Convexity of Nonlinear Image of a Small Ball with Applications to Optimization

Let f: XY be a nonlinear differentiable map, X,Y are Hilbert spaces, B(a,r) is a ball in X with a center a and radius r. Suppose f (x) is Lipschitz in B(a,r) with Lipschitz constant L and f (a) is a surjection: f (a)X=Y; this implies the existence of >0 such that f (a)^* yy, yY. Then, if r,/(2L), the image F=f(B(a,)) of the ball B(a,) is convex. This result has numerous applications in optimization and control. First, duality theory holds for nonconvex mathematical programming problems with extra constraint x–a. Special effective algorithms for such optimization problems can be constructed as well. Second, the reachability set for small power control is convex. This leads to various results in optimal control.     

Weak solutions of the Stokes problem in weighted Sobolev spaces

For n2 we consider the Stokes problem in ⁿ, -u + p=f, -divu=g, in weighted Soboiev spaces H ₆ ^m,r , where the weights are proportional to (1+|x|). We prove the existence of weak solutions for any K, whereK is a discrete set of critical values. Furthermore, we characterize the solutions of the homogeneous problem.This research was supported by the DFG research group Equations of Hydrodynamics, Universities of Bayreuth and Paderborn.     

On convergence and summability of Fourier series

. , , –1<<0. .

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The present work was written on the basis of two earlier works received byAnalysis Mathematica on January 16, 1979, and July 20, 1979.     

Asymptotic stability at infinity of planar vector fields

Let >0 andX be aC ¹ vector field on the plane such that: (i) for allq², Det(DX(q))>0; and (ii) for allp², with p, Trace(D(X(p))<0. IfX has a singularity and ² Trace(DX)dxdy is less than 0 (resp. greater or equal than 0), then the point at infinity of the Riemann sphere ²{} is a repellor (resp. an attractor) ofX.     

Sharp Large Deviation Estimates for the Stochastic Heat Equation

We consider the family {X , 0} of solution to the heat equation on [0,T]×[0,1] perturbed by a small space-time white noise, that is _t X = X +b({X })+({X }) . Then, for a large class of Borelian subsets of the continuous functions on [0,T]×[0,1], we get an asymptotic expansion of P({X }A) as 0. This kind of expansion has been handled for several stochastic systems, ranging from Wiener integrals to diffusion processes.     

Der Beweis eines Satzes von G. Choodnovsky

1. If is a weakly compact cardinal then ( ⁺)( ). 2. If is measurable andU a normal ultrafilter then ( ⁺)(U ).

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Diese Arbeit ist ein Teil der Dissertation des Autors. Teilweise gefördert von der DFG.     

Singular perturbations in foliations

Summary We define a constraint system , [0,₀), which is a kind of family of vector fields on a manifold. This is a generalized version of the family of the equations , [0,₀),x ^m ,y ⁿ . Finally, we prove a singular perturbation theorem for the system , [0,₀).Dedicated to Professor Kenichi Shiraiwa on his 60th birthday     

On the existence of multiple solutions of nonhomogeneous elliptic equations involving critical Sobolev exponents

Letp=2N/(N –2),N 3 be the limiting Sobolev exponent and ^N a bounded smooth domain. We show that for H ^–1(),f satisfies some conditions then–u=c ₁ u ^p–1 +f(x,u) + admits at least two positive solutions.     

Converse theorems for multidimensional Kantorovich operators

L _p [0, l]. . . - .

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Supported by National Science Foundation, Zhejiang Provincial Science Foundation of China, and Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany.     

Orthogonality and additivity modulo a subgroup

Summary LetE be a real inner product space of dimension at least 2,F a topological Abelian group, andK a discrete subgroup ofF. Assume also thatF is continuously divisible by 2 (that is, the functionu 2u is a homeomorphism ofF ontoF). Iff: E F fulfils the conditionf(x + y) – f(x) – f(y) K for all orthogonalx, y E and is continuous at the origin then there exist continuous additive functionsa: R F andA: E F such thatf(x) – a(x ²)– A(x) K for everyx E. Dedicated to the memory of Alexander M. Ostrowski on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth.     

Central Limit Theorem for a Class of Nonhomogeneous Random Walks

A spatially nonhomogeneous random walk _t on the grid =^m X ⁿ is considered. Let _t ⁰ be a random walk homogeneous in time and space, and let _t be obtained from it by changing transition probabilities on the set A= X ⁿ, || < , so that the walk remains homogeneous only with respect to the subgroup ⁿ of the group . It is shown that if >m 2 or the drift is distinct from zero, then the central limit theorem holds for _t.     

