Glycolipids of the woody verdure ofLarix sibirica

The compositions of the glycolipids of the main fractions of the woody verdure of the Siberian larch — needles and shoots — have been studied. The dynamics of the amounts of individual glycolipids in the course of vegetation have been established. The qualitative and quantitativae compositions of the fatty acids of the total glycolipids of the needles and shoots have been determined.Siberian Technological Institute, 660049, Krasnoyarsk, Prospekt Mira, 82. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 183–187, March–April, 1994.     

Polyprenols and dolichols from the needles,needle-free shoots,and bark ofPinus sibirica

The presence of bioregulators of animal organisms — dolichols — has been established in the needles, needle-free shoots, and bark of the Siberian stone pine. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the mixtures of the isoprenologues and polyprenols have been established by the HPLC method. In addition, known diterpene alcohols ((E,E,E)-geranylgeraniol and labd-8(17),13E-dien-15-ol) esterified with higher fatty acids have been identified in the bark.     

Composition of the resinous substances of conifer needles. I. Group composition of the resinous substances of the needles of the pinePinus silvestris

A system of solvents has been selected for the successive extraction of pine needles (benzene, isopropanol, and isopropanol + chloroform). Extraction was carried out by the steeping method at room temperature, and the yield of resinous substances was 19.4%. The extractive substances isolated consisted of neutral compounds, glycolipids, and phospholipids. The group compositions of the neutral substances have been determined by column chromatography. The predominating components in them are hydrocarbons (15.9%), diglycerides (10.7%), and waxy substances (27.6%).Siberian Technological Institute, Krasnoyarsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 396–398, May–June, 1979.     

Polar lipids of cotton seeds and the products of their processing

The compositions and amounts of polar lipids in cotton seeds and the products of their processing have been investigated. Six glycolipids have been identified, the main ones being monogalactosyldiglyceride (MGDGs), digalactosyldiglycerides (DGDGs), and sterol glycosides. The fatty acid compositions of the neutral lipids and of the phospho- and glycolipids have been determined. In the glycolipids, saturated fatty acids — palmitic and stearic — predominated.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Republic Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 194–198, March–April, 1993.     

Polyprenols and dolichols from the needles, needle-free shoots, and bark ofPinus sibirica

The presence of bioregulators of animal organisms — dolichols — has been established in the needles, needle-free shoots, and bark of the Siberian stone pine. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the mixtures of the isoprenologues and polyprenols have been established by the HPLC method. In addition, known diterpene alcohols ((E,E,E)-geranylgeraniol and labd-8(17),13E-dien-15-ol) esterified with higher fatty acids have been identified in the bark.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 729–733, November–December, 1994.     

Glycolipids and phospholipids of the fruit ofElaeagnus angustifolia

The glycolipids and phospholipids of the fruit of Russian olive have been studied. The seeds yielded nine glycolipids and seven phospholipid components, and the pericarp eight glycolipids and three phospholipid components. Their fatty-acid compositions have been determined.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 646–651, September–October, 1993.     

Glycolipids and phospholipids of the fruit ofElaeagnus angustifolia

The glycolipids and phospholipids of the fruit of Russian olive have been studied. The seeds yielded nine glycolipids and seven phospholipid components, and the pericarp eight glycolipids and three phospholipid components. Their fatty-acid compositions have been determined. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 646–651, September–October, 1993.     

Carbohydrates and lipids ofBrassica oleracea

Lipids and polysaccharides have been obtained from the leaves ofBrassica oleracea. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the lipid complex have been studied. The fatty acid compositions of the total neutral lipids and of the phospho- and glycolipids have been determined. The carbohydrate complex of cabbage includes water-soluble polysaccharides, low-methoxyl pectins, hemicelluloses, and free monosugars. The polypeptides have been characterized by their mannoside compositions. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 612–615, September–October, 1994.     

Lipids of cottonseed kernels

The free, bound, and strongly bound lipids of the seed kernels of the cotton plant of variety 108-F have been studied. It has been shown that the free and bound lipids include 97.3% and 47.6% of neutral lipids, respectively. The polar lipids consist mainly of phospholipids and glycolipids. Two groups of glycolipids — sterol glycosides and glycosylglycerides — have been isolated and their compositions have been determined.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 435–438, July–August, 1983.     

Carbohydrates and lipids ofBrassica oleracea

Lipids and polysaccharides have been obtained from the leaves ofBrassica oleracea. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the lipid complex have been studied. The fatty acid compositions of the total neutral lipids and of the phospho- and glycolipids have been determined. The carbohydrate complex of cabbage includes water-soluble polysaccharides, low-methoxyl pectins, hemicelluloses, and free monosugars. The polypeptides have been characterized by their mannoside compositions.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 612–615, September–October, 1994.     

Fractional and amino acid compositions of the proteins of the needles ofPinus sylvestris

Four fractions of soluble protein have been isolated by the method of successive extraction from the needles ofPinus sylvestris, and their quantitative ratios have been established. The quantitative amino acid compositions of the fractions isolated and of the unextracted protein, which amounts to about 55% of the total amount of protein in the needles, have been determined. The amount of crude protein in the initial material was 11% on the absolutely dry needles. Siberian Technological Institute, Krasnoyarsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 676–678, September–October, 1980.     

Mass spectrometric analysis of ceramide composition in mono-, di-, tri-, and tetraglycosylceramides from mouse kidney: an experimental model for uropathogenic Escherichia coli.

