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D. G. Cantellow S. L. Burton R. M. Laing 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》1969,20(1):25-42
The paper describes a decision-making model to control the entire expenditure by Rolls-Royce Aero Engine Division with outside suppliers. The project began as an “investigation into economic order quantities”, and expanded into an automatic decision-making package for determining the size of orders to be placed on suppliers, the length of time into the future these orders should stretch, the best price break information to ask for, and the extent to which changes in demand within Rolls-Royce should be suppressed to cushion the suppliers from unnecessary fluctuations. A conservative estimate of savings which result from implementing a model of this nature is that the purchase bill is reduced by at least 5 per cent and the inventory by somewhere in the region of 15 per cent. 相似文献
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水资源配置的多属性特征使得在方案综合评价中依据不同的聚合方法,能够获得不完全一致的方案排序结果。本文从水资源配置方案评价的决策矩阵及方案排序结果中的信息量大小入手,利用信息熵理论和斯皮尔曼等级相关系数提出衡量水资源配置方案综合评价中信息损失的香农斯皮尔曼测度。并构造由2种权重(熵权法权重、证据理论权重)与3种评价模型(简单加权法、模糊优选法、TOPSIS)组合而成的6种综合评价模型。最后,将香农斯皮尔曼测度运用到天津市水资源配置方案综合评价过程中的信息损失的衡量,并与文献中的综合评价模型所得结果进行比较。结果表明,采用证据理论权重-模糊优选评价模型所得评价结果的绝对信息损失和相对信息损失最小。通过水资源配置方案综合评价中的信息损失测度研究,能够使得水资源配置方案综合评价过程更加透明,并为决策部门选取理想的水资源配置方案综合评价方法提供决策支持。 相似文献
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不确定决策环境下绿色供应商选择方法研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
针对不确定环境下绿色供应商选择问题,提出了一种属性权重信息完全未知且属性值以区间数形式给出的多属性决策方法。基于区间数相离度概念,定义了区间数的平均差,建立属性权重计算方法——带参数的平均差极大化方法。此方法具有一定的柔性,可以通过参数来调节属性之间的差别程度。最后把该方法应用于绿色供应商选择,说明了该方法的实用性和有效性。 相似文献
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In the face of acute global competition, supplier management is rapidly emerging as a crucial issue to any companies striving for business success and sustainable development. To optimize competitive advantages, a company should incorporate “suppliers” as an essential part of its core competencies. Supplier evaluation, the first step in supplier management, is a complex multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem, and its complexity is further aggravated if the highly important interdependence among the selection criteria is taken into consideration. The objective of this paper is to suggest a comprehensive decision method for identifying top suppliers by considering the effects of interdependence among the selection criteria, as well as to achieve optimal allocation of orders among the selected suppliers. 相似文献
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科学的应急救援协同决策理论方法,不但能使应急管理系统更好地发挥作用,而且能使政府及公众的应急救援行为更加规范和有序.为此,针对应急环境下决策信息不完全的背景,研究构建了一类综合集成网络层次分析法(ANP)、证据理论(D-SEvidence Theory)以及改进的理想点法(TOPSIS)的混合多属性应急协同决策方法.其中ANP用于处理应急救援方案非独立和相互联系的评价指标权重的确立,D-S Theory用于处理不完全信息条件下多个部门对应急救援候选方案的不同评价信息融合,改进的理想点法(TOPSIS)则用于最终候选应急救援方案的排序.研究结果表明,所提出的混合多属性协同决策方法不仅在理论上有所集成创新,而且在实际应用中可以有效解决应急环境下多部门或多环节协同决策问题. 相似文献
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小微型供应商由于产能、资金等限制,其目标可能是实现成本利润率最优,从而提高企业生存能力。基于该观察,区别于多数文献采用利润最优决策准则,本文研究由小微供应商和零售商组成的单周期供应链决策问题。小微供应商面临产出随机风险,以成本利润率最大为目标进行产能决策,零售商以利润最大为目标确定最优订购量。研究发现小微供应商的成本利润率受到自身成本偏重系数以及零售商盈利能力的共同影响,将出现亏损、合理盈利、超额盈利三种情况。并且,零售商采取不同订货策略也会对小微供应商盈利情况产生差异影响。保守(积极)订货策略下,零售商是否盈利取决于自身单位净利润能否弥补单位缺货损失(自身可盈利空间)。本文研究融合现实普遍存在的产出随机问题,为小微供应商和其他供应链成员的产能/订购决策问题提供有益的管理启示。 相似文献
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W C Tsai 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》2009,60(7):1005-1011
Supplier evaluation is a multiple attribute decision-making (MADM) problem involving a mixture of qualitative and quantitative attributes. Some mathematical programming techniques have difficulty in dealing with the qualitative attributes that are not easy to measure but very important in supplier evaluation. Fuzzy set theory is useful whenever variables defining a complex and vague system can neither be quantitatively defined nor assigned very precise measures, but are described by linguistic values. This paper presents a procedure for supplier evaluation by incorporating fuzzy set theory into the evaluation process to handle the qualitative attributes in the problem. A mathematical ranking method is used to convert the qualitative attributes into crisp scores. All the quantitative and qualitative performance measures are normalized and then using the proposed model, data are integrated into a single score to rank suppliers. The model application is demonstrated through two previously reported data sets under lean philosophy. 相似文献
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针对绿色供应商选择过程中,评价指标数量明显超过可供选择的供应商数量且指标之间存在优序关系等特点,提出了基于中智犹豫模糊语言优先QUALIFLEX方法的绿色供应商选择方法.首先,利用中智犹豫模糊语言表征评价信息和评价权重;其次,构造优先矩阵对指标权重做精确化处理,考虑到决策者对指标的要求和指标之间的优序关系,对指标权重进行修订;然后,提出改进的中智犹豫模糊语言余弦距离测度,在此基础上借助QUALIFLEX方法确定备选供应商的最终排序;最后,利用化学制药企业选择原料供应商的案例验证了所提方法的有效性. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Operational Research》2006,174(3):1580-1594
Internet based marketplaces have enabled industrial buyers to locate suppliers from geographically diverse locations. This has resulted in increased variations in certain supplier parameters such as capacity and cost among the participating suppliers. However, the impact of this increased heterogeneity on the procurement practices are not well understood. In this paper we consider three supplier parameters that can affect the price the buyer pays and the number of suppliers that the buyer will select for award of contract. These attributes are capacity, production cost and demand for supplier’s capacity. We show how these parameters impact the price that a supplier quotes. We also show how the buyer will determine the optimum number of suppliers using a reverse auction mechanism when he does not have perfect knowledge of the suppliers’ parameters. Our model suggests that buyers need to adjust some of the input parameters while procuring capacity from a heterogeneous supply base. For instance, buyers need to pre-qualify more suppliers if the supply base has greater heterogeneity. 相似文献
