一种自适应的盲水印方法

目前数字水印算法多局限于在图象中嵌入特定的标记,并通过改变空域值或频域系数值来达到目的.提出了一种新颖的自适应盲水印方法.首先基于小波变换的零树结构,找出重要系数,然后根据重要系数所在区域的特性构造出一个序列信息,再利用置乱变换最终得到水印信息,而不修改图象本身的任何特征.因此水印的不可见性从根本上得到了保证.其中,重要系数的选择是自适应于图象的,并且水印的检测是不需要原始图象的盲检测.实验证明该方法的鲁棒性较强,是一种行之有效的方法.     

矢量图形中基于小波变换的盲水印算法

提出一种用于矢量图形的数字水印方法.该方法将矢量图形中图元的顶点坐标有顺序地排成一维序列,通过离散小波变换将序列分解成不同空间和频率上的复值系数,并根据水印的大小与小波系数之间的关系把水印嵌入到小波系数的幅值中,系数的相位不变.该算法在提取水印时不需要原始矢量图形.实验证明该算法具有良好的不可见性和较强的鲁棒性.     

一种基于图象融合的数字水印方法

提出了一种基于多分辨率图象融合的数字水印算法.该算法基本思想源自公开钥加密系统与Torus自同构映射置乱的概念,并根据视觉系统HVS的照度掩蔽特性及组合规则,以原始图象的子波分解级数为依据,对原始图象及水印的子波变换系数进行融合,以实现水印在原始图象空间位置和频率方向上的嵌入.实验结果表明,该算法具有良好的鲁棒性和可行性.     

基于非抽样Contourlet变换的彩色图像数字水印算法

研究了小波变换和Contourlet变换的不足,利用非抽样Contourlet变换的多尺度性、多方向性以及平移不变性特征进行彩色图像数字水印.先对图像进行非抽样Contourlet变换得到不同尺度不同方向上的系数.然后为了满足水印的不町见性和稳健性,在低频系数和高频系数中采用不同的嵌入强度.并依据人类视觉的彩色感知特性,在蓝色分量中嵌入较多水印,在其他颜色分量选取变换系数能量最大的区域嵌入水印.与同样嵌入规则的Contourlet变换算法和平稳小波变换算法相比.该算法具有更好的稳健性,利用该算法得到的水印相似度更高,最高町提高约0.5.     

基于分块离散小波变换的图像信息隐藏与盲提取算法

提出了一种在小波域中图像信息隐藏与盲提取算法. 该算法首先对载体图像进行分块两层离散小波变换, 找到每块第二级分解子带中的最大值即最重要小波系数, 然后根据小波特征树的对应关系将其在第一级分解子带中的对应区域作为嵌入区域, 在该区域嵌入由秘密信息生成的伪随机序列. 提取过程中, 同样按照小波系数对应关系寻找到嵌入区域并判断其与伪随机序列的相关性即可解密, 不需要提供原始图像. 实验结果表明, 该算法能实现二值图像的嵌入与盲提取, 且提取出的图像质量较好并具备一定的抗攻击能力, 尤其对于剪切攻击的鲁棒性较好.     

小波域内的盲水印提取

在对水印嵌入位的假设检验基础上,提出了一种盲水印的逐位提取模型,并在小波域得到了实现.为平衡水印的不可见性和鲁棒性,根据图像小波域的特征,并利用上下文建模的方法为每个高频小波系数确定不同的水印幅度,从而使水印的嵌入强度依图像的特征而变化.由于水印提取的结果在很大程度上依赖于图像小波系数的统计分布模型,因此小波域中的系数建模采用了广义高斯分布,并使用极大似然法估计参量.实验表明,该方法具有良好的鲁棒性.     

