高硅低品质高岭土合成NaP型分子筛

以高硅含量的低品质高岭土为原料,在高温下碱熔活化,水热晶化合成了NaP型分子筛.实验探究了碱熔温度、晶化条件、老化条件对合成NaP分子筛的影响.采用XRD,SEM及BET对合成产物进行表征.结果表明:未外加硅源,600℃碱熔2h,n(Na2O)/n(SiO2)=1.6,n(H2O)/n(Na2O) =75,70℃老化lh,120℃水热晶化45 h可得到单一晶相NaP型分子筛,形貌为球状颗粒,比表面积为87.12m2/g.     

天然辉沸石为原料制备P型沸石的水热反应条件研究

以天然辉沸石为原料,经过酸化、碱溶处理,采用水热合成工艺,在保持n( SiO2)/n( Al2O3)＝3.5、n( Na2O)/n(SiO2)＝1.2、n(H2O)/n(Na2O)＝35不变的情况下合成制备P型分子筛.考察水热反应的晶化温度和晶化时间对合成P型分子筛晶型生长的影响,结果表明:水热温度由80 ℃上升至100 ℃,P型分子筛由没有成型到晶型出现,结晶度随着温度的升高逐渐增加,晶面对应越明显.合成P型分子筛的最佳温度为90℃,P型分子筛为集合球状,粒径大约为1 μm;随着水热时间的增长,P型分子筛慢慢成型,分子筛颗粒逐渐变大,6.5 h为最佳合成时间.并且可以看出控制反应时间得到的P型分子筛形状较为规则.     

水蒸汽辅助转化法合成W分子筛

以硅酸钠和硫酸铝反应物硅铝干凝胶为硅铝源,氢氧化钾为碱源,采用水蒸汽辅助转化法合成W分子筛,考察了反应体系组成、晶化温度和晶化时间对W分子筛结构、形貌和性能的影响.得到最佳合成条件为:K2O/SiO2=0.386,H3O/SiO2=11.2,添加于固体反应原料中的水量与釜底水量的比值为2.85,晶化温度为160 ℃,晶化时间为48 h.所得样品经XRD和SEM表征确认得到了形貌均一、结晶良好的W分子筛,其在人工模拟海水中的钾离子交换容量为52.4 mg/g.     

微孔α-Al2O3支撑NaA沸石分子筛膜的合成与表征

以微孔α-Al2O3瓷板为支撑体,通过负载晶种水热反应合成了NaA沸石分子筛膜,利用XRD和FESEM表征了膜的相组成及微观结构,比较研究了动态和静态两种晶化体系对分子筛成膜的影响机制.将Na2SiO3·9H2O、NaAlO2和去离子水按n(Na2O):n(SiO2):n(Al2O3):n(H2O)= 3:2:1:148配制溶液,于95 ℃水热反应2 h制得晶种;再用Na2SiO3·9H2O、Al2(SO4)3·18H2O、NaOH及去离子水作起始物,按nNa2O:nSiO2:nAl2O3:nH2O=7.5:2:1:600配制膜晶化液,分别将负载晶种的支撑体置于动态(190 r/min搅动)和静态的晶化液中,于97 ℃下晶化4 h合成NaA沸石分子筛膜.结果表明:静态体系形成的膜主要由晶种和分子筛晶粒沉积构成,结构疏松且缺陷较多;而动态体系形成的膜则是由晶种交织生长而成,膜层薄、结晶度高、均匀连续,且成膜过程易于有效控制.     

以粉煤灰为原料采用两步法制备高纯度ZSM-5型沸石的研究

采用经碱熔融-离心提取处理后的粉煤灰为原料,经水热反应研究两步法合成高纯度ZSM-5型沸石的过程,探讨了碱灰比、焙烧温度对硅铝溶出量的影响,研究了碱度、晶化时间、晶化温度与硅铝比对合成ZSM-5型沸石的影响.结果表明:碱灰比为2.3∶1,焙烧温度为680 ℃时可获得最高的硅铝溶出量;当SiO2/Na2O =7(摩尔比),SiO2/Al2O3=45(摩尔比),晶化时间为68 h,晶化温度为180 ℃时可获得高纯度的ZSM-5型沸石.     