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赵中原 《数学的实践与认识》2009,39(18)
公路工程评标是一项多目标的复杂决策过程,在公路工程多方案分析评价的层次分析决策中应用模糊一致矩阵方法,有效的避开了模糊综合评判中隶属度确定问题.为公路工程评价方案决策这类定性与定量因素并存、正相关与负相关混杂的多因素、多层次评价提供了另一类有效的评判方法,通过公路工程评标方案的分析得到公路工程方案的排序结果,实例分析证明模糊一致矩阵方法是可行的. 相似文献
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《Applied Mathematical Modelling》2014,38(17-18):4512-4527
In the complex multi-attribute large-group decision-making (CMALGDM) problems in interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy (IVIF) environment, attributes of the alternatives are often stratified and correlated. This paper proposes a decision-making method for these problems based on partial least squares (PLS) path modelling, which not only fully exploits the decision information of decision makers (DMs), but also effectively addresses the relativity problem in the decision attributes and objectively assigned weights to the primary decision attributes (i.e., “latent variables for decision making”). The method can be outlined in three steps. First, a two-stage method is proposed to transform the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy number (IVIFN) samples into single-valued samples. In this step, an improved C-OWA operator is first given to transform the IVIFN samples into intuitionistic fuzzy number (IFN) samples, which makes the preference information of the DMs more objectively aggregated. Then a proposed membership-based method is applied to reduce the information loss and transform the IFN samples into single-valued samples. Second, the estimated values and weights of the “latent variables for decision-making” are obtained by means of the PLS path modelling algorithm. Finally, a multi-alternative sorting method is devised in accordance with the estimated values and weights. An example is provided to illustrate the proposed technique and evaluate its feasibility and validity. 相似文献
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The current paper presents a comprehensive methodology for supplier selection. In the first stage, the linguistic values expressed as trapezoidal fuzzy numbers are used to assess the weights of the criteria. The Axiomatic Fuzzy Set clustering (AFS) method, which handles ambiguity and fuzziness in the supplier selection problem effectively, is applied to cluster the suppliers and evaluate each potential supplier that aims at obtaining initial supplier ranking. In the second stage, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) model is constructed to determine the weight of various quantitative and qualitative criteria. To address multiple decision criteria in supplier ranking, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is employed to select the final suppliers. A numerical example composed of 30 suppliers and 6 criteria is studied, and the experimental results show that the proposed evaluation framework is suitable for supplier selection decisions even with the dependent criteria/attributes. 相似文献
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One of the strategic activities of a firm is supplier segmentation, whereby a firm creates groups of suppliers to handle them differently. Existing literature provides several typologies of suppliers, each of which uses different dimensions/variables. In this paper, different typologies are combined by distinguishing two overarching dimensions, the capabilities and the willingness of suppliers to cooperate with a particular firm. These dimensions cover almost all the existing supplier segmentation criteria mentioned in existing literature. For each particular situation, these dimensions can be specified using a multi-criteria decision-making method. A methodology is proposed that includes a fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) which uses fuzzy preference relations to incorporate the ambiguities and uncertainties that usually exist in human judgment. The proposed methodology is used to segment the suppliers of a broiler company. The result is a segmentation of suppliers based on two aggregated dimensions. Finally some strategies to handle different segments are discussed and concluding remarks and suggestions for future research are provided. 相似文献
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当决策者在给出语言评价信息而表示出犹豫时,决策信息更适合用犹豫模糊语言术语集表达。为了减少语言决策过程中信息的丢失,得到较精准的评价结果,本文提出基于二元语义的犹豫模糊语言决策方法。首先定义了犹豫模糊二元语义集、犹豫模糊二元语义集的均值函数、方差函数及其集结算子,然后用集结算子求出各方案的综合评价值,通过犹豫模糊二元语义的均值函数和方差函数确定方案排序。最后通过实例说明了该方法的实用性和有效性。 相似文献
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Ken Funk 《Annals of Operations Research》1988,12(1):285-296
To perform tactical situation assessment effectively, a system must be capable of performing tactical information integration, interpretation, and threat evaluation. This paper describes a prototype system for naval surface warfare which incorporates a human operator for integration, an artificial intelligence-based subsystem for interpretation, and an operations research-based system for evaluation. The system provides the operator with an interactive environment for displaying and managing tactical information and tools for interpreting and evaluating it.The opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author, are not official, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Navy Department. 相似文献