基于相息图和小波变换的数字水印

提出一种基于相息图和小波变换的数字水印方案。利用迭代相位恢复算法将水印图像编码为相息图, 然后将经权重因子调制后的相息图嵌入到宿主图像的三层小波低频系数中, 完成整个水印嵌入过程。在水印提取阶段, 对宿主图像和含水印图像进行三层小波分解, 将得到的低频系数对应相减提取出水印相息图, 然后对此相息图进行傅里叶变换操作, 取其振幅即可提取原始嵌入的水印图像。针对不同权重因子的水印系统, 详细分析和讨论了所提出水印方案的隐蔽性和稳健性。计算机仿真结果验证了该数字水印方案的可行性。     

一种基于抖动和混沌技术的数字图像篡改检测及修复算法

本文提出了一种基于抖动和混沌技术的数字图像篡改检测及修复算法.该算法使用小波变换后的低频子图和抖动技术生成图像的认证及修复信息,在有效减少水印数据量的同时,将水印嵌入小波变换后的高频子图,从而达到水印的不可见性.运用混沌技术完成水印的嵌入和加密,并结合中国余数定理,进一步减少水印嵌入对图像质量的影响.实验证明,该算法兼顾了水印的不可见性和鲁棒性,并且能够一定程度修复篡改图像,在图像认证和修复方面具有较高的实用意义.     

抗亮度和对比度调整的盲鲁棒量化水印算法

针对现有许多图像水印算法无法抵抗亮度和对比度调整,提出了一种抗亮度和对比度调整的盲鲁棒量化水印算法.对原始图像进行离散小波变换,将低频子带分成互不重叠的子块,对每个子块进行离散余弦变换,在每个子块的离散余弦变换低频系数奇偶量化嵌入水印.检测端先对攻击后的含水印图像进行抗亮度和对比度调整修正,然后通过奇偶判断盲提取出水印.实验结果表明:该算法在抵抗亮度和对比度调整上表现出较强的鲁棒性,而且在抵抗添加高斯噪音、添加椒盐噪音、剪切、中值滤波、高斯低通滤波和JPEG压缩也表现出较强的鲁棒性.     

基于SIFT图像特征区域的全息水印技术

为了增强水印的不可见性和鲁棒性,提出了一种基于图像特征区域的水印算法。首先利用SIFT(Scale Invariant Feature Transform)算法从载体图像蓝色B通道中提取图像特征点来进行优化和筛选,根据优化后的稳定特征点及其特征尺度确定图像的特征区域,再结合全息技术,对原始水印图像进行双随机相位加密,生成加密全息水印;然后对特征区域进行离散余弦变换(DCT);最后在其中频区域嵌入加密全息水印。在提取水印时无须借助原始图像,是盲水印技术。实验结果表明:该算法重建的水印图像与原始水印图像的NC值高达0.95;水印的嵌入对图像质量影响很小,PSNR值高达55.97,能够抵抗常规信号攻击及缩放、剪切、平移等几何攻击。     

A feature-based robust digital image watermarking scheme using bandelet transform

Desynchronization attacks are among the most difficult attacks to resist, for it can desynchronize the location of the watermark and hence cause incorrect watermark detection. The design of an image watermarking scheme that is robust against desynchronization attacks is challenging. Based on a multi-scale SIFT (scale invariant feature transform) detector and Bandelet transform theory, we propose a new content based image watermarking algorithm with good visual quality and reasonable resistance toward desynchronization attacks. Firstly, the stable image feature points are extracted from the original host by using the multi-scale SIFT detector, and the local feature regions (LFRs) are constructed adaptively according to the feature scale theory. The Bandelet transform is then performed on the LFRs. Finally, the digital watermark is embedded into the LFRs by modifying the significant Bandelet coefficients. By binding the watermark with the geometrically invariant image features, the watermark detection can be done without synchronization error. Experimental results show that the proposed image watermarking is not only invisible and robust against common signal processing such as sharpening, noise adding, JPEG compression, etc., but also robust against the desynchronization attacks such as rotation, translation, scaling, row or column removal, cropping, etc.     

