catalytic condition on the structure of polysiloxane oligomers as well as the structure and mechanical properties of the polysiloxane coatings were investigated. The dried coatings with thickness of 15–26 μm are highly elastic. The hardness (Koenig hardness and microhardness), impact resistance and scratch resistance are mainly dependent on the condensation degree of polysiloxane coatings rather than on the organic component of the coatings. A proper pre-hydrolysis process or more APS is benefit for enhancing the mechanical strength of the polysiloxane coatings. Polysiloxane coatings with high hardness and excellent scratch resistance can be prepared preferentially at low molar ratio of MPDS/MTES.     

Structure,corrosion, and tribological properties of CrSiN coatings with various Si contents in 3.5% NaCl solution

The CrSiN coatings with different silicon contents were deposited on 304L stainless steel and single silicon substrates using medium frequency magnetron sputtering via adjusting the silicon target current. Microstructures, mechanical, corrosion, and tribological performances were systematically investigated by the corresponding equipment. The results showed that the CrSiN coatings were composed of 2 phases: the nanocrystalline CrN coordinated with adjacent Si₃N₄ to form a typical nanocrystalline amorphous structure. With the increase of silicon content, the hardness emerged a rising trend until 12.65 at.%, where the hardness reached its highest value at approximately 22 GPa. At the moment, the friction coefficient and wear rate were approximately 0.27 and 6.9 × 10⁻⁸ mm³/Nm, respectively, which were 18.75% and 61.67% lower than that of the CrN coating, respectively. This mainly attributed to the lubrication of tribochemical products of SiO₂ and Si(OH)₄. In addition, excellent toughness, high hardness, preferable adhesion, and good corrosion resistance also contributed to improve the tribological properties of CrSiN coating.     

Thermal and neutron shielding properties of 10B containing UV cured hybrid coatings

¹⁰B containing organic–inorganic hybrid coating material based on a UV-curable formulation was prepared via anhydrous sol–gel technique. UV curable coatings were applied on Plexiglas (PMMA) substrates. The molecular structure of the coating material was analyzed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy technique. The characterization of the UV-curable coating was evaluated by various techniques such as gel content, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, pencil hardness, pendulum hardness, MEK rubbing test, contact angle, cross-cut test, gloss, transmittance test, neutron absorption, Limiting Oxygen Index and stress–strain tests. Hybrid coatings showed a significant enhancement in radiation shielding properties. The thermal behavior of coatings was also evaluated. It is observed that the thermal stability of coatings mainly depends on their boron and silicate contents. Results of all analysis conducted on hybrid films, and coatings were discussed.