An overview of progress in Mg-based hydrogen storage films

Mg-based hydrogen storage materials are considered to be one of the most promising solid-state hydrogen storage materials due to their large hydrogen storage capacity and low cost. However, slow hydrogen absorption/desorption rate and excessive hydrogen absorption/desorption temperature limit the application of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials.The present paper reviews the advances in the research of Mg-based hydrogen storage film in recent years, including the advantage of the film, the function theory of fabricating method and its functional theory, and the influencing factors in the technological process. The research status worldwide is introduced in detail. By comparing pure Mg, Pd-caped Mg, nonpalladium capped Mg, and Mg alloy hydrogen storage films, an ideal tendency for producing Mg-based film is pointed out,for example, looking for a cheap metal element to replace the high-priced Pd, compositing Mg film with other hydrogen storage alloy of catalytic elements, and so on.     

Photorefractive effects for reversible holographic storage of information

Optical storage of information offers great potential for high capacity and speed. A very promising approach to the embodiment of an optical memory is based on volume storage in the form of phase holograms. Attractive storage materials for such a system are electrooptic crystals. The storage mechanism in these materials is based on light induced permanent changes of the refractive index-the photorefractive effect. In this article the physical processes underlying photorefractive hologram recording are outlined, and some of the advantages and limitations of this method are discussed.     

Reversible holographic recording materials for optical information storage

The organization of a random access read-write-erase holographic optical memory is described, and estimates are given for the characteristics required of a reversible holographic storage material suitable for this application. The characteristics of photo-chromic, thermo-chromic, and electrically controlled materials are surveyed to indicate how far existing materials satisfy, or could be developed to satisfy, the requirements of fast optical information storage. A figure of merit is defined to indicate the relative value of existing materials for storage applications.     

光致变色多阶游程光存储研究

多阶游程存储是一种不改变光学系统而显著提高光存储容量和数据传输率的新方法.介绍了光致变色多阶游程存储原理和实验系统.提出了基于光致变色原理的多阶游程存储数学模型，该模型反映了记录符反射率与曝光功率、曝光时间之间的非线性关系，并在此基础上确定了光致变色多阶游程存储的写策略.基于650nm光致变色材料进行了4阶游程存储的动态实验.结果表明，实验中采用的650nm光致变色材料可用于多阶游程存储，采用的写策略能够有效地使记录信道线性化，利于采用适合线性系统的信号处理方法. 关键词： 多阶游程 光致变色 光存储 写策略     

新型轻质储氢材料的第一性原理原子尺度设计

综述了近几年涌现出的一批新型轻质储氢材料,包括：碳纳米管、金属有机框架多孔材料、Al/B系复杂氢化物、金属-氮-氢系、金属有机复合物等,对其中采用第一性原理研究所取得的成果和最新的进展做了介绍,并结合实验结果做了应用分析.总结了各轻质储氢材料关联,为各种储氢材料设计之间提供了可以相互借鉴的方法,以便发展新的研究思路. 关键词： 储氢材料 第一性原理 从头算 密度泛函理论     

Nanomaterials for electrochemical energy storage

The development of nanotechnology in the past two decades has generated great capability of controlling materials at the nanometer scale and has enabled exciting opportunities to design materials with desirable electronic, ionic, photonic, and mechanical properties. This development has also contributed to tile advance in energy storage, which is a critical technology in this century. In this article, we will review how the rational design of nanostructured materials has addressed the challenges of batteries and electrochemical capacitors and led to high-performance electrochemical energy storage devices. Four specific material systems will be discussed： i） nanostructured alloy anodes for Li-batteries, ii） nanostructured sulfur cathodes for Li-batteries, iii） nanoporous open- framework battery electrodes, and iv） nanostructured electrodes for electrochemical capacitors.     