On the uniform (C, 1)-summability of Fourier series and integrability of series with respect to multiplicative orthonormal systems

H (G), f(g)H (G) , (, 1)- OHMC G. , OHMC, A. H. . , . , OHMC, lim supp _n=, , ,n .. . , 117 234 . . -      

Interpolation of generalized analytical functions of complex variable

A general approach is proposed to the interpolation of x -analytical functions of a complex variable with an arbitrary –,+[Basis x -analytical functions whose imaginary pan is a polynomial in x, and y are obtained in explicit form.Translated from Vychislitel'naya i Prikladnaya Matematika, No. 58, pp. 3–9, 1986.     

Extensions and selections in subspaces ofC(K)

LetK be a compact Hausdorff space and letFK be a peak interpolation set for a function algebraAC(K). Let be a map fromK to the family of all convex subsets of such that the set {(z, x)zK, x(z)} is open inK×C and such thatg(z)(z) (zK) for somegA. We prove that everyfC(F) satisfyingf(s)(s) (sF) (f(s)closure (s) (sF)) admits an extensionfAA} satisfyingf(z)(z) (zK) (f(z))}closure (z) (zK), respectively). We prove a more general theorem of this kind and present various applications which generalize known dominated interpolation theorems for subspaces ofC(K).     

Eulerian numbers with fractional order parameters

Summary The aim of this paper is to generalize the well-known Eulerian numbers, defined by the recursion relationE(n, k) = (k + 1)E(n – 1, k) + (n – k)E(n – 1, k – 1), to the case thatn is replaced by . It is shown that these Eulerian functionsE(, k), which can also be defined in terms of a generating function, can be represented as a certain sum, as a determinant, or as a fractional Weyl integral. TheE(, k) satisfy recursion formulae, they are monotone ink and, as functions of , are arbitrarily often differentiable. Further, connections with the fractional Stirling numbers of second kind, theS(, k), > 0, introduced by the authors (1989), are discussed. Finally, a certain counterpart of the famous Worpitzky formula is given; it is essentially an approximation ofx in terms of a sum involving theE(, k) and a hypergeometric function.Dedicated to the memory of Alexander M. Ostrowski on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of his birth.     

C 1 changes of variable: Beurling-Helson type theorem and Hörmander conjecture on Fourier multipliers

We prove that if aC ¹ smooth change of variable : generates a bounded composition operatorff° in the spaceA _p()=L ^p ,p2, then is linear (affine).We also prove that for a nonlinearC ¹ mapping , the norms of exponentialse ⁱ as Fourier multipliers inL ^p () tend to infinity (,||). In both results the condition C ¹ is sharp, it cannot be replaced by the Lipschitz condition.     

An embedding theorem for a limiting exponent

We consider the function space B _p ^l () of functionsf(x), defined on the domain of a certain class and characterized by specific differential-difference properties in L_p(). We prove a theorem on the embedding B _p,q ^l () L_q in the case whenl=n/p –n/q >0 and its generalization for vectorl, p, q.Translated from Matematicheski Zametki, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 129–138, August, 1969.     

On the strongly spherical Sasakian metric of a spherical tangent bundle

Let Mⁿ denote an n-dimensional Riemannian manifold. Its metric is called -strongly spherical if at every point Q Mⁿ there exists a -dimensional subspace _Q T_QMⁿ such that the curvature operator of the metric of Mⁿ satisfies R(X, Y) Z = k(< Y, Z > X < X, Z > Y), where k = const > 0, Y _Q , X, Z #x2208; T_QMⁿ. The number is called the index of sphericity and k the exponent of sphericity. The following theorems are proved in the paper.THEOREM 1. Let the Sasakian metric of T₁Mⁿ be -strongly spherical with exponent of sphericity k. The following assertions hold: a) = 1 if and only if M² has constant Gaussian curvature K 1 and k = K²/4; b) = 3 if and only if M² has constant curvature K = 1 and k = 1/4; c) = 0, otherwise.THEOREM 2. Let the Sasakian metric of T₁Mⁿ (n Mⁿ) be -strongly spherical with exponent of sphericity k. If k > 1/3 and k 1, then = 0. Let us denote by (Mⁿ, K) a space of constant curvatureK. THEOREM 3. Let the Sasakian metric of T₁(Mⁿ, K) (n 3) be -strongly spherical with exponent of sphericity k. The following assertions hold: a) = 1 if and only if K = 1/4; b) = 0, otherwise. In dimension n = 3 Theorem 2 is true for k {1/4, 1}.Translated from Ukrainskii Geometricheskii Sbornik, No. 35, pp. 150–159, 1992.     

Rates of convergence and optimal spectral bandwidth for long range dependence

Summary For a realization of lengthn from a covariance stationary discrete time process with spectral density which behaves like ^1–2H as 0+ for 1/2<H<1 (apart from a slowly varying factor which may be of unknown form), we consider a discrete average of the periodogram across the frequencies 2j/n,j=1,..., m, wherem andm/n0 asn. We study the rate of convergence of an analogue of the mean squared error of smooth spectral density estimates, and deduce an optimal choice ofm.