1.5T关节超导核磁共振成像主磁体电磁机械特性分析

本文设计了用于关节成像的1.5T超导核磁共振成像(MRI)主磁体的电磁结构与机械支撑结构.首先计算了主磁体成像区域及磁体周围的电磁场分布.在此基础上,采用电磁-结构耦合方法计算了主磁体与支撑结构中的应力、应变分布情况.同时分析了不同的支撑材料对磁体应力/应变的影响.给出了1.5T超导MRI主磁体支撑结构的设计标准.     

S型超导六极磁体的电磁-力学分析研究

通过有限元分析的方法对14.5 GHz的ECR离子源中S型六极磁体电磁与力学特性进行了分析研究。对比分析了跑道型、马鞍型和S型三种结构的ECR离子源磁体间的相互作用力,然后以离子源所需的轴向约束场以及磁体间的电磁力为优化对象,研究S型六极磁体的优化。结果表明：相较于传统结构,S型六极磁体结构的优势在于能够提升ECR离子源的轴向磁场以及降低磁体端部所受洛伦兹力和应力。     

一种新的超导储能磁体结构优化方法北大核心CSCD

高温超导线材的各向异性一直影响其在工程中的使用性能,临界电流主要受磁体最大垂直磁场(垂直于带材表面)决定,最大应力通常出现在最大轴向磁场(平行于带材表面)处.文章针对单螺线管超导储能磁体,从增大临界电流和减小机械应力两方面出发,提出一种新的超导储能磁体结构优化方法.利用MATLAB从不同径高比(平均半径/高)着手,计算带材总长度为2000m的多组磁体结构参数,建立了单螺线管超导磁体的有限元模型,结合COMSOL仿真软件获得多组结构参数的应力、磁场分布以及磁场最大值,将承受最大应力区域的磁体转移至磁体两端中部区域.对参与转移的磁体参数进行计算,分析对比不同转移参数对磁体应力和临界电流的影响.仿真结果表明,对比常规磁体,优化后的磁体能有效减小最大垂直磁场从而增大临界电流,减小最大轴向磁场从而减小最大应力,对超导储能磁体的优化具有重要意义.     

一种新的超导储能磁体结构优化方法

高温超导线材的各向异性一直影响其在工程中的使用性能,临界电流主要受磁体最大垂直磁场(垂直于带材表面)决定,最大应力通常出现在最大轴向磁场(平行于带材表面)处.文章针对单螺线管超导储能磁体,从增大临界电流和减小机械应力两方面出发,提出一种新的超导储能磁体结构优化方法.利用MATLAB从不同径高比(平均半径/高)着手,计算带材总长度为2000m的多组磁体结构参数,建立了单螺线管超导磁体的有限元模型,结合COMSOL仿真软件获得多组结构参数的应力、磁场分布以及磁场最大值,将承受最大应力区域的磁体转移至磁体两端中部区域.对参与转移的磁体参数进行计算,分析对比不同转移参数对磁体应力和临界电流的影响.仿真结果表明,对比常规磁体,优化后的磁体能有效减小最大垂直磁场从而增大临界电流,减小最大轴向磁场从而减小最大应力,对超导储能磁体的优化具有重要意义.     

ITER纵场的电磁分析与电源系统的概念设计

进行了ITER纵场磁体电源系统的概念设计.首先,对ITER主机基于循环对称算法,借助ANSYS软件进行了电磁的分析,然后根据电磁分析得到的结果,设计了ITER纵场磁体电源的拓扑结构,分析了整流器的输出电压波形;其次,基于电磁分析的结果,设计了ITER纵场磁体失超保护系统,并计算了磁体失超保护电路中的关键部件-电容和电阻...     

基于ANSYS的超导磁体机械结构的应力应变分析

为合理设计超导磁体机械结构,保证磁体正常运行,机械结构的应力分析在磁体设计中起到非常重要的作用.借助于ANSYS有限元分析软件,给出一了个5T超导磁体机械结构的受力分析,讨论了超导磁体内部电磁力对不同材料的机械结构所产生的应力和应变.结果表明,由磁体内部电磁力引起的机械结构的最大应力和应变,出现在磁体芯筒的中间部位,最...     

