Primary to secondary sphere coordination of 15-crown-5 to lanthanide(III) chlorides: structural analysis of [MCl3(15-crown-5)] (M=La,Ce) and [Er(OH2)8]Cl3·15-crown-5

Complexes of LaCl₃·7H₂O and CeCl₃·7H₂O directly coordinated to 15-crown-5 were prepared by placing the reactants in 31 CH₃CNCH₃OH on opposite sides of a fine porosity glass frit in a U-shaped cell and passing a 10 A current through the cell. The crystal structures of the two anhydrous 8-coordinate complexes, [MCl₃(15-crown-5)] (M=La, Ce) have been determined. Each contains the lanthanide in a bicapped trigonal prismatic geometry. The two complexes are isostructural crystallizing in the monoclinic space groupP2₁/c with (at 20°C) for M=La:a=8.217(8),b=14.298(2),c=14.341(9) Å, =104.79(8)°, andD _calc=1.90 g cm^–3 forZ=4; for M=Ce:a=8.208(9),b=14.263(6),c=14.270(8) Å, =104.74(7)°, andD _calc=1.92 g cm^–3 forZ=4. Direct reaction of ErCl₃·6H₂O with 15-crown-5 in 31 CH₃CNCH₃OH resulted in the crystallization of the second sphere hydrogen bonded complex [Er(OH₂)₈]Cl₃·15-crown-5. This complex is monoclinic,P2₁/n with (at 18°C)a=9.193(3),b=17.235(9),c=15.216(5) Å, =92.48(3)°, andD _calc=1.76 g cm^–3 forZ=4. The Er³⁺ ion is dodecahedral.     

Structure of [La(NO3)3(OH2)2(OHMe)(bipy)]·15-crown-5

[La(NO₃)₃(OH₂)₂(OHMe)(bipy)·15-crown-5 is monoclinic,P2_t/n, witha=11.239(6),b=19.302(7),c=14.458(8) , =92.47(5)°, andD _calc=1.63 g cm^–3 forZ=4. In the complex, two nitrogen atoms (from bipy) and nine oxygen atoms (six from three bidentate nitrate anions, two from water molecules, and one from a methanol molecule) coordinate to the La(III) ion forming a coordination polyhedron which approximates a skewed trigonal prism with an interpenetrating pentagon. The coordinated methanol and water molecules donate hydrogen bonds to the oxygen atoms of the crown ether forming polymeric hydrogen bonded chains which propagate along theac diagonal in the unit cell.     

The crystal structure and supramolecular chain of [La(NO3)3(OH2)2(phen)] ⊙ 15-crown-5

[La(NO₃)₃(OH₂)₂(phen)] · 15-crown-5 is hexagonal,P6₅, witha=10.955(2),c=43.769(9), andD _calc =1.668 g cm^–3 for Z=6. In the complex, two nitrogen atoms (from phen) and eight oxygen atoms (six from three bidentate nitrate anions and two from water molecules) are coordinated to the central La(III) ion, forming a coordination polyhedron which is approximately a bicapped square antiprism. The coordinated water molecules donate hydrogen bonds to the oxygen atoms of the crown ether, forming polymeric hydrogen bonded chains which wrap helically along the unit cell directionc.     

Synthesis and structure of (H2O·HBF4)2(18-crown-6)

The title compound has been prepared by the addition of fluoroboric acid to 18-crown-6 in toluene. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group P¯1 witha=7.341(2),b=8.364(2),c=10.631(3)Å,=71.48(2),=67.91(2), =67.94(2)°, andD _c =1.44 g cm^–3 forZ=1. The final conventionalR value was 0.079 based on 1575 observed reflections. The molecule resides on a center of inversion. The (H₂O·HBF₄) moieties are best viewed as fluoroboric acid monohydrate molecules hydrogen bonded to the crown ether, one above and one below the plane of the crown. The FO(water) hydrogen bond separation is 2.474(5)Å, and the O(crown)O(water) separations are 2.834(5) and 2.841(6) Å. The oxygen atoms of the crown ether are planar to 0.23 Å.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of [Y(NO3)3(OH2)3]·(Me2-16-crown-5)·H2O

The complex [Y(NO₃)₃(OH₂)₃]·(Me₂-16-crown-5)·H₂O has been prepared and its crystal and molecular structure determined using single crystal X-ray diffraction. The colorless crystals belong to the monoclinic space group P2₁/n with Z = 4. Lattice parameters are a = 10.420(1), b = 17.257(3), c = 14.646(2) Å, = 96.79(1)°, V = 2615.1(6) ų. The yttrium(III) ion is nine-coordinate, bonded to three bidentate nitrate groups and three water molecules. The average Y–O(nitrate) and Y–O(water) distances are 2.42(3) and 2.33(1) Å, respectively. The average HO–H···O hydrogen bonded separation is 2.767Å.     

