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1.
A theoretical investigation at the density functional theory level (B3LYP) has been conducted to elucidate the impact of ligand basicity on the binding interactions between ethylene and copper(I) ions in [Cu(η 2-C2H4)]+ and a series of [Cu(L)(η 2-C2H4)]+ complexes, where L = substituted 1,10-phenanthroline ligands. Molecular orbital analysis shows that binding in [Cu(η 2-C2H4)]+ primarily involves interaction between the filled ethylene π-bonding orbital and the empty Cu(4s) and Cu(4p) orbitals, with less interaction observed between the low energy Cu(3d) orbitals and the empty ethylene π*-orbital. The presence of electron-donating ligands in the [Cu(L)(η 2-C2H4)]+ complexes destabilizes the predominantly Cu(3d)-character filled frontier orbital of the [Cu(L)]+ fragment, promoting better overlap with the vacant ethylene π*-orbital and increasing Cu → ethylene π-backbonding. Moreover, the energy of the filled [Cu(L)]+ frontier orbital and mixing with the ethylene π*-orbital increase with increasing pK a of the 1,10-phenanthroline ligand. Natural bond orbital analysis reveals an increase in Cu → ethylene electron donation with addition of ligands to [Cu(η 2-C2H4)]+ and an increase in backbonding with increasing ligand pK a in the [Cu(L)(η 2-C2H4)]+ complexes. Energy decomposition analysis (ALMO-EDA) calculations show that, while Cu → ethylene charge transfer (CT) increases with more basic ligands, ethylene → Cu CT and non-CT frozen density and polarization effects become less favorable, yielding little change in copper(I)–ethylene binding energy with ligand pK a. ALMO-EDA calculations on related [Cu(L)(NCCH3)]+ complexes and calculated free energy changes for the displacement of acetonitrile by ethylene reveal a direct correlation between increasing ligand pK a and the favorability of ethylene binding, consistent with experimental observations.  相似文献   

2.
Visible light irradiation of the [(η-C6H7)Fe(η-C6H6)]+ cation (1) in CH2Cl2 in the presence of alkyl-substituted benzenes results in arene exchange forming the [(η5-C6H7)Fe(η-C6R6)]+ cations (2a–d: C6R6 is toluene, p-xylene, mesitylene, and durene). The mixed bis(arene) [(η-C6H6)Fe(η-C6R6)]2+ iron complexes (3a–d) were synthesized by hydride ion abstraction from 2a–d by [Ph3C]+. Dedicated to Academician G. A. Abakumov on the occasion of his 70th birthday. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1864–1865, September, 2007.  相似文献   

3.
The ability of cyclopentadienyl type derivatives of corannulene C20H10 and fullereneI h -C60 to form η5-π-complexes and the problem of their existence is discussed. MNDO/PM3 calculations of half-sandwich complexes η5-π-MC20H15, η5-π-MC20H 15 + , η5-π-MC60H5, η5-π-MC60H5 and sandwich complexes 2η5-π-M(C20H15)2, 2η5-π-M(C20H15)2, 2η5-π-M(C60H5)2 (M=Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) were performed. For all systems studied, local minima were found on corresponding potential energy surfaces and the heats of formation, geometric parameters, and distributions of effective atomic charges were calculated. Sandwich complexes are most likely to exist with M=Si and Ge. The energy and geometric characteristics of η5-π-complexes of corannulene were compared with those of η5-π-complexes of fullereneI h -C60. It was concluded that the results of quantum-chemical calculations of sandwich type corannulene derivatives can be used for simulation of the geometry and electronic structure of analogous complexes of fullereneI h -C60. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1649–1656, September, 1999.  相似文献   