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介绍了一种强磁场高温超导螺线管磁体电磁性能的优化方法。通过编写Matlab数据处理程序优化了一个中心磁感应强度为8T、内径为20cm的磁体。利用有限元分析法分析已优化磁体的磁场分布,得到磁体在垂直方向的最大磁感应强度值与Matlab数据处理程序计算的结果基本吻合。     

用于46 T全超导磁体装置的26 T REBa2Cu3O7-δ高温超导内插磁体电磁设计研究

REBa2Cu3O7-δ(REBCO)高温超导带材具有良好的电磁性能和机械强度,现已成为开发极高场超导磁体的重要基础材料.本文基于T-A 方程提出了一种极高场REBCO 内插磁体的参数化设计方法,该方法在计算中考虑了超导屏蔽电流对磁体中心场强和应变分布的影响,采用分步优化的方式从内向外依次确定各超导线圈的结构参数,每个线圈的优化过程相对独立.基于该设计方法,本文给出了46T全超导磁体中26TREBCO 内插磁体的电磁设计方案,确定了主要线圈参数和工作电流.该内插磁体由4个线圈同轴嵌套串联组成,每个线圈都由REBCO带材绕制而成的双饼线圈(Double Pancake, DP)堆叠而成.基于当前模型计算结果,在给定的20T背景场中,当内插磁体工作电流达到290A时,磁体中心场强可达46T;高温超导线圈中最大环向应变为0.61%,仍然处于危险区域.     

单螺线管型高温超导磁体的设计与优化

高温超导带材的各向异性严重制约着超导磁体可运行临界电流的提高,从而影响着磁体的性能。因此,电磁优化设计在高温超导磁体设计中占据着至关重要的位置。主要采用有限元软件对磁体建模仿真,根据磁体磁场的分布,采用多种带材绕制磁体,进行设计优化。结果表明,在相同体积的有效带材基础上,优化之后的临界电流明显提高,储能量提升了约22%;同时,在计算磁体的可运行临界电流时,采用了多次仿真、迭代计算的方式求解磁体的可运行临界电流。这种方法在仿真阶段可直接求解出磁体的临界电流,计算较为方便,而且获取的是实时运行的临界电流,更符合实际情况。     

磁约束等离子体推进器高温超导磁体系统的电磁计算

在地面实验中磁约束等离子体推进器磁体系统是靠四个NbTi低温超导磁体提供磁场,现在设计依靠G-M制冷机传导制冷的由Bi2223超导带材绕制成的四个高温超导磁体替代以前的四个低温超导磁体.本文利用ANSYS有限元分析软件进行电磁计算,得出高温超导磁体的参数。     

Analysis of the magnetic field, force, and torque for two-dimensional Halbach cylinders

The Halbach cylinder is a construction of permanent magnets used in applications such as nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus, accelerator magnets and magnetic cooling devices. In this paper the analytical expression for the magnetic vector potential, magnetic flux density and magnetic field for a two dimensional Halbach cylinder are derived. The remanent flux density of a Halbach magnet is characterized by the integer p. For a number of applications the force and torque between two concentric Halbach cylinders are important. These quantities are calculated and the force is shown to be zero except for the case where p for the inner magnet is one minus p for the outer magnet. Also the force is shown never to be balancing. The torque is shown to be zero unless the inner magnet p is equal to minus the outer magnet p. Thus there can never be a force and a torque in the same system.     

高温超导磁约束等离子体推进器杜瓦系统的应力和应变分析

高温超导磁约束等离子体推进器利用磁场的作用,将高温等离子体的能量转化为推进器的推力,对于杜瓦系统的结构有着较高的要求.文中主要介绍了杜瓦系统的基本结构,并利用ANSYS软件分析了杜瓦系统的应力和应变,说明了高温超导磁约束等离子体推进器杜瓦系统的设计满足应力及应变要求.     

Particle-in-cell simulation for different magnetic mirror effects on the plasma distribution in a cusped field thruster

Magnetic mirror used as an efficient tool to confine plasma has been widely adopted in many different areas especially in recent cusped field thrusters. In order to check the influence of magnetic mirror effect on the plasma distribution in a cusped field thruster, three different radii of the discharge channel(6 mm, 4 mm, and 2 mm) in a cusped field thruster are investigated by using Particle-in-Cell Plus Monte Carlo(PIC-MCC) simulated method, under the condition of a fixed axial length of the discharge channel and the same operating parameters. It is found that magnetic cusps inside the small radius discharge channel cannot confine electrons very well. Thus, the electric field is hard to establish. With the reduction of the discharge channel's diameter, more electrons will escape from cusps to the centerline area near the anode due to a lower magnetic mirror ratio. Meanwhile, the leak width of the cusped magnetic field will increase at the cusp. By increasing the magnetic field strength in a small radius model of a cusped field thruster, the negative effect caused by the weak magnetic mirror effect can be partially compensated. Therefore, according to engineering design, the increase of magnetic field strength can contribute to obtaining a good performance, when the radial distance between the magnets and the inner surface of the discharge channel is relatively big.     