Crystal and molecular structure of [H3O·18-crown-6]2-[ReCl6] isolated from a liquid clathrate medium

The crystal and molecular structure of [H₃O·18-crown-6]₂[ReCl₆]1 is reported. Crystal data for1: trigonal, space group R ,a=13.857(2) Å,c=10.154(2) Å,D _c =2.85 g/cm³,Z=3,R _f =0.073,R _w =0.064. The oxonium ion is observed to be crystallographically disordered lying 0.37 Å on both sides of the plane defined by the crown ether oxygen atoms. The anion resides on a crystallographic position forming a slightly distorted octahedron.     

f-Element/crown ether complexes. 20. Synthesis and structure of [Y(NO3)3(OH2)3]·1.5(15-crown-5)·Me2O

The title complex was prepared by the addition of 15-crown-5, dissolved in acetone, to a solution of Y(NO₃)₃·nH₂O in the same solvent. The crystal structure of this complex, determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction using counter methods, was carried out on a crystal grown by slow evaporation of the reaction mixture at room temperature. [Y(NO₃)₃(OH₂)₃]·1.5(15-crown-5) Me₂CO crystallizes in the acentric space group, P2₁, with unit cell dataa=15.900(5),b=16.530(6),c=11.821(5) Å,=92.12(3)°,D _calc=1.53 g cm^–3 forZ=4. Each unit cell consists of two dimers of the formula unit. One crown molecule bridges two [Y(NO₃)₃(OH₂)₃] units via hydrogen bonding with one water molecule of each. The two remaining water molecules per metal moiety form three hydrogen bonds to another 15-crown-5 molecule and one to an acetone molecule. The average bonding parameters in the nine-coordinate metal complexes are Y-O(NO₃)=2.43(4) Å and Y-O(OH₂)=2.34(5) Å.For Part 19 see Rogers, 1987.     

Crystal structure of [Yb(L(NO3)2(H2O)2](NO3), L = bromo-N,N,N′,N′-tetraethylmalonamide

[Yb(L(NO₃)₂(H₂O)₂](NO₃), L = bromo-N,N,N,N-tetraethylmalonamide crystallizes in the triclinic spacegroup P-1 with cell dimensions a = 9.030(9), b = 12.036(12), c = 12.392(13) Å, = 84.52(1), = 77.58(1), = 67.21(1)° , d_calc = 1.935 g cm^-3 for Z = 2. The ytterbium atom in the complex cation is nine-coordinate being bonded to two oxygen atoms from the malonamide ligand, two nitrate anions, and three water molecules.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of (CN3H6)2[UO2(OH)2(NCS)]NO3 and β-Cs3[UO2(NCS)5]

Compounds (CN₃H₆)₂[UO₂(OH)₂(NCS)]NO₃ (I) and β-Cs₃[UO₂(NCS)₅] (II) are synthesized and studied by IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. I and II crystallize in the orthorhombic system. For I, a = 12.2015(13) Å, b = 7.3295(8) Å, c = 16.310(2) Å, space group Pnma, Z = 4, and R = 0.0327; for II, a = 21.7891(6) Å, b = 13.5120(3) Å, c = 6.8522(2) Å, space group Pnma, Z = 4, and R = 0.0268. In structure I, complex groups form infinite chains [UO₂(OH)₂(NCS)] _n ^n? belonging to the AM ₂ ² M ¹ crystal chemical group of uranyl complexes (A = UO ₂ ²⁺ , M ² = OH^?, and M ¹ = NCS^?). The main structural elements of crystals II are mononuclear [UO₂(NCS)₅]^3? groups belonging to the AM ₅ ¹ group of uranyl complexes (A = UO ₂ ²⁺ and M ¹ = NCS^?). In I and II, uranium-containing complexes are connected with outer-sphere cations by electrostatic interactions, and in I a system of hydrogen bonds also contributes to their binding. Specific features of the packing of complex [UO₂(NCS)₅]^3? groups in the structures of two modifications of Cs₃[UO₂(NCS)₅] are discussed.     

