半渗透涨缩管道内微极性流动解析求解

分析了半渗透涨缩管道内的微极性流体的流动．应用合适的相似变换,将控制方程转化为常微分方程组．为了得到该问题的解析解,应用同伦分析方法得到该问题的速度表达式．并且用图形分析了各个不同参数,特别是膨胀系数对速度场和微旋转角速度的影响．     

微极性流体在上下正交移动的渗透平行圆盘间的流动

分析了上下正交运动的两平行圆盘间的非稳态的不可压缩的二维微极性流体的流动．应用von Krmn类型的一个相似变换,偏微分方程组(PDEs)被转化成一组耦合的非线性常微分方程(ODEs)．应用同伦分析方法,得到方程的解析解,并且详细讨论了不同的物理参数,像膨胀率,渗透Reynolds数等,对流体的速度场的影响．     

磁场对具有压力梯度的低频振荡自然对流的影响

研究了磁场对具有非定常压力梯度的振荡自然对流的影响．假设流体是在两平行板内流动．由于在航天材料中的重要性，重点研究在微重力作用下由于矿振荡器诱发的低频振荡自然对流．得到了在非定常磁场下的振荡流体的一般解．还给出了一些特殊的振荡流和对作用磁场的响应．发现振荡流的性质依赖于频率、驱动浮力的振幅、温度梯度、磁场、壁面的导电情况．当没有磁场时，浮力在驱动流体振荡中起主导作用，并且速度的大小还受温度梯度的影响．为了控制振荡流，可以应用外磁场．还发现：当壁面是导体时，速度的减小与作用磁场的平方成反比；当壁面是绝缘体时，速度的减小与作用磁场成反比．一些详细的计算结果反映了真实的状态．     

磁场力作用下胀缩可渗透壁面管道非稳态流动摄动解

分析了磁场力作用下胀缩可渗透管道中的不可压缩流动．应用相似变换,控制方程被转换成非线性常微分方程,得到不同的膨胀率和Hartmann数下的奇异摄动解,并对相关的流动特征进行了详细的分析．     

功能梯度厚壁中空圆柱体弹性动力学平面应变响应的解析解

研究了边界表面受均布动压力作用的功能梯度(FGM)厚壁中空圆柱体,给出了其平面应变响应下的弹性动力学解．假设材料性能(除Poisson比外)随厚度按幂律函数变化．为了得到一个精确解,将动力径向位移分为准静力部分和动力部分,导出了每个部分的一个解析解．先由Euler方程得到准静力学部分的解,再由分离变量法和正交展开法得到动力学部分的解．在不同动荷载作用下,对不同的FGM中空圆柱体,画出径向位移和应力图,并对本方法的优点进行了讨论．该解析解适用于中空圆柱体各种组合的FGM,厚度可以是任意的,初始条件也可以是任意的,壁面上均匀分布着任意形式的动压力．     

壁温变化非定常气动加热机理研究

研究了高超声速平板边界层因壁温时变引发的非定常气动热环境特征及机理.通过近似解析和数值模拟两种手段,得到了壁面热流随时问变化的完整过程.解析手段求解非定常可压缩边界层方程,将非定常响应表达成稳态解加上摄动级数的形式,在初始和最终稳态邻域分别求解,在适当的位置进行拼接,从而得到整个时间域上的解.在满足解析解假设的区域,数值结果与解析结果吻合较好,证明了所使用方法的可靠性.结果表明,非定常响应有两点显著特征:在壁温突然增加后短时间内,壁面热流方向改变,热边界层剖面在壁面附近出现了另一个拐点,这种新的剖面形状是典型的非定常特征.但是,高超声速情况下此种非定常响应存在的时间却很短,在考虑长时间气动加热的情况下,若只存在壁面温度时变的诱因,可以忽略流动中的非定常过程,当作准定常情况来处理.     

具有壁面粗糙度的平行板微管道内三阶流体的电磁流动

研究了具有粗糙壁面的平行板微管道内三阶流体的电磁驱动流.假设两个壁面粗糙度的形状是相位差为0或π的小振幅正弦波形状.将洛伦兹力作为体积力,利用摄动法解析求出了速度和流率的近似解.通过数值计算,结果表明随着波数或非牛顿参数的增加,壁面粗糙度对三阶流体的阻力增加.随着Hartmann数的增加,壁面粗糙度对三阶流体的阻力减小.相位差为0的壁面粗糙度对流动的阻力大于相位差为π的粗糙度对流动的阻力.当波数或Hartmann数充分大时,壁面粗糙度的相位差变得不太重要.     

