透平机械内部三维可压缩Navier-Stokes方程的流面方法和维数分裂算法

在这篇文章中,运用经典的张量分析方法,把流动区域用-个二维流形序列分割成一系列流层之并,推得在流层内半测地坐标之下的Navier-Stokes方程,在流形的法线方向应用向后Euler差分,推导了两维流形上的可压缩Navier-Stokes方程,和流函数满足的方程.在这个基础上,提出了一种维数分裂法的新算法.这种方法不同于区域分解法.对于三维问题,在区域分解法中我们必须在每个子区域上仍解三维问题,但是在这种新方法中,只需要在每个子区域上求解二维问题,不过是几个二维流形上的NS方程.文中还给出了-个透平机械内部流动的数值计算实例.     

二维流面上的流动问题的速度图方法

对于一些特殊的流动,尤其是平面上的位势流动,速度图方法有其显著的优点．对于理想流体来说,流面总是存在的,在流面上,流动的速度向量总是在其切空间里．通过引入流函数和势函数,采用张量分析作为工具,给出了二维曲流面上位势流动的速度图方法,得到了流函数满足的速度图方程,为一些特殊的流动问题提供了一类分析方法．并且,对于得到的二维速度图方程,得到了相应的特征方程和特征根,从而可以对方程的类型进行分类．最后,给出了一些特殊流动的实例．     

剪切流中表面重力波的四阶Zakharov方程及其应用

当二维剪切流沿垂向线性变化时,剪切流中的二维重力波仍满足无旋条件.本文首先推导了线性剪切流中二维表面重力波的三阶和四阶Zakharov方程,它也适用于无剪切流的三维重力表面波场.用Zakharov方程研究了剪切流中波列的第一类不稳定性问题,给出了不稳定判别式,详细讨论了剪切流对不稳定区域和增长率的影响,得到了由于流的存在而出现的新的不稳定区.     

拟流函数法——叶轮机械内三维流动分析问题和设计问题的一种求解方法

本文从动量方程的特点出发并满足连续方程,引入了两个拟流函数.每个拟流函数的主方程均只包含其自身的二阶偏导数,而不包含另一个拟流函数的二阶偏导数.这样,完全的三维解便可通过两个拟流函数主方程的分别单独求解和它们之间的相互迭代来获得.文中给出了在任意非正交坐标系中拟流函数的主方程和相应的边界条件.对叶轮机械内部三维气动分析问题和设计问题的求解进行了讨论和计算,并与解析解、其他数值解法做了比较.结果表明:这种拟流函数方法计算准确而简便,易于得到收敛结果,是求解三维无粘流动的好方法.     

一个综合植被地表径流与饱和地下水流之间相互作用的数值模型

构建一个综合的数值模型,用来处理植被地表径流与饱和地下水流之间的相互作用问题.综合了早先提出的准三维植被地表径流模型,与二维饱和地下水流模型建立起该数值模型.植被地表水流模型被构建为,二维浅水方程(SWE)显式的有限体积解,耦合了Navier-Stokes方程(NSE)隐式的有限差分解,得到了竖向速度的分布.地下水流模型是以二维饱和地下水流方程(SGE)显式的有限体积解为基础构建.通过在连续方程中引入源-汇项,达到植被地表径流和地下水流之间的相互作用.单一的规则将2个解紧密地耦合在一起.最后,应用4个案例来验证本综合模型,结果是令人满意的.     

样条函数空间的维数级数和基函数

本文考虑多元样条函数维数级数和基函数的计算．文［２］，［３］中，讨论了通过ｄ－１维面上的光滑连接条件，用Ｇｒ?ｂｎｅｒ基方法计算多元样条函数的维数级数和基函数．事实上，样条函数的结构可由ｄ－２维面上协调方程决定．本文通过构造合冲序列及Ｇｒ?ｂｎｅｒ基的性质，推导协调矩阵与维数级数的关系，给出了由协调矩阵的核空间计算样条函数基函数的方法．     

Fermat原理及稳态光束传输的微分几何研究

从Fermat原理出发,并视之为三维Riemann流形的不变元,从而得出了这种几何的度规张量,并在此基础上得到了它所决定的光波动方程和守恒流方程,同时提出了广义折射率的概念并推出了“准程函”方程,最后给出了一些应用的例子,并对自聚焦等非线性自作用以及无衍射发散光束问题进行了讨论.     