三聚甲醛存在下EMT分子筛的合成及表征

以硅酸钠为硅源、铝酸钠为铝源,以三聚甲醛(TOX)为有机添加剂,室温下悬浮聚集陈化合成了EMT分子筛.考察了凝胶组成、晶化温度、晶化时间等因素对EMT分子筛合成的影响.采用XRD、FT-IR、SEM、BET、ICP等手段对EMT分子筛进行了表征.结果表明,合成EMT分子筛适宜的条件为:凝胶摩尔组成nNa2O∶nAl2O3∶nSiO2∶nH2O∶nTOX=18.5∶1∶5∶240∶0.5,晶化温度30 ℃,晶化时间72 h,此条件下合成的EMT分子筛,XRD特征峰较强,与典型的EMT分子筛的特征衍射峰相吻合,相对结晶度为80.1;,经ICP分析计算Si/Al=2.01,BET比表面积为80.57 m2/g,孔容和孔径分别为0.03 cm3 /g和2.07 nm,SEM照片显示EMT为球形晶体颗粒团聚状生长,大小均匀,排列紧凑.     

利用稻壳制备X型分子筛及性能研究

以稻壳为硅源,采用水热法成功合成出了X型分子筛,并对亚甲基蓝染料进行吸附.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见光谱和钙离子交换能力对样品的性能进行表征与测试.研究结果表明,提纯后稻壳灰为无定型态,其主要成分SiO2含量高达98.96;;水热法合成X分子筛的最佳配比为n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3) =3.8、n(Na2O)/n(SiO2)=1.4、n(H2O)/n(Na2O) =40,最佳水热晶化温度为100℃,最佳晶化时间为8h.在此条件下,合成产物无杂相,晶形发育完好,结晶度高,钙离子交换能力高达310.3 mg·g-1.亚甲基蓝溶液初始pH值在11 ～12范围内,初始浓度小于30 mg·L-1,分子筛用量在0.10～0.25 g范围内时,产物对亚甲基蓝有较好的吸附效果.     

煤系高岭土合成NaP分子筛的XRD分析及表征

本文将高岭土在一定温度下煅烧1h,使高岭土变成无定形态的活性偏高岭土,再调整合成体系的配比,最后水热晶化合成了NaP分子筛.采用XRD对原矿、预处理产物和合成的产物进行了分析,采用SEM对产物进行了形貌表征,用激光粒度分析仪对产物粒度进行了分析,最后用化学滴定法测定了产物的钙镁离子交换量.结果表明:在800℃恒温1h能有效活化高岭土,在n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)=3.5、n(Na2O)/n(SiO2)=1.4、n(H2O)/n(Na2O)=45、室温老化3h、95℃晶化9h的条件下,获得的晶化产物为NaP分子筛,平均粒径为2.298 μm,Ca2+交换量为315 mg CaCO3/g干沸石,Mg2+交换量为83 mg MgCO3/g干沸石.     

KOH碱熔活化钾长石制取全钾W型分子筛

本文提出了KOH碱熔活化钾长石制备全钾W型分子筛的工艺.考察了KOH碱熔活化碱矿比、老化温度与时间、晶化温度与时间及反应体系组成等因素对合成W型分子筛形貌和结构的影响,结果表明W型分子筛在较宽范围的条件下可以合成,其中适宜的条件为:KOH与钾长石的碱矿比为2∶1,活化物料按K2O∶SiO2∶Al2O3∶H2O摩尔比15∶ 10∶1∶570来调整配比,25℃下老化2.5h,150℃下晶化24h.W分子筛合成后的母液一部分可在W分子筛制备中循环利用,另一部分可副产K2CO3和白炭黑,实现了原料的综合利用.     

高岭土水热合成4A沸石实验研究

水热法合成4A沸石的实验是在不同的碱度、不同的液固比、不同的晶化温度和不同的晶化时间条件下进行的,并进行了实验结果和各种合成因素的分析及研究.实验结果分析表明在加碱煅烧及合成沸石的过程中,使用NaOH的效果比使用Na2CO3和KOH,加入适量的晶种能缩短晶化反应时间并能提高合成沸石的质量.在碱度为2.5～4.0M、液固比6∶1～8∶1、晶化温度90～103℃以及晶化时间为3～5h的实验条件下,采用苏州高岭土合成了4A沸石.文中还采用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜对合成的沸石样品进行了表征.     

