发硒血硒与人体疾病关系的探讨

为研究发硒，血硒与人体疾病的关系，对一些肝病及癌症患者的发硒，血硒进行了检测，获得了一些有价值的结果。     

硒在癌症治疗中的作用

通过对近几年国内外文献检索,综述了微量元素硒防癌抗癌作用的研究进展。近年来的研究表明,硒对癌症有明显的预防和治疗作用,适量补硒能使癌症的发病率和死亡率下降。硒的防癌抗癌机制是多方面的,硒能通过多种途径诱导肿瘤细胞发生调亡是其抗癌的重要机制之一。     

微波消解试样氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定黄花菜中硒

硒是目前研究非常活跃的一种人体必需微量元素。由于硒是重金属的天然解毒剂和有希望的抗癌元素，因此在人体中起着非常重要的生理作用。缺硒可导致克山病和大骨节病的发生，而硒过量也可导致硒中毒，引起脱发、脱甲等病症，故硒量的摄人直接影响人的身体健康。作为传统土特产品的黄花菜营养价值高，深受消费者特别是孕妇、婴幼儿等的喜爱，由于黄花菜对土壤中的硒具有一定的富集作用，因此测定黄花菜中硒的含量具有重要的实际意义。     

有机硒化合物药用研究进展

硒是人体及一些动物必需的微量元素，有机硒化合物具有抗氧化，抗炎，防癌，抗癌等药用前景。     

血硒与肺癌

硒是谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）的组成成分，是人体生命活动所必需的微量元素，本文主要就血硒的流行病学研究、人体硒状况的估价、硒的抗癌机制以及血硒在肺癌诊断和防治中的意义等方面作一概述。     

微量元素硒在肿瘤防治中的作用及应用前景

硒作为人类必需的必需元素，人们对其重要性的认识日益提高，已经将将缺硒与增加癌症风险联系在一起。本文就硒在肿瘤防治中的可能作用及其应用进展，从流行病学调查、实验室和人群试验三个方面作一综述。尽管对其作用仍然存在不同观点的争论，但多数报道提示硒在抗癌领域有良好的应用前景。     

几种粮食中硒含量的测定

采用ＲＦ－５０００型荧光分光光度计测定了几种市售粮食中的硒含量，并对硒与人体健康关系等问题进行了讨论，可作为人们饮食结构中调节硒含量的参考依据。     

亚硒酸钠通过活性氧(ROS)/谷胱甘肽(GSH)/谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX4)轴诱导非小细胞肺癌A549细胞铁死亡

硒作为人体必需的微量元素,具有抗癌作用,但其抗癌机制尚不明确,因此,通过探讨亚硒酸钠是否可以通过铁死亡途径抑制肺癌A549细胞增殖及其肺癌A549细胞发生铁死亡的具体机制。通过细胞增殖实验(CCK-8实验)及细胞计数实验评价亚硒酸钠对A549细胞增殖的影响,通过流式细胞术分析亚硒酸钠对肺癌A549细胞内线粒体膜电位(MMP)及活性氧(ROS)水平的影响,通过亚铁离子检测试剂盒检测亚硒酸钠作用后肺癌A549细胞内亚铁离子含量变化,MDA检测试剂盒分析亚硒酸钠作用后肺癌A549细胞内脂质氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量,分光光度法分析亚硒酸钠对肺癌A549细胞内谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(GPX4)及谷胱甘肽(GSH)的表达影响。研究发现：亚硒酸钠能够显著抑制肺癌A549细胞增殖,且亚硒酸钠抑制肺癌A549细胞的半数抑制率(IC₅₀)为10μmol/L;亚硒酸钠能诱导肺癌A549细胞内ROS过度积累并使细胞内谷胱甘肽耗竭;亚硒酸钠作用后,细胞内线粒体膜电位水平显著降低,MDA含量升高而GPX4蛋白表达下调。研究表明,亚硒酸钠能通过诱导肺癌A549细胞内ROS过度积累,引起细胞内...     

具有选择性抗癌活性的含硒配位组装体:活性氧物种的调控

活性氧物种(ROS)由于其在生物体内的"双刃剑"作用受到越来越多的关注.ROS在低浓度下能够促进细胞生长,而在高浓度下会诱导细胞凋亡.硒作为人体必需的微量元素之一,具有调控细胞内ROS浓度的作用.通过研究具有不同结构的含硒两亲性分子与顺铂、二氯化铂的配位情况,探讨硒与铂之间的配位作用;并进一步研究配位组装体在细胞内调控ROS的能力,探讨选择性抗癌活性的产生机制.结果表明,含硒分子能够与铂类化合物进行配位,生成具有选择性抗癌活性的组装体;该抗癌活性源于组装体对细胞内ROS浓度的调控.期望能够拓展含硒配位组装体在抗癌领域的应用,为选择性抗癌药物的开发提供新的思路.     

土壤环境中的硒对人和动物健康的影响

硒是人和动物必需的微量元素之一。土壤中的硒含量过多或过低，人和 动物都会出现地方性疾病。土壤中硒的含量与土壤母质、地形、气候条件和土壤条件性质等有关，调节土壤性质可以改善作物的含硒量。防治硒缺额症和硒中毒症，每天必需摄入适量的硒，以100－200μg为宜，但人体对硒的需要量也与食物成分有关。     

Activation analysis of selenium in cancer research

The method described in a previous work to separate trace amounts of selenium in organic samples without using a carrier, based on the adsorption on active carbon filters of the complex formed with ammonium pyrrolidindithiocarbamate (APDC) at pH 1.5–2, has been applied to urine samples from 15 females patients suffering from cervical uterine cancer. With this type of sample the method reaches a maximum sensitivity (few ppb) with a good statistical variation (±12%). Since the highest concentration of selenium in human tissues is found in the kidney, and the elimination of this element is mainly by the urine, the method seems to be a powerful tool in the research about the human metabolism of selenium. This paper shows a possible relation of selenium concentration in human urine and the evolution time of cervical uterine cancer, in spite of limits imposed by the statistical error plus the inhomogeneity of the sample.     

