Archimedean classes in integral commutative residuated chains

This paper investigates a quasi‐variety of representable integral commutative residuated lattices axiomatized by the quasi‐identity resulting from the well‐known Wajsberg identity (p → q) → q ≤ (q → p) → p if it is written as a quasi‐identity, i. e., (p → q) → q ≈ 1 ? (q → p) → p ≈ 1 . We prove that this quasi‐identity is strictly weaker than the corresponding identity. On the other hand, we show that the resulting quasi‐variety is in fact a variety and provide an axiomatization. The obtained results shed some light on the structure of Archimedean integral commutative residuated chains. Further, they can be applied to various subvarieties of MTL‐algebras, for instance we answer negatively Hájek's question asking whether the variety of ΠMTL‐algebras is generated by its Archimedean members (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Improving two theorems of bose on difference families

In [2] R. C. Bose gives a sufficient condition for the existence of a (q, 5, 1) difference family in (GF(q), +)—where q ≡ 1 mod 20 is a prime power — with the property that every base block is a coset of the 5th roots of unity. Similarly he gives a sufficient condition for the existence of a (q, 4, 1) difference family in (GF(q, +)—where q ≡ 1 mod 12 is a prime power — with the property that every base block is the union of a coset of the 3rd roots of unity with zero. In this article we replace the mentioned sufficient conditions with necessary and sufficient ones. As a consequence, we obtain new infinite classes of simple difference families and hence new Steiner 2-designs with block sizes 4 and 5. In particular, we get a (p^4α, 5, 1)-DF for any odd prime p ≡ 2, 3 (mod 5), and a (p^2α, 4, 1)-DF for any odd prime p ≡ 2 (mod 3). © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

List circular coloring of trees and cycles

Suppose G=(V, E) is a graph and p ≥ 2q are positive integers. A (p, q)‐coloring of G is a mapping ?: V → {0, 1, …, p‐1} such that for any edge xy of G, q ≤ |?(x)‐?(y)| ≤ p‐q. A color‐list is a mapping L: V → ({0, 1, …, p‐1}) which assigns to each vertex v a set L(v) of permissible colors. An L‐(p, q)‐coloring of G is a (p, q)‐coloring ? of G such that for each vertex v, ?(v) ∈ L(v). We say G is L‐(p, q)‐colorable if there exists an L‐(p, q)‐coloring of G. A color‐size‐list is a mapping ? which assigns to each vertex v a non‐negative integer ?(v). We say G is ?‐(p, q)‐colorable if for every color‐list L with |L(v)| = ?(v), G is L‐(p, q)‐colorable. In this article, we consider list circular coloring of trees and cycles. For any tree T and for any p ≥ 2q, we present a necessary and sufficient condition for T to be ?‐(p, q)‐colorable. For each cycle C and for each positive integer k, we present a condition on ? which is sufficient for C to be ?‐(2k+1, k)‐colorable, and the condition is sharp. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 55: 249–265, 2007     

A Note on Classes of BANACH Spaces Related to Stable Measures

The problem under consideration is the following: Let S: E′ → L_q, T: E′ → L_p, 0 < q ≦ 2, 0 < p ≦ 2, be operators, ‖Sa‖ ≦ ‖Ta‖, such that, T generates a stable measure on E, i.e., exp (-‖Ta‖ ^p), a ? E′, is the characteristic function of a RADON measure on E. Does this imply, that exp (-‖Sa‖ q), a ? E′, is the characteristic function of a RADON measure, too? In general this is not true provided q or p less than 2. A BANACH space is said to be of (q,p)-cotype if the answer to the above question is “yes”. We establish several properties of this classification and obtain as an application the well-known classes due to MOUCHTARI, TIEN, WERON and MANDREKAR, WERON, Finally we apply our results to so-called S-spaces.     

Hardy-Littlewood Maximal Operator,Singular Integral Operators and the Riesz Potentials on Generalized Morrey Spaces

Any continuous linear operator T: L^p → L^q has a natural vector-valued extension T: L^p(l) → L^q(l) which is automatically continuous. Relations between the norms of these operators in the cases of p = q and r = 2 were considered by Marcinkiewicz -Zygmund [28], Herz [14] and Krivine [19] - [21]. In this paper we study systematically these relations and given some applications. It turns out that some known results can be proved in a simple way as a consequence of these developments.     