4.
The reduction behavior of the isoelectronic complexes [CpMIII6-C6R6)]2+ (M=Rh, Ir; R=H, Me) and [(η-9-SMe2-7,8-C2B9H10)MIII6-C6R6)]2+ (M=Rh, Ir; C6R6 = C6H6, C6H5OMe, C6H3Me3) has been studied by cyclic voltammetry and controlled potential coulometry in acetonitrile and propylene carbonate at 253 and 298 K, respectively. The extent of chemical reversibility of the pertinent sequences Rh(III)/Rh(II)/Rh(I) and Ir(III)/Ir(I) is highly dependent on both the nature of the solvent and the intrinsic electronic properties of the arene substituents. The arene η6 coordination makes the derivatives in their lower oxidation states notably short lived, even if, in some cases, the use of propylene carbonate improves their stability or causes the increase in their lifetimes before changing the arene coordination from η6 to η4. Cations [(η-9-SMe2-7,8-C2B9H10)M(η6-C6R6)]2+ were obtained by the bromide abstraction from [(η-9-SMe2-7,8-C2B9H10)MBr2]2 with Ag+ in the presence of benzene and its derivatives. The structure of [(η-9-SMe2-7,8-C2B9H10)Ir(η6-C6H5OMe)](BF4)2 was determined by X-ray diffraction.  相似文献   

5.
The visible light irradiation of the [(η5-C6H7)Fe(η-C6H6)]+ cation (1) in acetonitrile resulted in the substitution of the benzene ligand to form the labile acetonitrile species [(η5-C6H7)Fe(MeCN)3]+ (2). The reaction of 1 with ButNC in MeCN produced the stable isonitrile complex [(η5-C6H7)Fe(ButNC)3]+ (3). The photochemical reaction of cation 1 with pentaphosphaferrocene Cp*Fe(η-cyclo-P5) afforded the triple-decker cation with the bridging pentaphospholyl ligand, [(η5-C6H7)Fe(μ-η:η-cyclo-P5)FeCp*]+ (4). The latter complex was also synthesized by the reaction of cation 2 with Cp*Fe(η-cyclo-P5). The structure of the complex [3]PF6 was established by X-ray diffraction. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2088–2091, November, 2007.  相似文献   

6.
The problem of existence of η5-π-complexes of unsubstituted fullereneI h -C60 and its cyclopentadienyl type derivative C60H5 . is discussed.Ab initio MO LCAO SCF calculations of hypothetical sandwich systems η5-π-C60H5XCp (X=Fe (1a), Si (1b)), the cationic complex C60FeCp+ of unsubstituted C60, and the C60H5 . radical were performed in the STO-3G and 3-21G basis sets. In the1a, 1b, and C60H5 . systems, hydrogen atoms are attached to carbon atoms of fullerenei h -C60 at α-positions relative to the same pentagonal face (pent *). In η5-complexes, XCp species are also coordinated to this face. According to calculations in the 3-21G basis set, the Fe-pent * bond energy in complex1a is much higher than those of similar bonds in1b and in the η5-π-C60FECp+ cation (117 kcal mol−1 vs. 37 and 64 kcal mol−1, respectively) and is 7 kcal mol−1 higher than the Fe−Cp bond energy in the classical sandwich system FeCp2. The Fe…C pent* and Fe…CCp distances in complex1a are slightly shorter than the Fe…C distance in the ferrocene molecule. The spin populations in the C60H5 . radical are almost completely localized on the atoms of thepent * face, which must favor the formation of η5-π-complexes of this radical. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1657–1662, September, 1999.  相似文献   

7.
Dynamic effect on the fine structure of X-ray photoelectron spectra of lanthanide oxides and fluorides is discussed. The Ln4p electron spectra are considerably complicated by the interaction between the configurations of themain one-hole and additional two-hole final states of 4p54d54fn ↔ 4p64d8fn+1 type. The effect of the nature of atoms in the nearest environment of lanthanide ions on the fine structure parameters is evaluated. Translated fromZhurnal Struktumoi Khimii, Vol. 39, No. 6, pp. 1059–1066, November–December, 1998.  相似文献   