光致变色二芳基乙烯多波长光存储研究

多波长光致变色存储是基于光致变色原理的一种高容量光存储方法.介绍了多波长光存储的存储原理、系统构成和光盘结构.利用三波长光致变色存储实验装置，进行了三波长光致变色存储的实验.结果显示，实验中采用的三种光致变色材料可用于多波长存储，多波长存储读出信号对比度较高，各记录信号之间几乎无串扰.记录信息经50次低速读出后仍保持较高对比度. 关键词： 多波长 光致变色 光存储 串扰     

Testing heat storage capability of some loose granular materials

The role of the heat storage coefficient of some loose granular materials in determining the amount of heat retained during the transient state has been investigated. An experimental study has been done in the laboratory for testing the heat storage capability of some loose granular materials such as marble powder, dune sand, ash, high refractory cement, wheat husk and sawdust. For this purpose a wooden box of sides 30.5 × 51 × 53 cm was fabricated. In the middle of this a rectangular plastic box (heat store) of sides 28 × 23 × 6.5 cm, surrounded by loose granular materials, was placed. The upper portion of the wooden box was covered by thermal insulation. Two containers, similar to the one placed in the materials, were lying above the wooden box at a height. Using a battery of electric light bulbs the temperature of water in these containers was raised to about 70°C. The water from one of the containers was transferred to the container lying in the material. A study of heat loss from this container (heat store) and from the other one which was lying in the open, was conducted at time intervals. In the heat store a thermocouple was also placed along the z-axis. It was found that the fall in temperature of the materials surrounding the heat store is determined by the heat storage coefficients of the surrounding materials, which were measured by the plane heat source method. It was observed that for the low-values of heat storage coefficient surrounding materials, the heat dissipation from the heat store was low, whereas for high valued heat storage coefficient material surrounding the store, heat loss increased.     

Optical data storage on protein using angular multiplexing

Diffractive data recording was investigated during recent years mainly by using holography, on a large range of materials. Every material that can be light modulated has advantages and disadvantages. But none of the advantages identified for using these investigated materials allows an effective optimal use for standard high-capacity data storing.We propose a new data recording method and process for data storage relying on the performances of doped protein material. We describe this material, its preparation and the storage process that we have validated experimentally. We demonstrated that data storage capacity can be effective on protein, opening stimulating perspectives. In this paper, we describe a way to operate analogic diffractive storage and retrieval.     

Laser-modified luminescence for optical data storage

The yearly growing quantities of dataflow create a desired requirement for advanced data storage methods. Luminescent materials, which possess adjustable parameters such as intensity, emission center, lifetime, polarization, etc., can be used to enable multi-dimensional optical data storage (ODS) with higher capacity, longer lifetime and lower energy consumption. Multiplexed storage based on luminescent materials can be easily manipulated by lasers, and has been considered as a feasible option to break through the limits of ODS density. Substantial progresses in laser-modified luminescence based ODS have been made during the past decade. In this review, we recapitulated recent advancements in laser-modified luminescence based ODS, focusing on the defect-related regulation, nucleation, dissociation, photoreduction, ablation, etc. We conclude by discussing the current challenges in laser-modified luminescence based ODS and proposing the perspectives for future development.     

Progress in improving thermodynamics and kinetics of new hydrogen storage materials

Hydrogen storage material has been much developed recently because of its potential for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell applications. A successful solid-state reversible storage material should meet the requirements of high storage capacity, suitable thermodynamic properties, and fast adsorption and desorption kinetics. Complex hydrides, including boron hydride and alanate, ammonia borane, metal organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), are remarkable hydrogen storage materials because of their advantages of high energy density and safety. This feature article focuses mainly on the thermodynamics and kinetics of these hydrogen storage materials in the past few years.     

二芳烯材料在重复擦写体全息存储中的应用研究

二芳烯材料是一种性能优异的光致色变材料,具有很好的抗疲劳性能,一般能重复擦写上万次,而不损失其性能。通过体全息光栅记录实验、角度复用体全息存储实验、重复擦写及强光记弱光读等实验,对二芳烯材料在重复擦写体全息存储中的应用进行了系统研究。由于二芳烯材料具有很高的折射率调制度(Δn=1.15×10-3)、可多次重复擦写、强光记弱光读的准非易失等性能,在可重复擦写的体全息存储中具有广阔的应用前景。     

储氢材料与金属氢化物-镍电池

储氢合金是金属氢化物-镍电池的关键材料，文中简要评述了稀土镍系合金、Laves相系合金、镁基合金、钒基固溶体和纳米管材料作为储氢电极材料的研究进展与目前存在问题，并简要介绍了动力金属氢化物-镍电池的开发动态。     

Rare-earth-doped materials for applications in quantum information storage and signal processing