CsI-LiCl共晶材料的坩埚下降法生长与闪烁性能研究

本文采用坩埚下降法,在真空密封的石英坩埚中成功生长出CsI-LiCl与CsI-LiCl:Na共晶闪烁体。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察晶体微结构表明该共晶中LiCl相与CsI相存在周期性的层状排列,CsI相的厚度在5 μm左右。共晶样品的X射线激发发射谱显示在CsI-LiCl和CsI-LiCl:Na共晶样品存在缺陷发光,在CsI-LiCl样品中还观察到了纯CsI的自陷激子(STE)发光。CsI-LiCl样品在α粒子激发下的多道能谱中观察到明显的全能峰,这一结果证明CsI-LiCl共晶可用于热中子探测的潜力。     

First-principles coexistence simulations of supercooled liquid silicon

We perform first-principles coexistence simulations of the low-density and the high-density phases of supercooled liquid silicon and find a negative slope for the coexisting line in the temperature-pressure plane. Electron density maps and electron-localization function plots of the two phases of silicon show marked differences. The calculated differences suggest more localized electrons in the low-density liquid compared to the high-density liquid, coming from an increased population of covalent bonds, which further explain the calculated negative slope in the two phase coexistence regime. This is consistent with the presence of a pseudo-gap in low-density liquid silicon, absent in the high-density liquid which shows a metallic behavior.     

静电纺丝法制备CeO2微纳米纤维及其除氟性能

以聚丙烯腈(PAN)为载体,六水合硝酸铈[Ce(NO₃)₃·6H₂O]为原料,采用静电纺丝法制备了Ce(NO₃)₃/PAN纤维,在空气中热处理得到CeO₂微纳米纤维,通过XRD、BET和SEM对CeO₂微纳米纤维进行表征。采用静态吸附实验探讨了CeO₂微纳米纤维去除水溶液中氟离子的性能,考察了溶液pH值、初始氟离子浓度及共存阴离子等对吸附性能的影响。结果表明,pH=3时,CeO₂微纳米纤维对F^-的吸附性能最佳,CeO₂吸附量随着F^-浓度的增大呈上升趋势。CeO₂微纳米纤维对F^-的吸附等温线遵循Langmuir模型,二级动力学模型能很好地描述CeO₂微纳米纤维对F^-的吸附过程。CeO₂微纳米纤维的除氟性能优良,可为其实际应用提供理论参考。     

Triethyl ammonium salt of O,O′-bis(p-tolyl)dithiophosphate, [Et3NH]+[(4-MeC6H4O)2PS2]−

Triethyl ammonium Salt of O,O′-bis(p-tolyl)dithiophosphate and O,O′-bis(m-tolyl)dithiophosphate have been obtained by reaction of p- and m-cresol, respectively with P₂S₅ in toluene and have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H and ³¹P NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structure of O,O′-bis(p-tolyl)dithiophosphate has been determined. Crystal data: [Et₃NH]⁺[(4-MeC₆H₄O)₂PS₂]⁻: Monoclinic, P2₁/c, a=15.2441(9) ?, b=10.415(2) ?, c=3.9726(9) ?, β=91.709(7)°, V=2217.5(1) ?⁻³, Z=4.Supplementary materials Additional material available from the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC no. 600927 for [Et₃NH]⁺[(4-MeC₆H₄O)₂PS₂]⁻ comprises the final atomic coordinates for all atoms, thermal parameters, and a complete listing of bond distances and angles. Copies of this information may be obtained free of charge on application to The Director, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 2EZ, UK (fax: +44-1223-336033; email: deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk or www:http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk).     