Blind image watermarking based on discrete fractional random transform and subsampling

This paper proposes a blind watermarking scheme based on discrete fractional random transform. The watermark information can be a binary sequence, a gray level image or a set of decimal fractions sampled from a given source signal. The host image is subsampled into four subimages, and the high correlations among their discrete fractional random transform coefficients are exploited for watermark embedding. Based on this self-reference strategy, the watermark can be extracted without the aid of the host image. As a fragile watermarking technique, our scheme can be used in tamper detection. Besides, it can be used in self-embedding for a large payload is provided. Meanwhile, security of the watermark is preserved due to the randomness of the discrete fractional random transform. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our scheme.     

A novel blind digital watermarking algorithm for embedding color image into color image

A robust and blind watermarking technique for dual color images is proposed in this paper. According to the energy concentrating feature of DCT, the two-level DCT is introduced and used to embed color watermark image into color host image, which is completely different with the traditional DCT. For reducing the redundancy of watermark information, the original color watermark image is compressed by the proposed compression method. After two-level DCT, nine AC coefficients in different positions of each sub-block are selected and quantified to embed watermark information. Moreover, only the extraction rules are used to extract watermark from the watermarked image without resorting to the original host image or watermark image. Experimental results show that the proposed watermarking algorithm can effectively improve the quality of the watermarked image and the robustness of the embedded watermark against various attacks.     

基于虚拟通道技术的数字图像灰度水印算法

根据提出的虚拟通道技术,提出一种在载体中嵌入灰度图像作为水印的数字水印算法.通过修改载体频率域系数,载体通道可被看成一个虚拟的水印通道,它由若干个缺损的水印子通道构成,水印的提取不需要原始载体或原始水印的参与.实验结果表明提出的算法很好地保证了水印的不可见性和稳健性.     

A blind color image watermarking based on DC component in the spatial domain

Color image watermarking has become essential and important copyright protection or authentication scheme. It is noted that most of the existing color image watermarking algorithms are performed only in the single domain (spatial domain or frequency domain), and not to integrate these merits of the different domains. By utilizing the generating principle and distribution feature of the direct current (DC) coefficient, a novel blind watermarking algorithm is proposed for color host images in this paper. Firstly, the Y luminance of host image is divided into 8 × 8 sub-blocks and the DC coefficients of each block are directly calculated in the spatial domain without DCT transform. Secondly, according to the watermark information and the quantization step, the DC coefficients are calculated and their increments are further utilized to modify directly the values of all pixels in the spatial domain instead of the DCT domain to embed watermark. When watermark extraction, only the watermarked image and the quantization step are needed in the spatial domain. Experimental results show that the proposed method not only can resist both traditional signal processing attacks and geometric attacks, but also has more efficient in computational complexity. Comparisons also demonstrate the advantages of the method.     

基于光学菲涅耳衍射的"盲数字水印"技术

基于光学菲涅耳衍射,设计了一种新的“盲数字水印”计算方法。水印图像通过离散菲涅耳衍射变换成一复矩阵,将此复矩阵的实部和虚部分开,分别嵌入到宿主图像的不同位置中。通过将水印嵌入点的宿主图像的像素值更改为其近邻像素值的均值,而实现“盲水印”的提取。数值计算结果表明:该水印计算法对像素变换攻击具有很强的鲁棒性,如图像亮度、对比度和灰度曲线的调整;能抵抗JPEG有损压缩、剪切和噪声污染攻击;能抵抗对图像的重采样攻击,可从显示屏幕拷贝的图像中提取水印。由于该方法为使用者提供了灵活的水印嵌入方式和双重密钥的选取,以及提取水印不需要原始图像数据,因而使该方法具有很高的安全性和实用价值。     

基于Krawtchouk矩和Contourlet变换的多目的水印

提出了一种基于Krawtchouk矩和Contourlet变换的多目的水印算法.首先对图像进行两级Contourlet分解,通过计算其低频分量的Krawtchouk低阶矩不变量来构建鲁棒水印,然后在剩下的带通分量中选择一个作为水印嵌入域并在其中嵌入半脆弱水印,给出了实验结果,并从水印的不可见性、抗攻击能力及篡改的定位能力三个方面进行了定量评测.实验结果表明,该算法具有很强的鲁棒性和较好的脆弱性,能同时有效地保护版权和认证图像.