Many bacteria have been shown to bind to the carbohydrate part of glycosphingolipids, but also the lipid moieties of receptor-active glycolipids are of importance. To investigate the chemistry of the ceramides of kidney glycolipids to which the uropathogenic Escherichia coli bind, different mass spectrometric techniques were utilized. First, a mixture of glycolipids isolated from man and mice kidney was separated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and scanned by direct desorption from the plate by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (TLC/FAB-MS). Second, the glycolipids were purified by preparative TLC and analyzed by negative-ion FAB-MS. After methylation, further analyses were made with positive-ion FAB-MS, positive-ion electron ionization (EI)-MS, high-temperature capillary gas chromatography (GC/EI-MS) and positive-ion matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MS. The ceramide compositions of the four glycolipids were determined using all these MS techniques and the reliability of the different methods for this type of analyses is discussed. Comparison of the mouse kidney glycolipids with the corresponding glycolipids from human kidney showed the same degree of hydroxylation of ceramides among mono- and disaccharide glycolipids, but a significantly higher degree of hydroxylation among mouse kidney glycolipids with three and four sugar residues. This result might be of relevance for the binding of P-fimbriated E. coli to the urinary tract tissues.     

Kinetics of the level of lipids in a cotton plant of variety 6524 S during maturation

The composition and amount of lipids in the seeds and leaves of the cotton plant of variety 6524 S over the vegetation periods have been investigated. The rate of biosynthesis of neutral lipids in cotton seeds in the 20-day period after flowering to the moment of maturation increases by a factor of 1.6 while the amounts of phospho- and glycolipids decrease by factors of 3.9 and 4.3, respectively. The fatty acid compositions of the neutral lipids and of the phospho- and glycolipids of the seeds and leaves have been determined. Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbekistan Republic, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 359–362, May–June, 1993.     

Berberis alkaloids. XXV. Structures of bernumidine and bernumicine

The alkaloid compositions of young shoots and leaves ofBerberis nummularia Bge. have been studied. The new alkaloids bernumidine (II) and bernumicine (III) have been isolated from the leaves, and their structures have been established.     

Lipids ofHeracleum lehmannianum seeds

The lipid complex of the seeds ofHeracleum lehmannianum B. has been studied. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the neutral lipids and the phospho- and glycolipids, and the fatty acid compositions of the acyl-containing classes of lipids have been determined. It has been shown that the neutral and the polar lipids differ considerably from one another with respect to the level of certain fatty acids. The position-species compositions of the TAGS and of the main components of the phospholipids have been calculated from the results of lipolytic hydrolysis.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 10–14, January–February, 1996. Original article submitted June 12, 1995.     

Kinetics of the level of lipids in a cotton plant of variety 6524 S during maturation

The composition and amount of lipids in the seeds and leaves of the cotton plant of variety 6524 S over the vegetation periods have been investigated. The rate of biosynthesis of neutral lipids in cotton seeds in the 20-day period after flowering to the moment of maturation increases by a factor of 1.6 while the amounts of phospho- and glycolipids decrease by factors of 3.9 and 4.3, respectively. The fatty acid compositions of the neutral lipids and of the phospho- and glycolipids of the seeds and leaves have been determined.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbekistan Republic, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 359–362, May–June, 1993.     

The chemical composition of aqueous extracts of coniferous needles

Summary 1. The group compositions of aqueous extracts of pine and spruce needles have been established. In their chemical compositions the extracts are similar to one another.2. The individual composition of the monosaccharides have been determined. They contain glucose, mannose, galactose, xylose, and arabinose.3. The component compositions of the vitamins have been studied. Ascorbic acid and vitamins of the B group have been found such as inositol, biotin, nicotinic and pantothenic acids, and vitamins B₁ and B₆.Siberian Technological Institute, Krasnoyarsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 648–650, September–October, 1978.     

Lipids of two species of brown algae of the genusLaminaria

The compositions of the neutral lipids, glycolipids, phospholipids and fatty acids of the brown algaeLaminaria japonica andLaminaria cichoriodes have been studied. It has been found that the glycolipids are the main lipid classes in these algae. Palmitic, oleic, and polyunsaturated acids with 18 and 20 carbon atoms form the group of main acids. The lipids of both species of theLaminaria genus have a complex composition but they differ by the ratios of their fatty acids.Institute of Marine Biology, Far-eastern Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, fax (4232) 310900, e-mail: lipid@biom.marine.su. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 22–26, January–February, 1999.     

Fractionation and composition of the carbohydrates ofFicus carica

The fractional compositions of the carbohydrates of the four most promising varieties ofFicus carica L. — Smena, Kadota, Chumlakuri mtsvane, and Turetskii korichnevyi — have been investigated. The qualitative and quantitative monosaccharide compositions of the carbohydrates isolated have been determined. The bulk of the dry matter of the fruit consists of ethanol-soluble oligosaccharides — up to 74.53%. The composition of the residue obtained after the fractionation of the carbohydrates has been studied. It contains ligin bound to mineral elements.     

Glycolipids from Leaves of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Eminium Lehmanii</Emphasis>

The quantitative composition of glycolipids from leaves of Eminium Lehmanii (Araceae) was established. It was shown that the predominant glycolipids were monogalactosyldiglycerides and digalactosyldiglycerides. The fatty-acid compositions of six glycolipids, of which digalactosyldiglycerides and sterylglycoside esters contained greater than 70% linoleic acid, were determined by GC. The main carbohydrate component of the leaf glycolipids was galactose. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 409–410, September–October, 2005.