Novel approaches for selenium speciation in foodstuffs and biological specimens: A review

Selenium is an essential element for human health. It has been recognized as an antioxidant and chemopreventive agent in cancer. Selenium is known to develop its biological activity via selenocysteine residue in the catalytically active centre of selenoproteins. The main source of selenium in human beings is the diet. However, in several regions of the world the content of selenium in diet has been estimated insufficient for a correct expression of the proteins. The beneficial effects of selenium on human health are strongly dependent on its chemical form and concentration. This review critically evaluated the state-of-the art of selenium speciation in biological matrices mainly focused in nutritional and food products. Besides the number of publications related to selenium speciation, isolation and accurate characterization and quantification of selenium species is still a challenge. Hyphenated techniques based on coupling chromatography separation with inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP-MS) and its combination with molecular mass spectrometry (ESI-MS, ESI-MS-MS and MALDI-TOF) and isotopic dilution allow identification, quantification and structural characterization of selenium species. Particular attention is paid in the development of Se-enriched food and nutritional products and how the application of the techniques mentioned above is mandatory to get reliable results on selenium metabolisms in these particular matrices.     

宫颈癌的低硒表征

宫颈癌是危害妇女健康的主要恶性肿瘤之一。研究表明,微量元素不仅参与机体正常代谢,而且和肿瘤的发生与发展及其预后密切相关,其中低硒与宫颈癌的关系广为人们所关注。近年来低硒与宫颈癌的关系及其相关因素的研究,为揭示宫颈癌的地理流行病学特征、生理生化改变及其致癌机理和防治研究提供了信息。     

硒与肺癌

为深入研究硒的抑癌机制,对肺癌患者进行合理的硒治疗和对肺癌高危人群进行适当的硒干预,概述了硒在自然界的分布,人体硒营养状况的评价指标,硒与肺癌的流行病学、动物实验、体外试验、人体干预试验、发病机制的研究现状。     

微波消解-原子荧光光谱法分析肺癌患者全血中硒

目的探讨肺癌患者血样中硒含量的变化。方法采集肺癌组和对照组血样,用硝酸、过氧化氢混合液微波消解样品,采用原子荧光光谱法测定血样中硒的含量。结果肺癌组和对照组硒平均质量浓度分别为0.087、0.123 mg/L。结论肺癌患者血样硒含量明显降低,缺硒可能是导致肺癌高发的重要因素。     

Determinants of selenium in the toenail biomonitor

Summary The evaluation of human nails as a measure of selenium intake and to assess selenium status in critical tissues is now being used routinely to investigate hypotheses relating selenium status to chronic disease, especially cancer. In this study we report on our observations of the major determinants of toenail selenium concentrations. Toenail specimens (3575) were, under a protocol we provided, self-collected by adult females (1940, 54.3%) and males (1635, 45.7%) living in 111 of Missouri's 114 counties. The health-conscious participants ranged in age from 18 to 94 years with means of 53.7±14.1 and 56.4±14.2 years for females and males, respectively. Selenium supplement use was over represented, 39.1% and 42.7%, and smoking was under represented, 7.5% and 7.8%, for females and males, respectively. The major determinants of toenail selenium concentration were supplement use, sex and cigarette smoking. We found no overall correlations with age, body mass index or diet selection.     

Anti‐cancer potential of selenium‐ and tellurium‐containing species: opportunities abound!

An overview highlighting the anti‐cancer potential of (bio‐essential) selenium‐ and tellurium‐containing species, with an emphasis on biological targets and mechanisms of action, is presented. Studies thus far have focused on selenium(II) compounds (along with – to a lesser extent – inorganic selenium and selenium nanoparticles) which often successfully exploit the inherent anti‐oxidizing ability of selenium. Significantly less work has been conducted in developing anti‐cancer tellurium compounds, yet two tellurium(IV) species are proven, clinically, as anti‐cancer agents. Given the prevalence of the disease and the accumulated insights into mechanisms of action, the continued development of selenium‐ and tellurium‐containing molecules is an area deserving greater attention. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The determination of selenium concentration in blood and tumour tissues of breast cancer patients in Syria using instrumental neutron activation analysis

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of selenium concentration in blood components and tumour tissues of breast cancer patients and healthy volunteers (control), in Syria, using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). Red blood cells and serum selenium concentrations were determined in 50 healthy volunteers aged 25-70 years and 70 breast cancer patients aged 25-84 years. Selenium levels were also measured in malignant and adjacent normal tissues from breast cancer patients. The accuracy of the analysis was evaluated by co-analyses of international reference materials. The results showed that selenium concentration in serum and RBC was significantly lower among breast cancer patients compared to healthy volunteers (P<0.001). The results also showed that the selenium concentration was significantly higher in the cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues (P<0.001). We conclude that there is a good indication for selenium deviation in blood and malignant tissue of breast cancer patients compared to that of healthy volunteers. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

中国硒研究历史回顾（下）

过去50年中,中国微量元素科学和营养科学中最重要的发现之一,就是认识了硒对人体健康的重要性。在诸多微量元素中,没有哪一个元素能像硒那样对人类产生如此深刻而又广泛的影响。从硒的生物必需性、硒的生物效应两面性、硒的抗癌性、硒的延寿作用及富硒产品开发五个方面回顾了中国的硒研究历程。     

硒·农业·人

对硒与农业及人体健康的关系进行了综述 ,重点介绍了硒添加剂在畜牧业和硒肥在种植业中的应用及其效果