化学反应对竖直平板边界磁流体动力学微极流体滑流的影响

对半无限竖直平板为边界的多孔介质，研究了传热、传质对微极流体不稳定滑流的影响，其化学反应是一级均匀的。均匀磁场垂直作用于可以吸收微极流体的多孔表面，吸引速度随着时间而变化。自由流动的速度随着微小扰动而呈指数增大或减小。采用近似方法获得了微极流体的速度、微转动、温度、浓度的表达式，还得到了在不同流体特征和流动条件下，壁面的摩擦系数、耦合应力系数、传热率和传质率。     

高zeta势下Phan-Thien-Tanner(PTT)流体的电渗微推进器北大核心CSCD

在高的壁面zeta电势下,考查了Phan-Thien-Tanner(PTT)黏弹性流体在平行板微通道中的电渗推进器问题.在没有考虑Debye-Hückel线性近似的条件下,求解了非线性Poisson-Boltzmann方程,得到了高zeta电势下电势的解析解.通过求解PTT流体满足的Cauchy动量方程,获得了Navier滑移条件下微推进器速度的数值解.进而通过数值积分得到了电渗微推进器的性能分布,包括比冲、推力、效率和推力-功率比.最后,详细分析了黏弹性参数、壁面zeta电势、滑移系数和双电层厚度对速度分布及推进器性能的影响.结果表明,与Newton流体相比,PTT流体作为推进剂有利于推进器性能的提高,比如,流体速度随着黏弹性参数的增大而增大,导致推进器性能也呈增大的趋势.此外,当前推进器比冲为800~1000 ms时,推力可达0~250μN,效率为6%~12%,推力-功率比为0~20 mN/W.     

DTM-BF方法和可渗透收缩壁面上带滑移速度的非稳态磁流体力学流动

研究了运动的粘性导电流体中可渗透收缩壁面上非稳态磁流体边界层流动,利用解析和数值方法对问题进行了研究,并考虑了壁面速度滑移的影响．提出了一个新的解析方法（DTM-BF）,并将其应用于求解带有无穷远边界条件的非线性控制方程的近似解析解．对所有的解析结果和数值结果进行了对比,结果显示两者非常吻合,从而证明了DTM-BF方法的有效性．另外,对不同的参数,得到了控制方程双解和单解的存在范围．最后,分别讨论了滑移参数、非稳态参数、磁场参数、抽吸/喷注参数和速度比例参数对壁面摩擦、唯一解速度分布和双解速度分布的影响．     

A model of the gas flow in hollow fibres with permeable walls

A model of the isothermal flow of a viscous ideal gas in long tubes (hollow fibres) with permeable walls is constructed. Analytical relations are derived for the relative flow rate of the gas through the permeable walls of tubes made of porous and non-porous materials. It is established that, for a specified pressure drop, there is an optimum length of the tube when the gas flow rate through its walls reaches a maximum value. A formula is derived for calculating the characteristic fibre length for which the gas flow rate through the tube walls becomes predominant in the overall balance of the gas flow rate entering the input section of the fibre. A single universal dimensionless relation, describing the balance of the gas flow rates for fibres having different permeability mechanisms, is proposed.     

等宽多孔介质壁面管道中磁流体的流动

研究等宽管道中,磁场、可渗透壁面、Darcy速度和滑动参数,对流体稳定流动的综合影响.假设管道中流动的流体是均匀的、不可压缩的Newton流体.利用Beavers-Joseph滑动边界条件,得到控制方程的解析解.详细地讨论了磁场、可渗透性、Darcy速度和滑动参数对轴向速度、滑动速度和剪应力的影响.可以看出,Hartmann数、Darcy速度、多孔参数和滑动参数,在改变流动方向,进而改变剪应力方面,起着至关重要的作用.     

Inviscid limit for Navier–Stokes equations in domains with permeable boundaries

This work is concerned with 2D-Navier Stokes equations in a multiply-connected bounded domain with permeable walls. The permeability is described by a Navier type condition. Our aim is to show that the inviscid limit is a solution of the Euler equations, satisfying the Navier type condition on the inflow zone of the walls.     

基于线性涡模型的风洞孔壁干扰特性分析

发展了一种适用于二元翼型试验洞壁干扰特性的评估和修正方法.基于Prandtl-Glauert速度势方程和布置在模型及洞壁表面的线性涡,采用迭代方法计算了风洞孔壁对翼型表面压力分布特性的影响,分析了不同孔壁透气特性参数的影响规律和量值,利用与国外参考结果及风洞试验结果的对比确定了该方法的准确性.结果表明,孔壁对翼型绕流的影响主要反映在上翼面吸力峰和最大厚度位置之间,使压力系数减小,积分后的升力系数降低,且随着孔壁透气特性参数的增大,洞壁干扰由实壁特性向开口特性发展,洞壁干扰、影响量急剧增大.与传统方法相比,该方法计算快速,结果可靠,同时具备试验前评估的能力,可用于亚临界范围内翼型表面压力的快速估算,以及翼型试验的洞壁干扰修正.     

纵向非均质性对海上稠油油田水驱油开发效果的影响研究

为兼顾生产成本与开发效果,海上稠油油田开发大多采用多层合采,层内和层间的差异对水驱开发效果影响显著,针对纵向非均质严重的问题,基于不同渗透率级差、不同平均渗透率,建立了反韵律下9种非均质物理模型,研究层内和层间非均质性对海上稠油油田水驱开发效果的影响.研究结果表明:对于层内非均质模型,渗透率级差对开发效果影响更大,平均渗透率相近时,级差越大,层内非均质性越强,注入水沿高渗透层突进,油层下部驱替效果越差,采出程度越低;层内均质层间非均质时,级差越大采出程度越低,高渗层段注入水形成优势通道抑制低渗透层吸水,高渗透层最高采收率达77.4%,低渗层采收率可低至0.7%,使油层上下部驱替效果相差较大;层内和层间都非均质时,分层开采的开发效果好于多层合采,各层采收率变化幅度与分层开采时差异较大;利用综合影响因子表征层内和层间非均质性的综合影响,其值为0.08时对应采出程度为41.48%,综合影响因子越高,纵向非均质性越强,采出程度越低.     