Synthesis and X-ray structures of [H3O+·18-crown-6] n [MCl 4 n− ]; (M=Fe,n=1;M=Co,n=2); compounds which form liquid clathrates with aromatic solutions

The title compounds, [H₃O⁺·18-crown-6][FeCl ₄ ^– ] (1), and [H₃O⁺·18-crown-6]₂[CoCl ₄ ^2– ] (2), were prepared by air oxidation of Fe(CO)₅ for1, and Co₂(CO)₈ for2, in the presence of 18-crown-6, H₂O and HCl(g) in toluene. Liquid clathrates formed immediately for both species:1·4.3 C₇H₈ and2·3.7 C₇H₈.1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2₁ma witha=10.357(1),b=11.824(1),c=8.961(1) Å, andD _c=1.46 g cm^–3 forZ=2. Refinement based on 935 observed reflections led to a finalR value of 0.089.2 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c witha=16.225(1),b=11.522(1),c=20.136(1)Å, =97.75(2)^o, andD _c=1.37 g cm^–3 forZ=4. Refinement based on 1322 observed reflections led to a finalR value of 0.11.     

Influence of CH ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ O interactions on the structure of a pseudorotaxane based on an Hg(II) complex of 18-crown-6

The X-ray crystal structure of [Hg(NO₃)₂(18-crown-6)] (1) prepared from mercury(II) acetate and 18-crown-6 in nitric acid is reported. Crystals are monoclinic, space group P2₁/c with a = 8.3063(17) Å, b = 14.331(3) Å, c = 8.0030(16) Å, and = 99.528(3)°. In contrast to the usual perpendicular arrangement of the crown ether macrocycle mean plane and X–Hg–X in other Hg(II) crown ether complexes and related species, compound 1 shows a marked inclination as a result of a CH    O interactions.     

Complexes of 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane (4,13-diaza-18-crown-6) with 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic and 2,2′-dithiosalicylic acids

A 1:2:2 complex of 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane with 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid and water (1) and its 1:1:1.75 complex with 2,2-dithiosalicylic acid and water (2) have been obtained and characterized by x-ray diffraction. C₂₆H₄₀N₄O₁₄ (1), triclinic, , a = 9.574(1) Å, b = 9.632(1) Å, c = 9.723(1) Å, = 112.70(1)°, = 91.07(1)°, = 115.45(1)°, V = 728.35(13) ų, Z = 1. C₂₆H_39.5N₂O_9.75S₂ (2), M = 600.22, triclinic, , a = 10.492(1) Å, b = 10.945(1) Å, c = 14.535(2) Å, = 102.74(1)°, = 109.08(1)°, = 90.68(1)°, V = 1532.2(3) ų, Z = 2. In complex 1, both N-atoms of the macrocyclic ring are protonated. The following types of H-bonding have been found: (1) between protonated aza groups of the macrocycle and ionized carboxylic groups; (2) between the protonated aza groups and N-atoms of the pyridine nuclei (D–A distance slightly exceeds 3 Å); (3) between water molecules and C=O groups of the non-ionized carboxylic groups; and (4) between the nonionized and ionized groups of the carboxylic acid. The above interactions give rise to the formation of a developed supramolecular network in the crystals of 1. In complex 2, despite the presence of several types of hydrogen bonds involving the aza crown, 2,2-dithiosalicylic acid and water, the aromatic anions are H-bound only to the two other components, and not to each other. The H-bonds found in complex 2 are between (1) one of the protonated aza groups and water, (2) protonated aza groups and O-atoms of the ionized carboxylic groups, (3) water molecule and carboxylic O-atom, (4) water molecule and sulfur atom, and (5) water molecule and O-atom of diaza-18-crown-6.     