8.
The difurylphosphido-bridged dinuclear complex [Ru2(CO)6(μ-PFu2)(μ-η12-Fu)] (Fu = 2-furyl) 1 readily reacts with two equivalents of each of the terminal alkynes HC≡CR (R = Fc, p-C6H4Fc, p-C6H4NO2, Fc = Fe(η5-C5H5)(η5-C5H4)) by an interesting head-to-tail ynyl coupling with a furan group to form a series of phosphido-bridged diruthenium compounds containing a novel furyl-substituted C4 hydrocarbyl chain of stoichiometry [Ru2(CO)4(μ-PFu2){μ-η1123-RCC(H)C(R)C(H)Fu}] (R = Fc 2, p-C6H4Fc 3, p-C6H4NO2 4) in moderate to good yields. Reaction of 1 with an equimolar amount of HC≡CFc and HC≡C(p-C6H4NO2) afforded a pair of isomers of [Ru2(CO)4(μ-PFu2){μ-η1123-R1CC(H)C(R2)C(H)Fu}] (R1 = Fc, R2 = p-C6H4NO2 5a; R1 = p-C6H4NO2, R2 = Fc 5b) together with a small mixture of 4. X-ray crystal structures of 2, 3, 5a and 5b are reported. All of these new alkyne-derived dinuclear complexes are electron precise with 34 cluster valence electrons in which the μ-η12-furyl ligand acts as a three-electron donor and the μ-phosphido Ru2 framework is retained in the products upon alkyne coupling reactions. The resulting organic fragment of each complex is coordinated to the Ru atoms via a π, a π-allyl and two σ bonds, and donates seven electrons to the metal core. Dedicated to the memory of Professor F. Albert Cotton.  相似文献   

9.
Thirty-electron triple-decker complexes with a central pentaphospholyl ligand [(η-C5Me5)Fe(μ-η:η-P5)M(η-C5R5)]BF4 (M=Fe, R=Me or M=Ru, R=H, Me) were synthesized by a stacking reaction of cationic 12-electron fragments [(η-C5R5)M]+ with (η-C5Me5)Fe(η-P5). Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1625–1626, August, 1998.  相似文献   

10.
30-Electron triple-decker complexes [(η-C5H5)Fe(μ-η:η-C4Me4P)Fe(η-C5Me5)]PF6 and [(η-C4Me4)Co(μ-η:η-C4Me4P)Fe(η-C5Me5)]PF6 with a central tetramethylphospholyl ligand were synthesized by stacking reactions of cationic fragments [(η-C5H5)Fe]+ and [(η-C4Me4)Co]+ with nonamethylphosphaferrocene (η-C4Me4P)Fe(η-C5Me5). Published inIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1647–1649, September, 2000.  相似文献   

11.
The results of MNDO/PM3 calculations of η5-π-C60R5M complexes (R=H and Ph; M=Tl and In) are reported. Local energy minima and geometric parameters as well as the heats of formation and ionization potentials were determined for all systems in question. The nature of chemical M—pent bonding (pent is the pentagonal face) is discussed. The results of calculations are compared with experimental data that confirm our predictions about the possibility of existence of stable cyclopentadienyl type η5-π-complexes of C60 fullerence derivatives. The stability of the C60In12 complex with theI h symmetry, in which the In atoms are coordinated to each of 12 pentagonal faces of C60 fullerene, was estimated. The energy of the In—pent bond (62.4 kcal mol−1) is close to that in C60H5In (64.5 kcal mol−1). Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 1935–1940, November, 1997.  相似文献   

12.
A theoretical study of the structure, charge distribution, rotational barrier and fundamental vibrations of anhydrous betaine (CH3)3NCH2COO (trimethylglycine) was carried out and compared with available experimental data. Calculations were carried out at HF, MP2 and B3LYP levels using a 6-31+G(d,p) basis set. The calculated rotational barrier of the betaine carboxylic group is 40.5 kJ/mol at the MP4(SDQ)/6-311G(d,p)//HF/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory. The rotation of the carboxylic group changes the molecule from a highly symmetric (C s ) conformation into a twisted conformation resulting in shortening of the molecule by about 50 pm. Natural population analysis (NPA) indicates intramolecular interaction between the carboxylic oxygen and the nearest methyl hydrogens resulting in internal hydrogen bonding. MP4(SDQ)/6-311G(d,p) single-point NPA calculations on a betaine monohydrate model taken from the X-ray geometry show an expected weakening in the internal hydrogen bond. Calculations explain why betaine preferentially crystallizes in high local C s symmetry. Received: 24 March 1998 / Accepted: 3 September 1998 / Published online: 7 December 1998  相似文献   

