On positive solutions of a nonlocal fractional boundary value problem

In this paper, we investigate the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions for a nonlocal boundary value problem of fractional differential equation. Firstly, we give Green’s function and prove its positivity; secondly, the uniqueness of positive solution is obtained by the use of contraction map principle and some Lipschitz-type conditions; thirdly, by means of the fixed point index theory, we obtain some existence results of positive solution. The proofs are based upon the reduction of the problem considered to the equivalent Fredholm integral equation of second kind.     

Maximal element with applications to Nash equilibrium problems in Hadamard manifolds

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to study the existence of maximal elements with applications to Nash equilibrium problems for generalized games in Hadamard manifolds. By employing a KKM lemma, we establish a new maximal element theorem in Hadamard manifolds. As applications, some existence results of Nash equilibria for generalized games are derived. The results in this paper unify, improve and extend some known results from the literature.     

Large sets of t-designs through partitionable sets: A survey

The method of partitionable sets for constructing large sets of t-designs have now been used for nearly a decade. The method has resulted in some powerful recursive constructions and also existence results especially for large sets of prime sizes. Perhaps the main feature of the approach is its simplicity. In this paper, we describe the approach and show how it is employed to obtain some of the recursive theorems. We also review the existence results and recursive constructions which have been found by this method.     

Global structure of positive solution sets of nonlinear operator equations

In this paper we investigate the existence of unbounded maximal subcontinua of positive solution sets of some nonlinear operator equations that bifurcates from infinity. The main feature of the paper is that the nonlinearity may not be of asymptotically linear type and may not be positone. The methods used to show our main results are different from that of Rabinowitz’ well-known global bifurcation theorems and that of some other related papers. We first obtain a sequence of unbounded subcontinua located in a pipe that bifurcates from nontrivial solutions by using a topological degree argument. Then using a result on subcontinua of superior limit in metric spaces we obtain the main results concerning unbounded maximal subcontinua of positive solution sets of the nonlinear operator equation. The main results can be applied to the semipositone problems to obtain the existence of positive solutions.     

Towards existence of piecewise Chebyshevian B-spline bases

The paper addresses the problem of how to ensure existence of blossoms in the context of piecewise spaces built from joining different extended Chebyshev spaces by means of connection matrices. The interest of this issue lies in the fact that existence of blossoms is equivalent to existence of B-spline bases in all associated spline spaces. As is now classical, blossoms are defined in a geometric way by means of intersections of osculating flats. In such a piecewise context, intersecting a number of osculating flats is a tough proposition. In the present paper, we show that blossoms exist if an only if Bézier points exist, which significantly simplifies the problem. Existence of blossoms also proves to be equivalent to existence of Bernstein bases. In order to establish the latter results, we start by extending to the piecewise context some results which are classical for extended Chebyshev spaces. AMS subject classification 65D17, 65D07     

Generalized Vector Equilibrium Problems for Pseudomonotone Multivalued Bifunctions<Superscript><Emphasis Type="Bold">1</Emphasis></Superscript>

In this paper, we apply a new version of the Brézis, Nirenberg, and Stampacchia theorem; we use pseudomonotonicity and some coercivity conditions to establish some existence result for a solution of generalized vector equilibrium problems for multivalued bifunctions. The proper quasiconvexity of multivalued bifunctions is introduced and existence theorems for generalized vector equilibrium problems related to multivalued mappings with the KKM property are obtained. The new results extend and modify various existence theorems for similar problems.     

Existence of positive solutions for a class of higher-order nonlinear fractional differential equations with integral boundary conditions and a parameter

In this paper, we study the existence of positive solutions for a class of higher-order nonlinear fractional differential equations with integral boundary conditions and a parameter. By using the properties of the Green’s function, u ₀-positive function and the fixed point index theory, we obtain some existence results of positive solution under some conditions concerning the first eigenvalue with respect to the relevant linear operator. The method of this paper is a unified method for establishing the existence of multiple positive solutions for a large number of nonlinear differential equations of arbitrary order with any allowed number of non-local boundary conditions.     

Existence of Solutions and Algorithms for Bilevel Vector Equilibrium Problems: An Auxiliary Principle Technique

The main goal of this paper is to introduce and study bilevel vector equilibrium problems. We first establish some existence results for solutions of vector equilibrium problems and mixed vector equilibrium problems. We study the existence of solutions of bilevel vector equilibrium problems by considering a vector Thikhonov-type regularization procedure. By using this regularization procedure and existence results for mixed vector equilibrium problems, we establish some existence results for solutions of bilevel vector equilibrium problems. By using the auxiliary principle, we propose an algorithm for finding the approximate solutions of bilevel vector equilibrium problems. The strong convergence of the proposed algorithm is also studied.     

