连续旋转环状色谱的数学模型参数分析

连续旋转环状色谱用数学模型模拟时,模拟结果的精确度和所采用参数的“灵敏”程度有关。为此,探讨了相平衡常数、相间传质系数、弥散返混系数等对色谱峰质量浓度最高点位置角度（保留值）、分离度、峰宽和产率等参数的灵敏度并对它们逐一进行了分析。认为相平衡关系对分离效果最为敏感。筛选吸附量大、选择性好的吸附剂是改进操作效果的最佳途径。     

气相色谱和液相色谱微型化中的关键问题

目前分析仪器微型化的浪潮汹涌澎湃,人们以极大的热情投入到这个浪潮中。从世界各地的实验室里出现的原理型样机看上去是如此的微小、简洁和令人惊诧,有如此多的加工工艺可以应用在微型器件的加工和组合上从非常昂贵的、在超净房间才能使用的精密仪器设备和工艺到土法上马、在普通房间就能操作的加工手段。它的前景是那样的诱人,引无数英雄一试身手。　　从1986年我第一次听说微型气相色谱仪并看到相关文章,就认定它是色谱发展的未来。1987年底我在荷兰第一次看到它时,就下决心今生一定研究微型色谱,因为它从观念上、认识上打开了分析仪…     

Operation Rates of Different Schemes of Continuous Chromatomembrane Gas Extraction

The operation rates of different schemes of chromatomembrane gas extraction were compared. It was demonstrated that the cocurrent scheme (when the phases move in one direction) exhibits the highest rate, the two-dimensional scheme (motion of the phases at an angle of 90°) ranks below, and the countercurrent scheme (the phases move in opposite directions) exhibits the lowest rate.__________Translated from Zhurnal Analiticheskoi Khimii, Vol. 60, No. 8, 2005, pp. 820–824.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Rodinkov, Moskvin, Maiorova.     

草酸电解合成乙醛酸连续化工艺研究

针对传统草酸电解生产乙醛酸工艺只能间歇循环的缺陷,本文提出模拟连续化实验方案,并分别设计阴极冷却反应器和阴极冷却固定床反应器,探讨连续化实验的可行性.另外还考察了草酸饱和度和温度工艺参数对反应的影响.实验表明,保持草酸过饱和和利用变温操作可在反应停留时间(30m in)内于连续化反应过程中得到分别含有3.76%和3.66%乙醛酸的反应液,因此阴极冷却固定床反应器可望实现草酸电解还原乙醛酸的连续化生产.     

Rapid Determination of Explosives and Narcotics Using a Multicapillary-Column Gas Chromatograph and an Ion-Mobility Spectrometer

A gas chromatograph for the rapid determination of explosives (2,4-dinitrotoluene, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, and pentaerythritol tetranitrate) and narcotics (heroin, cocaine hydrochloride, and crack) is described, and its analytical characteristics are presented. The instrument was equipped with a multicapillary column and an ion-mobility spectrometer as a detector.     

气相色谱仪检定装置的使用方法

依据JJG 700–1999《气相色谱仪检定规程》介绍气相色谱仪检定装置的使用方法。检定项目包括载气流速稳定性、柱箱温度稳定性和程序升温重复性、衰减器换挡误差以及检测器的灵敏度。给出了热导检测器(TCD)、火焰离子化检测器(FID)、火焰光度检测器(FPD)、电子俘获检测器(ECD)和氮磷检测器(NPD)检定时的色谱条件及使用注意事项。正确使用气相色谱仪检定装置能保证仪器测量数据的准确可靠。     

介绍改进的恒沸点仪

针对原有双液体系沸点-成分图的绘制实验中仪器的缺点,改进了恒沸点仪,通过实验证明,改进型仪器可以有效克服原有仪器的缺点,实验结果与文献值吻合,用时减少约1/3,适合基础实验教学使用。     

凝胶色谱仪的开放使用与管理

凝胶色谱仪是高分子化学学科日常科研工作的必备仪器.随着高校高分子化学学科的迅猛发展,如何提高该仪器的开放使用和管理维护变得十分重要.总结了管理的经验及体会.     

低压离子色谱仪的原理及应用

本介绍了一种新型的离子色谱仪，它可以在１．９６－２．９４×１０＾５Ｐａ（约２８－４３Ｐｓｉ）的低压下，分析Ｃｕ＾２＾＋，Ｚｎ＾２＾＋，Ｎｉ＾２＾＋，Ｃｏ＾２＾＋，Ｆｅ（Ⅲ），Ｃｄ＾２＾＋，Ｍｎ＾２＾＋，Ｆｅ＾２＾＋，Ａｌ（Ⅲ），Ｚｒ（Ⅲ），Ｃｒ（Ⅲ），Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）等金属阳离子。中介绍了该仪器的原理及应用。     