Self-organizing magnetic beads for biomedical applications

In the field of biomedicine magnetic beads are used for drug delivery and to treat hyperthermia. Here we propose to use self-organized bead structures to isolate circulating tumor cells using lab-on-chip technologies. Typically blood flows past microposts functionalized with antibodies for circulating tumor cells. Creating these microposts with interacting magnetic beads makes it possible to tune the geometry in size, position and shape. We developed a simulation tool that combines micromagnetics and discrete particle dynamics, in order to design micropost arrays made of interacting beads. The simulation takes into account the viscous drag of the blood flow, magnetostatic interactions between the magnetic beads and gradient forces from external aligned magnets. We developed a particle-particle particle-mesh method for effective computation of the magnetic force and torque acting on the particles.     

外加磁场微波等离子推力器内流场数值模拟

为了提高微波等离子推力器性能，改善等离子体对电磁波能量的吸收状况，提高核心区温度，提出外加磁场的方案，并对热等离子体进行了数值模拟.假设局域热平衡条件，采用Navier-Stokes，Maxwell和Saha方程，利用压力修正的半隐格式和时域有限差分求解方法，建立了径向磁镜场下推力器内等离子体流场的数值计算模型.数值模拟结果表明：外加磁场后的磁感应强度小于0.5 T时，推力器内热等离子体核心区最高温度随磁感应强度的增加而迅速提高.外加磁场后的磁感应强度大于0.5 T时，核心区最高温度随磁感应强度的增加而缓慢提高.磁感应强度为0.5 T时，热等离子体核心区最高温度与不加磁场相比提高了24%.外加磁场对等离子体流场速度分布影响不大. 关键词： 等离子体模拟 等离子体相互作用 等离子体流动     

Modeling of magnetic bandages for drug targeting: Button vs. Halbach arrays

Magnetic targeting of drugs to diseased tissues, such as non-healing wounds or skin tumors, is a promising clinical use of magnetic microspheres. For successful magnetic targeting, a magnet must be placed in close proximity to the target tissue. In this work the forces exerted on magnetic microspheres by different arrangements of magnets including a simple square magnet, a number of button magnet arrays, and a Halbach array were simulated and compared. Magnetic bandages utilizing a Halbach array configuration were found to yield the best trapping characteristics (large and uniform force distributions) for magnetic targeting applications close to a surface.     

Magnetic particle separation using controllable magnetic force switches

Magnetic particle separation is very important in biomedical applications. In this study, a magnetic particle microseparator is proposed that uses micro magnets to produce open/closed magnetic flux for switching on/off the separation. When all magnets are magnetized in the same direction, the magnetic force switch for separation is on; almost all magnetic particles are trapped in the channel side walls and the separation rate can reach 95%. When the magnetization directions of adjacent magnets are opposite, the magnetic force switch for separation is off, and most magnetic particles pass through the microchannel without being trapped. For the separation of multi-sized magnetic particles, the proposed microseparator is numerically demonstrated to have high separation rate.     

Effect of hot deformation temperature on the magnetic and mechanical properties of Nd-Fe-B magnets prepared by spark plasma sintering

The magnetic and mechanical properties of Nd-Fe-B magnets at different hot deformation temperatures have been investigated. The results showed that the optimum magnetic and mechanical properties and the highest crystallographic alignment of Nd-Fe-B magnets were obtained at 700 °C, and the possible reasons were analyzed. The microstructures show that abnormal grain growth is not observed at 650 °C; there exist many small spherical grains, and these small grains do not align during die upsetting. The average size of the grains and the volume fraction of coarse grains increase with increase in deformation temperature. The coarse grains do not align during die upsetting, and the non-alignment regions enlarge with increase in deformation temperature.     

Stability of the magnetic domain structure of nanoparticle thin films against external fields

We investigate the effect of external magnetic fields on the magnetic structure of thin films from magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) with dipolar interaction. Such fields are present, for example, if samples are scanned with magnetic probes. Numerical simulations and experimental magnetic force microscopy (MFM) studies are presented. Numerically, we have calculated the magnetization pattern of single-layer and multilayer MNP thin films. The calculations show that unperturbed single-layer MNP films have an in-plane orientation of the magnetization with a flux-closure-domain pattern. An external field generated by a point dipole above the film induces locally an out-of-plane configuration of the magnetization. In the corresponding MFM images, the domain pattern in the film is erased and a stripe-like contrast enhancement at the edges appears. Multilayer films are found to be more robust against external fields than monolayers.