简化Navier-Stokes方程的层次结构及其力学内涵和应用

本文在文献[1]的基础上,按照流场中长度尺度分布,惯性项与粘性项相对大小及数量级简化基本方程和划分流动区域的原则,给出:(1)可压缩绕球粘性流和射流的简化Navier-Stokes(NS)方程的层次结构和诸简化NS方程(SNSE),表明从边界层方程到NS方程和从Euler方程到NS方程的层次结构均包含十多种SNSE,但就SNSE的数学特征而言证明只有椭圆型,扩散抛物化和抛物型三类;(2)扩散抛物化方程(DPE)的数学特征与Euler方程一致,力学上表示扰动通过“压力梯度项”向上游传播,高阶扩散项“规定的”椭圆型下游效应可以忽略,故判断诸DPE优劣的标准应看能否准确计算压力场。(3)提出粘性流的多层结构模型,对绕固壁附近的流动为三层,即粘性层、过渡层和无粘层,给出了分层的准则;适用于三层的最简单和最重要的SNSE分别为边界层方程、诸层匹配(LsM)-SNSE和Euler方程;LsM-SNSE同时适用于三层、即适用于全流场,并可准确计算压力场。LsM-SNSE把两层、即内外层匹配SNSE推广为多层。(4)对平板绕流,给出附着流及分离流的新的三层结构,阐明了附着流三层向分离流三层过渡的力学特征。     

方程△g-aKg=0无正函数解的充分条件

Fischer-Colbrie和Schoen曾在1980年研究过复平面中单位圆盘当赋予某个完备度量时,方程Δg-aKg=0在其上无正函数解的充分条件,并将其结果应用到三维非负数量曲率流形中完备稳定的极小曲面上.这里Δ是Laplace算子,K为高斯曲率,a是常数,g是所讨论的单位圆盘上的函数.本文给出了此方程在该圆盘上无正函数解的一个更弱的充分条件.     

多值半流理论及其在三维Navier-Stokes方程中的应用

利用多值半流方法研究三维有界区域上Navier-Stokes方程的全局吸引子,证得了多值半流的一些性质,并将这些性质应用于三维Navier-Stokes方程,得出了弱解的几种全局吸引子.从而表明在三维情形,通过多值半流来研究Navier-Stokes方程的全局吸引子是可行的.     

NONLINEAR GALERKIN METHOD FOR NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS WITH STREAM-VORTICITY FORM

I Let D be a launder domain in Rz with Lipehitz continuous bodare I'. ac consider the stream-vortidty form of hmedependent Navier-stokes Muahons describing the 'flow Of a ~ incompreSSible nuid confined in Dwhere to and & are vorticity and stream function. BecaUSe the action (1) doeS not include the differentialten z, ~ tie ~ con&tion of' dab at In tthe Paper, we give a ho element n~ Galerkin ~, acs ~ is ~ an tab finite element spaceS X. and X* for the aPPmxhaation of the ~ ac v~ fUncti…     

A two-grid algorithm based on Newton iteration for the stream function form of the Navier-Stokes equations

In this paper, we propose a two-grid algorithm for solving the stream function formulation of the stationary Navier-Stokes equations. The algorithm is constructed by reducing the original system to one small, nonlinear system on the coarse mesh space and two similar linear systems (with same stiffness matrix but different right-hand side) on the fine mesh space. The convergence analysis and error estimation of the algorithm are given for the case of conforming elements. Furthermore, the algorithm produces a numerical solution with the optimal asymptotic H ²-error. Finally, we give a numerical illustration to demonstrate the effectiveness of the two-grid algorithm for solving the Navier-Stokes equations.     

Numerical solution of unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations using high-order method of lines

A high-order method of lines is devised for solving the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in the vorticity-stream function formulation. The vorticity transport equation is solved by the eight- or tenth-order method of lines and the Poisson equation for the stream function is solved by a high-order multigrid method. The numerical results of the two-dimensional (2D) homogeneous isotropic turbulence and the turbulent mixing layer are presented. In the homogeneous isotropic turbulence with tenth order of spatial accuracy, the power law of the inertial energy spectrum at the climax stage coincides with the predictions by Batchelor, Leith and Kraichnan. In the turbulent mixing layer with eight order of spatial accuracy, the vortex pairing are reproduced and the coherent structure of the Reynolds stress at the pairing is noticed.     