Crystal structures of thecis andtrans isomers of dithiahexahydro[3.3]metacyclophane

Structures of both thecis andtrans isomers of dithiahexahydro[3.3]metacyclophane, ?C₆H₄?CH₂SCH₂?C₆H₁₀?CH₂SCH₂?, have been determined, wherecis andtrans refer to the attachments to the cyclohexane ring. Thecis form crystallizes in the monoclinic space groupP2₁/c witha=8.4299(11)Å,b=21.772(2)Å,c=8.9724(13)Å, β=116.574(11)^o, andZ=4. Thetrans isomer packs into the monoclinic space groupP2₁ witha=8.159(16)Å,b=10.185(5)Å,c=9.558(2)Å, β=112.435(18)^o, andZ=2. The cyclohexane ring of thecis isomer is in the chair conformation, while the cyclohexane of thetrans isomer is found in a twisted boat conformation.     

CTAB与SDBS对碳酸锶粒子生长形态调控及机理研究

以表面活性剂CTAB和SDBS为化学添加剂,采用化学共沉淀法对碳酸锶晶体的生长形态进行调控,成功地制备出了实心的树枝状和花瓣为空心的花状碳酸锶粉体,并用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)等分析手段对样品进行了表征;最后重点对化学添加剂可能产生的影响机理进行了初步的探讨.结果表明,CTAB和SDBS在晶体生长的过程中能起到显著的影响作用,两者对粒子分散性能的作用效果相反,而且后者对晶体(013)和(213)晶面表面能降低的贡献明显大于前者.     

Crystal structure of Zn4Na(OH)6SO4Cl·6H2O

The structure of Zn₄Na(OH)₆SO₄Cl·6H₂O, a secondary mineral from Hettstedt, Germany, was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystals are hexagonal,a=8.413(8),c=13.095(24) Å, space group $P\bar 3$ , Z=2. The structure was refined to R=0.0554 and R_w=0.0903 for 970 reflections with I≥3σ(I). The structure can be described as zinc hydroxide layers perpendicular toc, from which sulfates and chlorides extend. The layers are held together by a system of hydrogen bonds involving hexaaquo Na⁺ ions which occupy the interlayer space.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 5-[2-(6-bromonaphthalenyloxymethyl)]-3-(4-morpholinomethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>)-thione

Abstract  The title compound, C₁₈H₁₈BrN₃O₃S, a derivative of 1,3,4-oxadiazole, crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1 with unit cell parameters a = 6.8731(3), b = 8.9994(4), c = 15.7099(6) ?, α = 92.779(3)°, β = 130.575(3)°, γ = 107.868(4)°, Z = 2. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the planar naphthyl and morpholine (chair) rings with the planar oxadiazol ring is 50.1(8) and 76.8(6)°, respectively. The planar naphthyl ring is twisted 52.2(5)° with the mean plane of the morpholine ring. A group of four intermolecular close contacts are observed between a bromine atom and hydrogen atoms from the closely packed naphthyl, morpholine and oxy–methyl groups in the unit cell. These molecular interactions in concert with an additional series of π–π stacking interactions that occur between the center of gravity of the two 6-membered rings of the naphthalene group influence the twist angles of each of these three groups. A MOPAC AM1 calculation of the conformation energy of the crystal structure [226.0128(9) kcal] compared to that of the minimum energy structure after geometry optimization [29.9744(1) kcal] reveals a significantly reduced value. The twist angles of the three groups above also change after the AM1 calculation giving support to the influence of both intermolecular C–H···Br short-range interactions and Cg π–π stacking interactions on these angles which therefore play a role in stabilizing crystal packing. Graphical Abstract  Crystal structure of 5-{[(6-bromonaphthalen-2-yl)oxy]methyl}-3-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thione, C₁₈H₁₈BrN₃O₃S, is reported and its geometric and packing parameters described and compared to a MOPAC computational calculation. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Crystal structure of irisolidone from the flowers of Pueraia lobata

Irisolidone (5,7-dihydroxy-6,4′-dimethoxyisoflavone) was isolated from the flowers of Pueraia lobata and its crystal structure was examined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The crystal structure of irisolidone is monoclinic, space group P2₁/c with a = 15.491(9) ?, b = 7.895(4) ?, c = 13.321(7) ?, β = 110.546(9)° and Z = 4. Hydrogen bonding and aromatic π–π stacking assemble the title compound into a three-dimensional networking structure.