Crystal and molecular structures of the 4-(1H)-pyridone (=L) lanthanide complexes {[GdL(NO3)3(H2O)]·CH3OH}2 and [DyL4(NO3)2](NO3) and of L2HNO3

The crystal structures of the title compounds have been determined by single crystal diffraction methods. Crystals of the dysprosium compound are monoclinic, space groupP2₁/c witha=14.133(4),b=13.438(5),c=14.401 (4)Å,=103.98(2)°,V=2654(1)ų,Z=4,D _c =1.82 g cm^–3, finalR=0.035. The Dy atom is eight-coordinate with a distorted dodecahedral coordination geometry involving two bidentate nitrate groups and four pyridone oxygen atoms. An erbium complex with analogous stoichiometry was also prepared but not structurally characterized. Crystals of the Gd compound are monoclinic, space groupP2₁/n, witha=11.226(2),b=9.075(2),c=16.737(3)Å,=93.88(3)°,V=1701(1)ų,Z=2,D _c =1.91 g cm^–3, finalR=0.042. Each Gd atom is bonded to one pyridone oxygen atom, a water molecule and three bidentate nitrate groups. An oxygen atom of one of the bidentate nitrates additionally serves to bridge pairs of Gd atoms so as to form a dinuclear complex in which each Gd atom is nine-coordinate with a tricapped trigonal prismatic geometry. Crystals of L₂HNO₃ are monoclinic, space groupI2/a witha=12.479(4),b=6.535(2),c=14.297(6)Å,=96.07(3)°,V=1159(1)ų,Z=4,D _c =1.45 g cm^–3, finalR=0.057. The pyridones are linked in pairs by very short (2.44 Å) symmetrical OHO hydrogen bonds. Each pair is further linked via a nitrate ion by means of N-HO(nitrate)H-N hydrogen bonds, so as to form an extended chevron-like pyridone-pyridone-nitrate-pyridone-pyridone array. Adjacent chains are linked via weak C-HO(NO₃) interactions.     

Structure of the 1∶1∶1 complex between 1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane (18-crown-6), 2,3-dichlorophenol,and water

The structure of the title compound, C₁₂H₂₄O₆·C₆H₄OCl₂·H₂O, has been determined by X-ray diffraction methods. The crystals are monoclinic, space groupP2₁ witha=8.628(2),b=13.767(4),c=9.676(2), =96.38(2)°, andD _x =1.295 Mg m^–3 forZ=2; 2355 reflections were recorded on a CAD4 diffractometer using CuK radiation atT=243° K. The structure was solved usingMultan andShelx. The finalR value based on 1901 reflections is 0.071. The 18-crown-6 molecule has approximatelyD _3d symmetry. The host molecule (18-crown-6), the guest molecule (dichlorophenol), and water form a super-molecule. Binding between host and guest is effected by bridging water molecule: the water and dichlorophenol molecule are linked by a very strong hydrogen bond (OO=2.58 Å); weaker interactions exist between water and oxygens of the crown ether (OO distances 2.85 and 2.90 Å).     

Synthesis and structure of [Ca(triethyleneglycol)2](NO3)2·H2O

Crystallization of calcium nitrate from a toluene solution of triethyleneglycol (= 2,2-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]-bisethanol) resulted in the formation of the 1:2 solvate [Ca(triethyleneglycol)₂](NO₃)₂·H₂O. [Ca(C₆H₁₄O₄)₂](NO₃)₂·H₂O is monoclinic, P2₁/c, a = 15.775(1), b = 8.660(2), c = 16.342(1) Å, = 91.239(7)°, V = 2232.1(6) ų, Z = 4, and D _c = 1.429 g cm^–3. The eight-coordinate calcium has square antiprismatic geometry with two triethyleneglycol molecules straddling the metal center. The nitrate anions and water of crystallization are involved in hydrogen bonding with the alcoholic hydrogen atoms.     

Crystal structures of (η5-C5H4COMe)M(CO)3Me (M=Mo,W)

The crystal structures of ( ⁵-C₅H₄COMe)M(CO)₃Me (M=Mo,W) have been determined. They are not isostructural. M=Mo isP2₁/c,a=10.205(6),b=14.192(8),c=8.135(6) Å,=93.43(4)° andD(calc)=1.71 g cm^–3 forZ=4. M=WisP2₁/c,a=12.580(7),b=6.830(5),c=13.750(7) Å,=93.72(4)° andD(calc)=2.20 g cm^–3 forZ=4. Both have a four-legged piano stool geometry with the substituted carbon making the closest M-C( ⁵) approach. The methyl group in the M=W derivative is disordered between twotrans-ligand positions. The average bonding parameters for the more accurately determined Mo analog are: Mo-C()⁵)=2.34(3) Å, Mo-CO=1.98(2) Å, Mo-Me=2.304(4) Å.     

