基于遗传神经算法的压力钢管外压稳定性分析

压力钢管外压稳定性分析是重要而难以解决的问题。用遗传-神经网络模型对压力钢管外压稳定问题进行仿真计算,模型具有神经网络强大的函数逼近功能,同时利用遗传算法克服传统神经网络方法易陷入局部极小点的缺陷。实例仿真结果表明,用实数编码遗传神经网络模型分析加劲压力钢管的外压稳定性,具有效率高、鲁棒性好的优点,精度满足工程要求。     

关于细长压杆稳定问题的注记

关于细长压杆稳定问题的注记陈家骏（常州建筑职工大学常州２１３０１５）细长压杆失稳时挠度无法确定的原因,现有文献都解释为在推导挠度方程的过程中使用的是近似微分方程,即用二阶导数代替了弹性曲线的曲率,使方程线性化的缘故,但所得到的临界压力计算公式却与精确...     

高温后钢管再生混凝土轴压性能试验及承载力计算

为了揭示高温后钢管再生混凝土的轴压性能,以再生粗骨料取代率、历经最高温度、高温时长和混凝土强度为变化参数,设计了44个钢管再生混凝土试件进行高温后的静力加载试验。观察了高温前后试件的物理及力学性能变化,得到了受力破坏过程及形态,获取了受力全过程的荷载-变形曲线及峰值荷载、峰值位移、初始刚度、延性系数、能量耗散等特征点参数,并分析了各变化参数对试件轴压性能的影响,最后探讨了高温后钢管再生混凝土轴压极限承载力的计算方法。研究结果表明:随着历经温度的升高,钢管再生混凝土试件外观颜色由浅褐色转变为灰白色,其质量烧失率逐渐增大,试件的承载力和刚度逐渐降低;再生粗骨料取代率和高温时长的变化对高温后钢管再生混凝土轴压短柱力学性能影响不大;混凝土强度等级越高的试件,其遭受高温后的承载力和刚度也越大。     

可燃气体爆炸泄压过程中声动不稳定燃烧压力峰减弱方法的研究

本文介绍了爆炸减压板的减压性能和减压功能对比试验,指出爆炸减压板是防止建筑物在可燃气体泄放爆炸中破坏的重要措施。     

薄壁钢管再生混凝土轴压实验研究

通过对9个薄壁圆钢管再生混凝土短柱和9个薄壁方钢管再生混凝土短柱进行的轴压试验研究,比较了三种方法测定试件轴向变形的差异,分析了不同取代率和不同截面形式薄壁钢管再生混凝土的破坏变形特征,并运用不同设计规程对薄壁钢管再生混凝土的承载力强度进行了计算分析。得出薄壁钢管再生混凝土的变形破坏形式与普通薄壁钢管混凝土相似,及再生混凝土取代率对试件极限承载力和变形能力有一定影响的结论。另外根据计算比较,得到各规程在计算薄壁钢管再生混凝土极限承载力时的适用性。     

局部径向载荷作用下外压薄壁圆筒稳定性分析

为简化真空塔器外挂件支撑区局部失稳分析,提炼出局部径向载荷作用下外压薄壁圆筒稳定性计算模型. 以易拉罐为薄壁圆筒试件,对不同外压下试件的局部径向临界载荷进行了测试. 利用有限元法对各实验模型进行了特征值屈曲分析,结果与实验数据能较好地吻合. 采用正交设计及参数化计算,得到了各结构参数及外压下的局部径向临界载荷经验公式. 实例计算表明,所得经验公式稍有保守,可用于真空塔器外挂件支撑件区的局部稳定性分析.     

数值拟合函数在弹性压杆稳定分析中的应用

为了得到理想压杆在变化刚度约束下计算长度形式统一而数学原理较为简单的计算方法, 结合高校结构力学教学中涉及的部分结构的约束条件, 抽象出了受力计算模型, 应用静力法对于理想无限自由度杆件在不同约束情况下的稳定问题进行了分析, 并进行了数值分析计算, 发现了能较好地描述杆件杆端约束相对刚度与计算长度系数关系的Hill 函数.     

圆中空夹层钢管混凝土压扭构件试验研究

以轴压比和长细比为主要参数设计了7根圆中空夹层钢管混凝土试件,为了便于对比分析,同时设计了2根圆实心钢管混凝土试件,对其在压扭复合受力状态下的力学性能进行了试验研究。对试验现象和试验结果进行了描述与分析,结果表明:圆中空夹层钢管混凝土压扭构件的扭矩-转角全过程曲线未出现下降段,试件表现出一定的后期承载潜力,具有较好的塑性和延性性能;钢管对混凝土的约束效应在加载后期更为显著;轴压比、长细比和空心率对压扭试件的初始刚度影响不大,但轴压比和长细比对试件的抗扭承载力有一定影响。最后,采用压扭构件承载力相关方程对圆中空夹层钢管混凝土压扭构件的抗扭承载力进行了计算,计算结果与试验结果基本接近且总体偏于安全,可为工程设计提供参考。     

方钢管高强再生混凝土叠合柱轴压性能试验研究

为研究方钢管高强再生混凝土叠合柱受压性能,以混凝土种类、方钢管内是否配置拉结筋、箍筋间距和钢管壁厚为变化参数,完成了5根方钢管高强混凝土叠合柱的单调加载试验,并分析了不同变化参数对高强再生混凝土叠合柱受压性能的影响。结果表明：方钢管高强再生混凝土叠合柱损伤发展过程和破坏形态与普通混凝土叠合柱相似;方钢管高强再生混凝土叠合柱承载能力较普通混凝土叠合柱有所提高,但峰值荷载后承载力发生突降变形性能较差;方钢管内配置拉结筋、减小箍筋间距和增大钢管壁厚均提高了方钢管高强再生混凝土叠合柱的受力性能。考虑方钢管对核心再生混凝土以及箍筋对外围钢筋再生混凝土的约束,本文提出了方钢管高强再生混凝土叠合柱的轴压承载力计算公式,结果表明,计算值与实测值吻合较好。     