Peristaltic transport of a Newtonian fluid in a vertical asymmetric channel with heat transfer and porous medium

The problem of peristaltic flow of a Newtonian fluid with heat transfer in a vertical asymmetric channel through porous medium is studied under long-wavelength and low-Reynolds number assumptions. The flow is examined in a wave frame of reference moving with the velocity of the wave. The channel asymmetry is produced by choosing the peristaltic wave train on the walls to have different amplitudes and phase. The analytical solution has been obtained in the form of temperature from which an axial velocity, stream function and pressure gradient have been derived. The effects of permeability parameter, Grashof number, heat source/sink parameter, phase difference, varying channel width and wave amplitudes on the pressure gradient, velocity, pressure drop, the phenomenon of trapping and shear stress are discussed numerically and explained graphically.     

Peristaltic transport of a Williamson fluid in asymmetric channels with permeable walls

The peristaltic flow of a Williamson fluid in asymmetric channels with permeable walls is investigated. The channel asymmetry is produced by choosing a peristaltic wave train on the wall with different amplitudes and phases. The solutions for stream function, axial velocity and pressure gradient are obtained for small Weissenberg number, We, via a perturbation expansion about We, while an exact solution method is discussed for large values of We. The exact solutions become singular as We tends to zero; hence the separate perturbation solutions are essential. Also, numerical results are obtained using the perturbation technique for the pumping and trapping phenomena, and these are used to bring out the qualitative features of the solutions. It is noted that the size of the trapped bolus decreases and its symmetry disappears for large values of the permeability parameter. The effects of various wave forms (namely, sinusoidal, triangular, square and trapezoidal) on the fluid flow are discussed.     

Mathematical modelling of timber-framed walls using fictive diagonal elements

This paper presents mathematical modelling of timber-framed wall where a braced frame with one fictive diagonal is used. The model is suitable for analysis of lateral loads on the structure. Its advantage compared to other models is its simplicity, the fact that it is easy to use in practise, and its suitability for use with simpler and cheaper programs for static and dynamic analysis. Further numerical calculations were performed, which showed good approximation with experimental studies and with the finite element method. The Tower 6 program for static and dynamic analysis has been used to model timber-framed walls. Appropriate stiffness of timber-framed wall is obtained by varying the cross-section of the fictive diagonal. Because the cross-section of the fictive diagonal is directly connected to the analytical calculation of the stiffness of the timber-framed wall, this model is also able to factor in different spacing distance, different sheathing boards, the appearance of tensile cracks in a sheathing board, as well as walls with glazing or openings.     

Peristaltic flow of a micropolar fluid through a porous medium in the presence of an external magnetic field

This paper presents an analytical study of the MHD flow of a micropolar fluid through a porous medium induced by sinusoidal peristaltic waves traveling down the channel walls. Low Reynolds number and long wavelength approximations are applied to solve the non-linear problem in the closed form and expressions for axial velocity, pressure rise per wavelength, mechanical efficiency and stream function are obtained. The impacts of pertinent parameters on the aforementioned quantities are examined by plotting graphs on the basis of computational results. It is found that the pumping improves with Hartman number but degrades with permeability of the porous medium.     

Stokes flow in closed,rectangular domains

Three practically relevant, Stokes flows in closed, rectangular cavities are considered. The first involves a solid-walled cavity where flow is driven by the motion of either one or both of its horizontal bounding walls; the other two have an upper free surface and are driven either by the motion of vertical side walls or by a horizontally-moving lower wall. Each problem is formulated as a biharmonic boundary value problem (bvp) for the streamfunction. The relative merits of two different coefficient determination methods for the corresponding analytical solutions are assessed and, in addition, each solution is compared with its numerical counterpart obtained using a finite element formulation of the governing equations. It is shown that, provided the number N of terms in each solution is sufficiently large, they are in extremely good agreement and, similarly, they compare well with work from other published theoretical and experimental studies. Streamlines are presented, over a wide range of operating parameters, for the geometries containing an upper free surface. For the flow generated by two moving vertical side walls two flow transformation mechanisms are identified. For cavities with small and decreasing width to depth (aspect) ratios, there is a sequence of critical aspect ratios at which flow bifurcations arise with a centre becoming a saddle point and vice versa, whereas for large aspect ratios increasing the ratio further leads to eddy growth from the lower wall, resulting in a regular sequence of separatrices along the cavity width. In the case of flow generated by a horizontally-moving lower wall the streamlines are simpler and exhibit the regular array of separatrices reported previously for flow in a solid-walled cavity with a single moving wall.