13.
The photochemical reaction of [(η5-C6H7)Fe(η-C6H6)]+ (1) with the [(η-9-SMe2-7,8-C2B9H10)] anion followed by the treatment of the resulting ferracarborane (η-9-SMe2-7,8-C2B9H10)Fe(η5-C6H7) (2) with hydrochloric acid afforded the benzene complex [(η-9-SMe2-7,8-C2B9H10)Fe(η-C6H6)]+ (3). The reaction of cation 3 with ButNC produced the isonitrile complex [(η-9-SMe2-7,8-C2B9H10)Fe(tBuNC)3]+ (4). The structure of the complex [4]PF6 was established by X-ray diffraction. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 2046–2048, October, 2007.  相似文献   

14.
The valence π → π * excited states of anthracene and naphthacene are studied with multireference perturbation theory with complete active space self-consistent field reference functions. The predicted spectra provide a consistent assignment of all one- and two-photon spectra and T-T spectra of low-lying valence π → π * excited states of anthracene and naphthacene. The present theory predicts the valence π → π * excitation energies with an accuracy of 0.15 eV for anthracene and of 0.25 eV or better for naphthacene. The excited states of anthracene and naphthacene are compared with those of benzene and naphthalene studied previously. The present calculations predict that, going from anthracene to naphthacene, there is a symmetry reversal of the two lowest singlet state transitions, but not for the triplet, just as indicated by the experimental data. Some general trends of polyacene excited states are discussed based on the calculated results for benzene to naphthacene. Conclusive results obtained for anthracene and naphthacene can be used as a model for understanding the excited states of larger polyacenes. Received: 22 April 1998 / Accepted: 6 July 1998 / Published online: 28 September 1998  相似文献   

15.
The benzene complex [1-(η-C6H6)-12-ButNH-1,2,4,12-FeC3B8H10]+ (3a) was synthesized by the photochemical reaction of [(η5-C6H7)Fe(η-C6H6)]+ (1) with the anion [7-ButNH-7,8,9-C3B8H10] followed by the treatment of ferracarborane 1-(η5-C6H7)-12-ButNH-1,2,4,12-FeC3B8H10 (2) with hydrochloric acid. The benzene ligand in cation 3a is replaced by alkyl-substituted benzenes under visible light irradiation in CH2Cl2 to form [1-(η-C6R6)-12-ButNH-1,2,4,12-FeC3B8H10]+ (3b–e; C6R6 is toluene (b), mesitylene (c), hexamethylbenzene (d), or anisole (e)). The structure of [3c]PF6 was established by X-ray diffraction.  相似文献   

16.
Irradiation of the cation [η-C5Me4H)Fe(η-C6H6)]++ (1) and ButNC with visible light in acetonitrile results in the displacement of the benzene ligand, giving [(η-C5Me4H)Fe(ButNC)3]+ (2). Reactions of complex 1 with P(OR)3 and dppe in MeCN yield the complexes [(η-C5Me4H)-Fe(MeCN)P(OR)3 2]+ (R = Me (3) and Et (4)) and [(η-C5Me4H)Fe(MeCN)(dppe)]+ (5) containing two Fe—P bonds. The same reactions in CH2Cl2 give the tris(phosphite) complexes [(η-C5Me4H)FeP(OR)3 3]+ (6, 7). A photochemical reaction of complex 1 with pentaphos-phaferrocene Cp*Fe(η-cyclo-P5) yields the triple-decker cation [(η-C5Me4H)Fe(μ-η:η-cyclo-P5)FeCp*]+ (8) with a bridging pentaphospholyl ligand. Structures [2]PF6 and [3]PF6 were identified by X-ray diffraction.  相似文献   