钢管砂轻混凝土轴压短柱力学性能研究

为了研究钢管砂轻混凝土短柱的轴压性能,以砂轻混凝土中河砂与陶砂的体积比例为变化参数,制作了3个圆钢管砂轻混凝土短柱试件和3个方钢管砂轻混凝土短柱试件,进行了静力单调轴压性能试验.观察了试件的受力过程和破坏形态,获取并分析了试件的应力-应变全过程曲线,基于统一强度理论、极限平衡理论和叠加理论分别计算了钢管砂轻混凝土短柱试件的轴压极限承载力.结果表明:钢管砂轻混凝土轴压短柱的外部钢管均向外屈曲,核心砂轻混凝土被压碎,方钢管砂轻混凝土短柱上部破坏程度较圆钢管砂轻混凝土短柱严重;钢管砂轻混凝土短柱的应力-应变曲线存在弹性、弹塑性和塑性三个受力阶段;建议采用基于叠加理论的AIJ-1997(CECS 159:2004或AIJ-1997)进行圆(方)钢管砂轻混凝土短柱轴压极限承载力的设计计算.     

Large Eddy Simulation of Low Swirl Flames Under External Flow Excitations

Low swirl flame characteristics under external flow excitations are numerically investigated using large eddy simulations with a dynamically thickened flame combustion model. A finite volume scheme on a Cartesian grid with a dynamic one equation eddy viscosity subgrid scale model is used for large eddy simulations. The excitations are imposed on inlet velocity profiles by a sinusoidal forcing function over a wide range of amplitudes and frequencies. Present investigation shows that although, the swirling motion of the low swirl flame is not intense enough to induce a recirculation zone in ensemble averaged results, external flow excitations increase the local swirl number upstream of the flame front. Such increase in the local swirl number is at maximum value when the low swirl flame is excited at the dominant frequency of the flow field, which in turn induces a vortex breakdown and hence a central recirculation zone. The strength and size of the time averaged recirculation zone depend on both the amplitude and frequency of the excitations. Moreover, phase-locked results indicate that external flow excitations induce local swirl fluctuations ahead of the flame front which alter the strength of the recirculation zone at different phase angles of the excitations.     

Stability of a Sandwich Cylindrical Shell with Core Subject to External Pressure and Pressure in the Inner Cylinder*

International Applied Mechanics - A generalized design model is proposed to study the stability and initial post-buckling equilibrium trajectory of sandwich cylindrical shells with elastic core...     

半解析有限元法分析圆柱壳外压稳定性问题的研究

圆柱壳外压稳定性问题,采用半解析有限元法,周向使用解析型的三角函数,轴向使用离散型的插值多项式,使问题得到了简化,减小了自由度,提高了精度.     

Stability of Laminated Coatings Under Elastoplastic Deformation

A piecewise-homogeneous-medium model is used to consider a stability problem for layered elastoplastic coatings under plain strain. The theory of small elastoplastic strains is used. Characteristic equations are derived in an explicit form for a power dependence between the strain and stress intensities. The effect of the inelastic properties of layers on the phenomenon being studied is demonstrated by a specific example     

压力梯度对边界层两相流动稳定性的影响

分析了有压力梯度的边界层两相流动稳定性,推导出类似于Saffman理论的修正的稳定性方程,数值计算采用高精度的谱方法。结果说明,压力梯度对边界层两相流动稳定性有显著的影响,顺压梯度增强流动稳定性,而逆压梯度则促进流动失稳。在不同的压力梯度和浓度下,Stokes数对流动稳定性的影响是一致的,存在一个临界Stokes数,小Stokes数促进流动失稳,而大Stokes数则提高临界雷诺数,抑制流动失稳的最佳Stokes数为10的量级。     

Simulation of Correlated Non-Gaussian Pressure Fields

Abstract. Among a host of techniques developed for the analysis and prediction of nonlinear structural response, simulation methods are gaining popularity as computational efficiency increases. Implementation of time domain methods require simulated load time histories with case-specific statistical and spectral characteristics. When the assumption of Gaussian wind loading is inappropriate, techniques for simulating non-Gaussian loading must be sought. Over a larger expanse of building surface, simulation of correlated loads at several spatially separated locations is required. This work introduces a multi-variate non-Gaussian simulation method capable of producing realizations with a wide range of spectral and probabilistic characteristics. The correlation between multiple locations is accurately simulated simultaneously, while retaining the appropriate spectral and probabilistic content at each location.Sommario. Tra la varie tecniche per l'analisi e la previsione della risposta structurale non lineare, stanno acquistando grande popolarità i metodi di simulazione poiché incrementano l'efficienza computazionale. L'implementazione dei metodi nel domino del tempo richiede la simulazione di storie temporali di carico con specifiche caratteristiche statistiche e spettrali. Quando l'ipotesi di gaussianità dell'azione del vento non risulta adeguata puòessere necessario ricorrere a techniche di simulazione di carichi non gaussiani. Per superfici di edifici più estese è richiesta la simulazione di carichi correlati in diverse posizioni separate spazialmente. La presente memoria introduce un metodo di simulazione multivariata non-gaussiana capace di riprodurre realizzazioni con un ampio campo di caratteristiche spettrali e probabilistiche. La correlazione tra le molteplici posizioni viene simulata simultaneamente in modo accurato mantenendo in ciascuna posizione caratteristiche spettrali e probabilistiche appropriate.