Thin elastic and periodic plates

This paper is devoted to the study of a three dimensional model of elastic periodic plate when the thickness e of the plate and the size ω of the periods are small. In the three studied limits (e → 0 then ω → 0), (ω → 0 then e → 0) and lately (e and ω → 0 together) the three dimensional equation of elasticity are approached by the two dimensional general equations of a linear anisotropic plate, the stretching and bending being coupled. This study points out the importance of the ratio of the two small parameters, indeed the moduli occuring in the two dimensional equations are different in the three limits. In each case a convergence proof is carried out.     

On boundedness of the hardy and bellman operators in the spaces h and bmo

Hardy (1919) proved that the space L^p(T), 1 ? p ? ∞, is invariant under (C, 1)- transformation of Fourier coefficients. This transformation may be considered as a linear integral operator H: L^p(T) → L^p(T), 1 ? p ? ∞. In this paper we show that the operator H is unbounded in the space BMO(T) of periodic functions of bounded mean oscillation. For the conjugate operator B introduced by Bellman (1944) B: L^q(T) → L^q(T), 1/ρp + 1/rho;q = 1, the boundedness of B in BMO(T) is proved directly without duality argument. An example is given to show that B is unbounded in H(T).     

Norm optimization problem for linear operators in classical Banach spaces

The main result of the paper shows that, for 1 < p < ∞ and 1 ≤ q < ∞, a linear operator T: ℓ _p → ℓ _q attains its norm if, and only if, there exists a not weakly null maximizing sequence for T (counterexamples can be easily constructed when p = 1). For 1 < p ≠ q < ∞, as a consequence of the previous result we show that any not weakly null maximizing sequence for a norm attaining operator T: ℓ _p → ℓ _q has a norm-convergent subsequence (and this result is sharp in the sense that it is not valid if p = q). We also investigate lineability of the sets of norm-attaining and non-norm attaining operators.     

AN EIGENSPACE CHARACTERIZATION OF LORENTZ-IMPROVING MEASURES ON COMPACT GROUPS

Abstract

A measure μ on a compact group is called Lorentz-improving if for some 1 > p > ∞ and 1 → q ₁ > q ₂ ∞ μ *L (p, q ₂) ? L(p, q ₁). Let T _μ denote the operator on L ² defined by T _μ(f) = μ * f. Lorentz-improving measures are characterized in terms of the eigenspaces of T _μ, if T _μ is a normal operator, and in terms of the eigenspaces of |T _μ| otherwise. This result generalizes our recent characterization of Lorentz-improving measures on compact abelian groups and is modelled after Hare's characterization of L ^p -improving measures on compact groups.     

An upper bound for the minimum weight of dual codes of Figueroa planes

In this note we give an explicit construction for words of weight 2q³ - q² - q in the dual p-ary code of the Figueroa plane of order q³, where q > 2 is any power of the prime p. When p is odd this then allows us, for the Figueroa planes, to improve on the previously known upper bound of 2q³ for the minimum weight of the dual p-ary code of any plane of order q³. The construction is the same as one that applies to desarguesian planes of order q³ as described in [3].     

Amply regular graphs with Hoffman’s condition

It is known that, if the minimal eigenvalue of a graph is −2, then the graph satisfies Hoffman’s condition: for any generated complete bipartite subgraph K _1,3 (a 3-claw) with parts {p} and {q ₁, q ₂, q ₃}, any vertex distinct from p and adjacent to the vertices q ₁ and q ₂ is adjacent to p but not adjacent to q ₃. We prove the converse statement for amply regular graphs containing a 3-claw and satisfying the condition μ > 1.     

Further progress on difference families with block size 4 or 5

A strong indication about the existence of a (7p, 4, 1) difference family with p ≡ 7 (mod 12) a prime has been given in [11]. Here, developing some ideas of that paper, we give, much more generally, a strong indication about the existence of a cyclic (pq, 4, 1) difference family whenever p and q are primes congruent to 7 (mod 12) and of a cyclic (pq, 5, 1) difference family whenever p and q are primes congruent to 11 (mod 20). Indeed we give an algorithm for their construction that seems to be always successful and we have checked it works whenever both primes p and q do not exceed 1,000. All our (pq, 4, 1) and (pq, 5, 1) difference families have the nice property of admitting a multiplier of order 3 or 5, respectively, that fixes almost all base blocks. As an intermediate result we also find an optimal (p, 5, 1) optical orthogonal code for every prime p ≡ 11 (mod 20) not exceeding 10,000.     