复杂边界旋转Navier-Stokes方程的几何方法及二度并行算法

本文提出了一种求解复杂边界旋转Navier-Stokes方程的微分几何方法及其二度并行算法.此方法可用于求解透平机械内部叶片间流动和飞行器外部绕流等复杂流动问题.假设流动区域可以用一系列光滑曲面■_k,k=1,2,…,K分割为一系列子区域(称作流层),通过应用微分几何的方法,三维N-S算子可以分解为两类算子之和:建立在曲面■_k切空间上"膜算子"和曲面■_k法线方向的"挠曲算子",将挠曲算子应用欧拉中心差商来逼近,由此得到建立在■_k上的"2D-3C"N-S方程.求解2D-3C N-S方程并且反复迭代直到收敛.我们得到"二度并行算法",它是2D-3C N-S方程并行算法与k方向的同时并行.这个算法的优点在于,(1)可以改进由于复杂边界造成的不规则三维网格引起的逼近解的精度;(2)为克服边界层的数值效应,在边界层内可以构造很密的流层,形成三维多尺度的网格,是一个很好的边界层算法;(3)这个方法不同于经典的区域分解算法,这里的每个子区域只需要求解一个"2D-3C"N-S方程,而经典区域分解方法要在每个子区域上求解三维问题.     

谱绝对值均匀的前馈流密码的线性复杂度的稳定性研究

本文提出了一种前馈流密码纵向信息泄漏的收集方法，并在此基础上深入地研究了上人有谱绝对值均匀质非线性滤波函数的前馈密码的线性得和杂度稳定性问题。     

Eulerian limit for 2D Navier-Stokes equation and damped/driven KdV equation as its model

We discuss the inviscid limits for the randomly forced 2D Navier-Stokes equation (NSE) and the damped/driven KdV equation. The former describes the space-periodic 2D turbulence in terms of a special class of solutions for the free Euler equation, and we view the latter as its model. We review and revise recent results on the inviscid limit for the perturbed KdV and use them to suggest a setup which could be used to make a next step in the study of the inviscid limit of 2D NSE. The proposed approach is based on an ergodic hypothesis for the flow of the 2D Euler equation on iso-integral surfaces. It invokes a Whitham equation for the 2D Navier-Stokes equation, written in terms of the ergodic measures.     

Eulerian limit for 2D Navier-Stokes equation and damped/driven KdV equation as its model

We discuss the inviscid limits for the randomly forced 2D Navier-Stokes equation (NSE) and the damped/driven KdV equation. The former describes the space-periodic 2D turbulence in terms of a special class of solutions for the free Euler equation, and we view the latter as its model. We review and revise recent results on the inviscid limit for the perturbed KdV and use them to suggest a setup which could be used to make a next step in the study of the inviscid limit of 2D NSE. The proposed approach is based on an ergodic hypothesis for the flow of the 2D Euler equation on iso-integral surfaces. It invokes a Whitham equation for the 2D Navier-Stokes equation, written in terms of the ergodic measures. Dedicated to Vladimir Igorevich Arnold on his 70th birthday     

On global attractors of the 3D Navier-Stokes equations

In view of the possibility that the 3D Navier-Stokes equations (NSE) might not always have regular solutions, we introduce an abstract framework for studying the asymptotic behavior of multi-valued dissipative evolutionary systems with respect to two topologies—weak and strong. Each such system possesses a global attractor in the weak topology, but not necessarily in the strong. In case the latter exists and is weakly closed, it coincides with the weak global attractor. We give a sufficient condition for the existence of the strong global attractor, which is verified for the 3D NSE when all solutions on the weak global attractor are strongly continuous. We also introduce and study a two-parameter family of models for the Navier-Stokes equations, with similar properties and open problems. These models always possess weak global attractors, but on some of them every solution blows up (in a norm stronger than the standard energy one) in finite time.     

Enforcing energy, helicity and strong mass conservation in finite element computations for incompressible Navier-Stokes simulations

We study a finite element scheme for the 3D Navier-Stokes equations (NSE) that globally conserves energy and helicity and, through the use of Scott-Vogelius elements, enforces pointwise the solenoidal constraints for velocity and vorticity. A complete numerical analysis is given, including proofs for conservation laws, unconditional stability and optimal convergence. We also show the method can be efficiently computed by exploiting a connection between this method, its associated penalty method, and the method arising from using grad-div stabilized Taylor-Hood elements. Finally, we give numerical examples which verify the theory and demonstrate the effectiveness of the scheme.     

Vanishing viscosity limit for a coupled Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn system

In this paper, we study the vanishing viscosity limit for a coupled Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn system in a bounded domain. We first show the local existence of smooth solutions of the Euler/Allen-Cahn equations by modified Galerkin method. Then using the boundary layer function to deal with the mismatch of the boundary conditions between Navier-Stokes and Euler equations, and assuming that the energy dissipation for Navier-Stokes equation in the boundary layer goes to zero as the viscosity tends to zero, we prove that the solutions of the Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn system converge to that of the Euler/Allen-Cahn system in a proper small time interval. In addition, for strong solutions of the Navier-Stokes/Allen-Cahn system in 2D, the convergence rate is cν1/2.