Structural characterization of a series of cyclohexaphosphates: M0.5((C6H5CH2)2NH2)5P6O18·H2O (M = Co, Cu, Cd)

Three new cyclohexaphosphates with general formula M_0.5((C₆H₅CH₂)₂NH₂)₅P₆O₁₈·H₂O (M=Co, Cu, Cd) are reported. They crystallize with monoclinic unit-cells and are isotropic. We have determined their structure from the salt M=Co. This later exhibits the following unit-cell parameters: a = 22.739(5), b = 17.682(3), c = 18.342(3) Å, = 91.22(1)°, Z = 4,P2₁/n, V = 7373 ų, and Dx = 1.373 g cm^–3. The atomic arrangement can be described as layers containing P₆O₁₈ ring anions and CoO₆ octahedra spreading in the (101) planes and intercalated by the dibenzylammonium groups and the water molecules. Synthesis and characterization by X-ray diffraction, IR absorption, and TA are described.     

The crystal structure analysis of iron nitroprusside,Fe[Fe(CN)5NO]·3H2O

The crystal structure of iron(II) pentacyanonitrosylferrate trihydrate has been determined from three dimensional, single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. Fe[Fe(CN)₅NO]·3H₂O crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2₁/n with lattice constants,a=7.205(1),b=14.641(2),c=10.680(1) Å,=91.14(1)° andZ=4,D _m =1.89(1) g cm^–3 andD _x =1.92 g cm^–3. Final full-matrix least-squares refinement of 1691 unique reflections yieldedR=0.024 andR _w =0.028. Both iron atomic centers have distorted octahedral symmetries. The cation iron center is coordinated by five cyanide ligands and one water molecule, while the second iron center is coordinated by five cyanide ligands and one nitrosyl group. Cyanide bridging links the metal centers. Two uncoordinated water molecules, O(2) and O(3), are hydrogen bonded to the coordinated water molecule, O(1), and occupy channels in the crystal lattice. Important mean bond distances for iron nitroprusside are: Fe(cation)-N=2.159(17), Fe-C=1.936(4) and C=N=1.144(6) Å. Other notable bond lengths include: Fe-O(1)=2.152(2), Fe-NO=1.669(2) and NO=1.131(3) Å. The distances between the coordinated water molecule and two uncoordinated water molecules are 2.855(3) and 2.740(3) Å.     

Crystal structure of the Λ-[4M] enantiomer of cis-diaqua-bis(1,3-dimethylpteridine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione-N5,O4) copper(II) perchlorate monohydrate

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies have been performed on the complex cis-diaqua-bis(1,3-dimethylpteridine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione-O⁴,N⁵) copper(II) perchlorate monohydrate, [Cu(DLM)₂(H₂O)₂](ClO₄)₂ · H₂O. This compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, P2₁2₁2₁ space group, Z = 4 with a = 8.749(1) Å, b = 14.213(1) Å, c = 21.200(2) Å, and V = 2636.2(4) ų. The metal ion is surrounded in octahedral geometry by two mutually quasi-perpendicular N5,O4-coordinated lumazine chelators with the O4 atoms trans and the N5 atoms cis. The polyhedron is completed by two cis-coordinated water molecules. The absolute configuration of the complex can be described, following Bailar's nomenclature, as the enantiomer of the stereoisomer 4M. A three-dimensional hydrogen-bond network is defined by water molecules, perchlorate anions, and the O2 of the pteridine A.     

Molecular and crystal structure of [NO2Py]2[Ni(mnt)2](NO2Py=1-(4-nitrobenzyl)pyridinium, mnt2−=maleonitriledithiolate)

The structure of [NO₂Py]₂[Ni(mnt)₂], as determined by x-ray single crystal analysis, consists of two 1-(4-nitrobenzyl)pyridinium cations and one [Ni(mnt)₂]^2– anion. The crystallographic data for the complex:monoclinic P2₁/n, a = 9.913(2) Å, b = 11.968(2) Å, c = 14.566(3) Å, = 100.36(3)°, V = 1699.9(6) ų, Z = 2. The [Ni(mnt)₂]^2– anion has a crystallographically imposed center of symmetry and exhibits a relatively planar structure. The cation, [NO₂Py]⁺, adopts a conformation where both the aromatic rings are twisted to the C11-C10-N3 reference plane. The anions (A) and the cations (C) consist of alternating layers (i.e., of type ···C₁A₁C₂A₂C₁A₁C₂···) along the c axis of the crystallographic unit cell.