Hyperovals in Steiner systems

In this paper, we show that the basic necessary condition for the existence of a (k; 0, 2)-set in an S(2, 4, v) is also sufficient. It solves a problem posed by de Resmini [6] and we also prove some asymptotic results concerning the existence of hyperovals in Steiner systems with large block size. The results are generally applicable to designs with maximal arcs.     

Periodic Solution for a Stochastic Non-autonomous Predator-Prey Model with Holling II Functional Response

A biological population may be subjected to stochastic disturbance and exhibit periodicity. In this paper, a stochastic non-autonomous predator-prey system with Holling II functional response is proposed, and the existence of a unique positive solution is derived. We give sufficient conditions for extinction and strong persistence in the mean by analyzing a corresponding one-dimensional stochastic system. Also we establish the existence of positive periodic solutions for this stochastic non-autonomous predator-prey system. Finally, we use numerical simulations to illustrate our results and we present some conclusions and future directions. The results of this paper provide methods for other stochastic population models, which we hope to analyze in the future.

     

Structure of positive solution sets of semi-positone singular boundary value problems

In this paper we first obtain some results on the structure of positive solution sets of some differential boundary value problems. Then by using these results we obtain some existence and multiplicity results for positive solutions of differential boundary value problems. The method used to show the main results is that of global bifurcation theories.     

Existence and multiplicity of periodic solutions for some second order differential systems with p(t)-Laplacian

In this paper, we deal with the existence and multiplicity of periodic solutions for the p(t)-Laplacian Hamiltonian system. Some new existence theorems are obtained by using the least action principle and minmax methods in critical point theory, and our results generalize and improve some existence theorems.     

Unbounded connected component of the positive solution set of nonlinear operator equation and its applications

In this paper, by using global bifurcation theories we obtain some results for structure of positive solution set of some nonlinear equations with parameters. As a result, we obtain some existence results for positive solutions of the nonlinear operator equation. The main result can be applied to various of differential boundary value problems to obtain the existence results for positive solutions without the assumption that the nonlinearities are positone.     

Collective fixed points and maximal elements with applications to abstract economies

In this paper, we first establish collective fixed points theorems for a family of multivalued maps with or without assuming that the product of these multivalued maps is Φ-condensing. As an application of our collective fixed points theorem, we derive the coincidence theorem for two families of multivalued maps defined on product spaces. Then we give some existence results for maximal elements for a family of L_S-majorized multivalued maps whose product is Φ-condensing. We also prove some existence results for maximal elements for a family of multivalued maps which are not L_S-majorized but their product is Φ-condensing. As applications of our results, some existence results for equilibria of abstract economies are also derived. The results of this paper are more general than those given in the literature.     

Positive solution for four‐point nonlocal boundary value problems of fractional order

In this paper, we consider the existence of positive solution for four‐point nonlocal boundary value problems of fractional order. By means of some fixed point theorems, some results on the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions are obtained. Furthermore, we provide a representative example to illustrate a possible application of the established results. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The existence of minimal large positive solutions for a class of nonlinear cooperative systems

In this paper we establish the existence of the minimal large positive solution for a general class of nonlinear cooperative systems including the simplest prototype of García-Melián et al. (2016). Precisely, based on the existence of a large positive supersolution, we can infer the existence of the minimal large positive solution. Moreover, we also give some sufficient easily computable conditions for the existence of a large positive supersolution. Our results generalize, very substantially, some of the findings of García-Melián et al. (2016) adopting a rather novel methodology.     

Existence of solutions for a damped nonlinear impulsive problem with Dirichlet boundary conditions

In this paper, we consider the existence of solutions for second‐order nonlinear damped impulsive differential equations with Dirichlet boundary condition. By critical point theory, we obtain some existence theorems of solutions for the nonlinear problem. We extend and improve some recent results. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Nontrivial solutions of some fractional problems

In this paper, we study the question of the existence of infinitely many weak solutions for nonlocal equations of fractional Laplacian type with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary data, in presence of a superlinear term. Starting from the well-known Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition, we consider different growth assumptions on the nonlinearity, all of superlinear type. Furthermore, we give an extension of Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition, a non-Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition and apply to study the fractional Laplacian equation. We obtain some different existence results in this setting by using Fountain Theorem. Our results are extension of some problems studied by Bisci et al. (2016) and Binlin et al. (2015).     

Generalized vector quasi-equilibrium problems with applications

In this paper, we consider the generalized vector quasi-equilibrium problem with or without involving Φ-condensing maps and prove the existence of its solution by using known fixed point and maximal element theorems. As applications of our results, we derive some existence results for a solution to the vector quasi-optimization problem for nondifferentiable functions and vector quasi-saddle point problem.     

Global existence and blow-up phenomena for the weakly dissipative Novikov equation

In this paper, we consider the global existence and blow-up for the weakly dissipative Novikov equation. We firstly establish the local well-posedness for the weakly dissipative Novikov equation by Kato’s theorem. Then we present some blow-up results. Finally, we present the global existence of strong solutions to the weakly dissipative equation.