连续环状色谱分离木糖—山梨糖混合溶液的研究──轴向扩散系数和总传质系数的辨识

本文提出了连续环状色谱分离过程的参数辨识方法，包括其轴向扩散系数的辨识模型，以惰性物ＣａＣｌ２作示踪剂，００１×７树脂为填料，采用扰动－应答法技术在环状色谱床中测定轴向扩散系数。考虑轴向扩散的作用，建立了线性吸附平衡体系的相平衡常数及总传质系数的辨识模型，并对木糖──山梨糖体系，采用扰动－应答技术测定相平衡常数及总传质系数。考察了操作因素对轴向扩散系数与总传质系数的影响规律。结果表明，流速增加，轴向扩散系数加大，环状色谱床中的流动明显地偏离理想活塞流；流速增加，总传质系数也相应增大。     

气相色谱仪验证要点

介绍分析仪器验证的基本概念和主要内容。总结了气相色谱仪验证中设计确认、安装确认、运行确认和性能确认的验证过程和要点,详细介绍了验证内容、具体项目、参考指标、参与人员、时间频次和要点等内容,指出了气相色谱仪验证需要注意的问题,提出了气相色谱仪验证工作的改进建议,为气相色谱仪器验证提供技术参考。     

New and Improved Synthesis of Montelukast,an Anti‐asthmatic Drug

A new industrially viable synthesis of Montelukast, an anti‐asthmatic drug, is described.     

放电离子化气相色谱仪在高纯度氢分析中的应用

论述放电离子化（DID）检测器气相色谱仪的工作原理．通过高纯氢中杂质分析,从检测限、重复性、再现性以及线性范围4个方面阐述了放电离子化气相色谱仪在高纯度氢检测分析中的应用．     

Improved Methods for the Synthesis of Irbesartan,an Antihypertensive Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient

New methods for the preparation of irbesartan 1 have been described. The dehydration and tetrazole formation in one step from substituted cyclopentane derivative 7 with tributyltin chloride and sodium azide is described. Selective hydrolysis of nitrile 3 with HCl has also been described in the preparation of N‐acylaminocyclopentane‐2‐carboxylic acid 4, which is the key intermediate for the preparation of irbesartan. The impurity profiling of irbesartan has also been discussed.     

色谱数据处理机专用喷墨打印头的重复利用

 色谱数据处理机专用喷墨打印头是一种高值易耗品。针对这一问题 ,介绍了一种喷墨打印头灌装技术 ,以便大家在工作中采用 ,节约分析费用。     

微生物传感器—高效液相色谱联用研究

本文用自制的单一或复合的微生物传感器作检测器,与高效液相色谱结合,对7种氮基酸,5种有机醇,以及同化糖与醇,维生素等7种混合体系进行分离硷测,取得较好的结果。     

微小型氢火焰离子化检测器及在色谱中的应用

构建了一种微小型氢火焰离子化检测器(μ-FID).与传统FID不同,助燃空气从收集极上部侧面导入,沿收集极与检测器壳体之间的缝隙向下流动,以环状气流沿壁流入燃烧室,流向反转后从中空的收集极内流出.火焰喷口位于燃烧腔的正中心轴线上,该区域助燃气的流动非常稳定,因此噪音电平非常低.采用更高的极化电压以提高离子化效率.对喷口...     

JJG823–2014《离子色谱仪检定规程》解读

就JJG 823–2014《离子色谱仪检定规程》与JJG 823–1993《离子色谱仪》检定规程在适用范围、泵流量、柱箱温度、基线噪声和基线漂移、最小检测浓度、线性范围和重复性7个方面的变化进行了详细比对,对新规程在使用过程中需要注意的地方作了说明。     

Improved High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatograph with Three Multilayer Coils Connected in Series. III. Evaluation of Semianalytical Column with Various Biological Samples and Inorganic Elements

Abstract

The partition efficiency of the counter-current chromatographic centrifuge was improved by mounting a set of three multilayer coils prepared from a 1.07 mm I.D. and ca 300 m length of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) tube with a total capacity of 270 ml. The high performance of the present apparatus has been successfully demonstrated in separations of various testing samples which include DNP (dinitrophenyl) amino acids, indole auxins, tetracycline derivatives, flavonoids, bacitracin, triterpenoic acids, and lanthanoid chlorides.     

Continuous organelle separation in an insulator-based dielectrophoretic device

Heterogeneity in organelle size has been associated with devastating human maladies such as neurodegenerative diseases or cancer. Therefore, assessing the size-based subpopulation of organelles is imperative to understand the biomolecular foundations of these diseases. Here, we demonstrated a ratchet migration mechanism using insulator-based dielectrophoresis in conjunction with a continuous flow component that allows the size-based separation of submicrometer particles. The ratchet mechanism was realized in a microfluidic device exhibiting an array of insulating posts, tailoring electrokinetic and dielectrophoretic transport. A numerical model was developed to elucidate the particle migration and the size-based separation in various conditions. Experimentally, the size-based separation of a mixture of polystyrene beads (0.28 and 0.87 $\mu$m) was accomplished demonstrating good agreement with the numerical model. Furthermore, the size-based separation of mitochondria was investigated using a mitochondria mixture isolated from HepG2 cells and HepG2 cells carrying the gene Mfn-1 knocked out, indicating distinct size-related migration behavior. With the presented continuous flow separation device, larger amounts of fractionated organelles can be collected in the future allowing access to the biomolecular signature of mitochondria subpopulations differing in size.