The number of connected sparsely edged graphs. III. Asymptotic results

The number of connected graphs on n labeled points and q lines (no loops, no multiple lines) is f(n,q). In the first paper of this series I showed how to find an (increasingly complicated) exact formula for f(n,n+k) for general n and successive k. The method would give an asymptotic approximation to f(n,n+k) for any fixed k as n → ∞. Here I find this approximation when k = o(n^1/3), a much more difficult matter. The problem of finding an approximation to f(n,q) when q > n + Cn^1/3 and (2 q/n) - log n → - ∞ is open.     

Some permutation groups of degreep=6q+1

Transitive permutation groups of degrees 43, 67, 79, 103 and 139 are classified.In this note we consider insoluble transitive permutation groups of degreeq = 6q+1 wherep andq are primes and summarise the computations whereby these groups have been classified for some small values ofq. The result which allows progress on this problem is due to McDonough [1]; he showed that if such a group has a Sylowp-normaliser of order 3p then it is isomorphic either toPSL(3, 3) orPAL(3, 5) (of degrees 13, 31 respectively). Using this theorem machine computations along the lines of those done by Parker, Nikolai and Appel [3, 2] for degreesp=2q+1 andp=4q+1 give the following     

Existence and multiplicity results for singular quasilinear elliptic equation on unbounded domain

In this paper, we are interested in the existence and multiplicity results of solutions for the singular quasilinear elliptic problem with concave–convex nonlinearities (0.1) where is an unbounded exterior domain with smooth boundary ?Ω, 1 < p < N,0 ≤ a < (N ? p) ∕ p,λ > 0,1 < s < p < r < q = pN ∕ (N ? pd),d = a + 1 ? b,a ≤ b < a + 1. By the variational methods, we prove that problem 0.1 admits a sequence of solutions u_k under the appropriate assumptions on the weight functions H(x) and H(x). For the critical case, s = q,h(x) = | x | ^{? bq}, we obtain that problem 0.1 has at least a nonnegative solution with p < r < q and a sequence of solutions u_k with 1 < r < p < q and J(u_k) → 0 as k → ∞ , where J(u) is the energy functional associated to problem 0.1 . Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Relative Position,Sequences and Operators in Banach Spaces

A (p + q) × (p + q) matrix-valued inner function S in the unit disc ?? is called (p, q)-type Arov-inner if in the block partition . the p × p diagonal block S₁₁ and the q × q diagonal block S₂₂ are outer matrix-valued functions. A holomorphic p × q matrix-valued function f in ?? is called Arov-completable if there is a (p, q)-type Arov-inner function S such that S₁₂ = f Arov-completability of a given p × q Schur function f is characterized in terms of a (p + q)-variate stationary sequence (X_{n) ? Z}) in Hilbert space which is naturally associated with f. The necessary and sufficient condition for Arov-completability is an orthogonality condition for certain backward and forward innovation vectors generated by (X_{n) ? Z}.     

Analysis on real hyperbolic spaces

The paper gives (a) an integral formula for eigenfunctions of invariant differential operators on the homogeneous space O(p, q)/O(p, q − 1) and (b) a direct integral decomposition of its L²-space under the regular representation of O(p, q).     

On the Theory of <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis></Subscript>(<Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis></Subscript>)-Banach Lattices

Given 1≤ p,q < ∞, let BL_pL_q be the class of all Banach lattices X such that X is isometrically lattice isomorphic to a band in some L_p(L_q)-Banach lattice. We show that the range of a positive contractive projection on any BL_pL_q-Banach lattice is itself in BL_pL_q. It is a consequence of this theorem and previous results that BL_pL_q is first-order axiomatizable in the language of Banach lattices. By studying the pavings of arbitrary BL_pL_q-Banach lattices by finite dimensional sublattices that are themselves in this class, we give an explicit set of axioms for BL_pL_q. We also consider the class of all sublattices of L_p(L_q)-Banach lattices; for this class (when p/q is not an integer) we give a set of axioms that are similar to Krivine’s well-known axioms for the subspaces of L_p-Banach spaces (when p/2 is not an integer). We also extend this result to the limiting case q = ∞.     

Approximation numbers and Kolmogorov widths of Hardy‐type operators in a non‐homogeneous case

Let I = [a , b ] ? ?, let 1 < q ≤ p < ∞, let u and v be positive functions with u ∈ L _{p ′} (I ) and v ∈ L _q (I ), and let T : L _p (I ) → L _q (I ) be the Hardy‐type operator given by Given any n ∈ ?, let s _n stand for either the n ‐th approximation number of T or the n ‐th Kolmogorov width of T . We show that where c _pq is an explicit constant depending only on p and q . (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)