17.
The molecular and electronic structure of hypothetical complexes of unsubstituted fullerene C60 withI h symmetry and its cyclopentadienyl type derivatives were simulated by the MNDO/PM3 method taking the C60(XC[) n molecules (n=1, 2, 10, 12; X=Si, Ge, Sn) and η5-C60H5XCp (X=Ge, Sn), respectively, as example. The complexes 12η5-πC60(XCp)12 and η5-πC60XCp withI h andC 5v symmetry, respectively, were found to be the most stable compounds. The energies of the X−C60 bonds in these complexes are close to those of X−Cp bonds in bis(cyclopentadienyl) complexes XCp2 and are substantially higher than the energies of similar bonds in complexes of unsubstituted fullerene η1-πC60(XCp) and η5-πC60(XCp)+. Geometric parameters and spin densities in radicals C60XCp and biradicals C60(XCp)2 and C60H10 were calculated. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2155–2165, November, 1998.  相似文献   

18.
Lanthanide trihalide molecules LnX3 (X = F, Cl, Br, I) were quantum chemically investigated, in particular detail for Ln = Lu (lutetium). We applied density functional theory (DFT) at the nonrelativistic and scalar and SO‐coupled relativistic levels, and also the ab initio coupled cluster approach. The chemically active electron shells of the lanthanide atoms comprise the 5d and 6s (and 6p) valence atomic orbitals (AO) and also the filled inner 4f semivalence and outer 5p semicore shells. Four different frozen‐core approximations for Lu were compared: the (1s2–4d10) [Pd] medium core, the [Pd+5s25p6 = Xe] and [Pd+4f14] large cores, and the [Pd+4f14+5s25p6] very large core. The errors of Lu? X bonding are more serious on freezing the 5p6 shell than the 4f14 shell, more serious upon core‐freezing than on the effective‐core‐potential approximation. The Ln? X distances correlate linearly with the AO radii of the ionic outer shells, Ln3+‐5p6 and X?np6, characteristic for dominantly ionic Ln3+‐X? binding. The heavier halogen atoms also bind covalently with the Ln‐5d shell. Scalar relativistic effects contract and destabilize the Lu? X bonds, spin orbit coupling hardly affects the geometries but the bond energies, owing to SO effects in the free atoms. The relativistic changes of bond energy BE, bond length Re, bond force k, and bond stretching frequency vs do not follow the simple rules of Badger and Gordy (Re~BE~kvs). The so‐called degeneracy‐driven covalence, meaning strong mixing of accidentally near‐degenerate, nearly nonoverlapping AOs without BE contribution is critically discussed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

19.
Oxidation of the cyclohexadienyl complex Fe(η5-C5H5)(1-5-75-6-exo-C5H5-C6H6) (2) by (Ph3C)PF6 (CH2Cl2, from −30 to +20 °C) occurs as two concurrent processes: elimination of an H atom from the cyclohexadienyl ligand and replacement of an H atom in the cyclopentadienyl ring by a CPh3 fragment. A mixture of cationic complexes [Fe(η5-C5H5) (η6-Ph-C5H5]+ (1+) and [Fe(η5-C5H4CPh3) (η6-Ph-C5H5]+ (4+) (4 +) with PF6 anions is obtained. Deprotonation of the mixture of 1+ and 4+ complexes under the action of Bu t OK inm-xylene followed by boiling of the reaction mixture gives phenylferrocene (7) as the product of η66 haptotropic rearrangement. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, NO. 5, pp. 1045–1047, May, 1997.  相似文献   

20.
The reaction of MeSiCl3 with 3 equivalents of LiC5H4(CO)2Fe(η15-C5H4)Mn(CO)3 afforded the hexanuclear complex MeSi[η15-C5H4(CO)2Fe(η15-C5H5)Mn(CO)3]3. The structure of the resulting complex was established by1H and13C NMR and IR spectroscopy and by X-ray diffraction analysis. Dedicated to the memory of Academician M. I. Kabachnik on his 90th birthday. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 2056–2061, October, 1998.  相似文献   

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