Realization of practical quantum memory and optical signal processing systems critically depends on suitable materials that offer specific combinations of properties. Solid-state materials such as rare-earth ions doped into dielectric crystals are one of the most promising candidates for several quantum information storage protocols, including quantum storage of single photons. This article provides an overview of rare-earth-doped material properties and summarizes some of the most promising materials studied in our laboratory and by other groups for applications in quantum information storage and for ultra-wide bandwidth signal processing. Understanding and controlling spectral diffusion in these materials, which ultimately limits the achievable performance of any quantum memory system, is also briefly reviewed. Applications in quantum information impose stringent requirements on laser phase and frequency stability, and employing a narrow spectral hole in the inhomogeneous absorption profile in these materials as a frequency reference can dramatically improve laser stability. We review our work on laser frequency and phase stabilization and report our recent results on using a narrow spectral hole as a passive dynamic spectral filter for laser phase noise suppression, which can dramatically narrow the laser linewidth with or without the requirement of active feedback.     

Titanium-functional group complexes for high-capacity hydrogen storage materials

Using first-principles density-functional electronic structure calculations, we propose functionalized organic molecules decorated with titanium atoms as high-capacity hydrogen storage materials. We study six kinds of functional groups which form complexes with Ti atoms and find that each complex is capable of binding up to six H₂ molecules. Among such complexes, Ti-decorated ethane-1,2-diol can store H₂’s with the maximum gravimetric density of 13 wt% and, under ambient conditions, a practically usable capacity of 5.5 wt%. We also present various forms of storage materials which are obtained by modifying well-known nanomaterials using Ti-functional group complexes.     

光致变色材料多阶光存储模型与实验

光致变色材料具有光子型反应的特点,控制光致变色材料吸收的光子数就可以控制材料的反应程度,从而实现多阶存储。根据光化学反应的原理,分析了光致变色材料的写入过程,建立了光致变色多阶存储写入过程的反射率模型。根据该模型的仿真计算结果,设定了一组合适的曝光量,在1,2_双(2_甲基_5_(4_(1,3_二氧戊环基)苯基)噻吩_3_基)全氟环戊烯材料上实现了8阶存储。     

Effect of temperature and moisture on the heat storage coefficient of loose granular systems

A theoretical model has been developed for the prediction of heat storage coefficients of two- and three-phase systems using the geometry dependent resistor model. By considering components as equivalent resistors, a combination of such resistors has been taken to predict the effective heat storage coefficient of materials. A plane heat source method has been used for the experimental determination of heat storage coefficients of some loose granular materials with the variation of moisture content and temperature. The heat storage coefficients of these substances have been determined experimentally and values obtained are compared with predicted values of two- and three-phase systems. In all the cases, good agreement was found between the measured and predicted values.     

Tripyrrylmethane based 2D porous structure for hydrogen storage

The key to hydrogen storage is to design new materials with light mass, large surface and rich adsorption sites. Based on the recent experimental success in synthesizing tripyrrylmethane, we have explored Ti-tripyrrylmethane based 2D porous structure for hydrogen storage using density functional theory. We have found that the structure is stable, and the exposed Ti sites can bind three hydrogen molecules with an average binding energy of 0.175 eV/H₂, which lies in the energy window for storage and release of hydrogen in room temperature and at the ambient pressure.     

超高密度电学信息存储研究进展

21世纪是经济信息化、信息数字化的高科技时代，信息的爆炸式增长及电子器件持续微型化的要求需要小断研究和开发更高仔储密度、更快响应速度、更长存储寿命及可反复读、写的材料和器件。在纳米／分子尺度上实现存储功能的超高密度信息存储已成为当前信息领域一个倍受关注的研究热点。本文从存储材料和技术角度介绍了基于电学双稳态的超高密度信息存储最新研究进展。     

近场光学在高密度存储中的应用

近场光学在高密度存储方面有着很大的潜力 ,使得近场光学存储近年来得到了广泛的关注。近场光学存储具有高密度大容量及可以利用许多已有相关技术等优点 ,预计近场光学存储密度能达到 7Gbit/ cm2 ;它还可以采用硬盘驱动器中的空气悬浮磁头技术和磁光存储中的技术等 ,使近场存储的研究和开发更加迅速。目前 ,近场光学存储主要有三种方案 :探针型方案、超分辨率近场结构、固体浸没透镜方案 ,这三种方案都是通过不同的方法缩小记录光斑来实现高密度的存储。介绍了近场光学存储的原理、研究现状及材料 ,并对三种近场存储方案的实现方法和发展概况作了详细的阐述 ,分析了这三种方案的优缺点