Sets with two associative operations

In this paper we consider duplexes, which are sets with two associative binary operations. Dimonoids in the sense of Loday are examples of duplexes. The set of all permutations carries a structure of a duplex. Our main result asserts that it is a free duplex with an explicitly described set of generators. The proof uses a construction of the free duplex with one generator by planary trees.     

Dual pairs and Kostant-Sekiguchi correspondence. II. Classification of nilpotent elements

We classify the homogeneous nilpotent orbits in certain Lie color algebras and specialize the results to the setting of a real reductive dual pair. For any member of a dual pair, we prove the bijectivity of the two Kostant-Sekiguchi maps by straightforward argument. For a dual pair we determine the correspondence of the real orbits, the correspondence of the complex orbits and explain how these two relations behave under the Kostant-Sekiguchi maps. In particular we prove that for a dual pair in the stable range there is a Kostant-Sekiguchi map such that the conjecture formulated in [6] holds. We also show that the conjecture cannot be true in general.     

Discrete limit theorems for general Dirichlet series. III

Here we prove a limit theorem in the sense of the weak convergence of probability measures in the space of meromorphic functions for a general Dirichlet series. The explicit form of the limit measure in this theorem is given. Partially supported by Lithuanian Foundation of Studies and Science     

Quaternionic geometry of matroids

Building on a recent paper [8], here we argue that the combinatorics of matroids are intimately related to the geometry and topology of toric hyperkähler varieties. We show that just like toric varieties occupy a central role in Stanley’s proof for the necessity of McMullen’s conjecture (or g-inequalities) about the classification of face vectors of simplicial polytopes, the topology of toric hyperkähler varieties leads to new restrictions on face vectors of matroid complexes. Namely in this paper we will give two proofs that the injectivity part of the Hard Lefschetz theorem survives for toric hyperkähler varieties. We explain how this implies the g-inequalities for rationally representable matroids. We show how the geometrical intuition in the first proof, coupled with results of Chari [3], leads to a proof of the g-inequalities for general matroid complexes, which is a recent result of Swartz [20]. The geometrical idea in the second proof will show that a pure O-sequence should satisfy the g-inequalities, thus showing that our result is in fact a consequence of a long-standing conjecture of Stanley.     

Smooth approximations without critical points

In any separable Banach space containing c ₀ which admits a C ^k-smooth bump, every continuous function can be approximated by a C ^k-smooth function whose range of derivative is of the first category. Moreover, the approximation can be constructed in such a way that its derivative avoids a prescribed countable set (in particular the approximation can have no critical points). On the other hand, in a Banach space with the RNP, the range of the derivative of every smooth bounded bump contains a set residual in some neighbourhood of zero.     

Partial decay on simple manifolds

Existence, uniqueness and weighted regularity of solutions of linear and nonlinear second-order uniformly elliptic differential equations on complete punctured compact N-manifolds, N > 2. Application to prescribed curvature problems: scalar curvature in a quasi-isometry class (including a contribution to the Lichnérowicz-York equation of General Relativity); Ricci curvature in a weighted Kähler class (with a related result in equiaffine geometry). A new asymptonic behaviour is allowed throughout, called partial decay, which requires its own maximum principle.Current support: CNRS; partial support; CEE contract GADGET # SC1-0105-C.     

On a family of vector space categories

In continuation of our earlier work [2] we describe the indecomposable representations and the Auslander-Reiten quivers of a family of vector space categories playing an important role in the study of domestic finite dimensional algebras over an algebraically closed field. The main results of the paper are applied in our paper [3] where we exhibit a wide class of almost sincere domestic simply connected algebras of arbitrary large finite global dimensions and describe their Auslander-Reiten quivers.     

On helicoidal ends of minimal surfaces

This article analyzes the behaviour of helicoidal ends of properly embedded minimal surfaces, namely properly embedded infinite total curvature minimal annuli of parabolic type, satisfying a growth condition on the curvature via the Gauss map, and a geometric transversality condition. Then we show that embeddedness forces the end to be asymptotic either to a plane, or a helicoid or a spiraling helicoid. In all three cases, the Gauss map can be described in very simple terms. Finally this local result yields a global corollary stating the rigidity of embedded minimal helicoids.     

Representation of Hilbert algebras and implicative semilattices

In this paper we shall give a topological representation for Hilbert algebras that extend the topological representation given by A. Diego in [4]. For implicative semilattices this representation gives a full duality. We shall also consider the representation for Boolean ring.     

Analysis of customers’ impatience in queues with server vacations

Many models for customers impatience in queueing systems have been studied in the past; the source of impatience has always been taken to be either a long wait already experienced at a queue, or a long wait anticipated by a customer upon arrival. In this paper we consider systems with servers vacations where customers’ impatience is due to an absentee of servers upon arrival. Such a model, representing frequent behavior by waiting customers in service systems, has never been treated before in the literature. We present a comprehensive analysis of the single-server, M/M/1 and M/G/1 queues, as well as of the multi-server M/M/c queue, for both the multiple and the single-vacation cases, and obtain various closed-form results. In particular, we show that the proportion of customer abandonments under the single-vacation regime is smaller than that under the multiple-vacation discipline. This work was supported by the Euro-Ngi network of excellence.     

The geometry of Kato Grassmannians

We discuss Fredholm pairs of subspaces and associated Grassmannians in a Hilbert space. Relations between several existing definitions of Fredholm pairs are established as well as some basic geometric properties of the Kato Grassmannian. It is also shown that the so-called restricted Grassmannian can be endowed with a natural Fredholm structure making it into a Fredholm Hilbert manifold.     

Non-negative scalar curvature

We study topological obstructions to the existence of Riemannian metrics of non-negative scalar curvature on almost spin manifolds using the Dirac operator, the Bochner technique, C ^* algebras and von Neumann algebras. We also derive some obstructions in terms of the eta invariants of Atiyah, Patodi and Singer. Next, we prove vanishing theorems for the Atiyah-Milnor genus. Finally, we derive obstructions to the existence of metrics of non-negative scalar curvature along the leaves of a leafwise non-amenable foliation on a spin manifold.     

Variation of the structure and permeability of tensioned fiber layers during impregnation with a thermoplastic polymer melt

The influence of displacements of tensioned fibers on the impregnation of fibrous layers with a polymer melt and on the final composite structure is studied. Using computer simulation, it is shown that, during impregnation, the structure of tensioned fibrous layers changes considerably depending on the initial arrangement and tensioning of fibers. The consolidated regions formed under the melt front move inside the impregnated layer with the advancing melt front. Displacement of the tensioned fibers as well as the formation of “washouts” favors the impregnation of internal layers, but cause significant inhomogeneity of the polymer structure. The surface (on the side of the melt flow) regions are more saturated with the polymer than the internal ones. A difference in the melt percolation mechanisms at various impregnation regimes is revealed. The effective permeability coefficients of a tensioned fiber layer are not constant but depend on the conditions and regimes of impregnation. Submitted to the 11th Conference on the Mechanics of Composite Materials (Riga, June 11–15, 2000). Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 259–270, March–April, 2000.     

On Macbeath-Singerman symmetries of Belyi surfaces with PSL(2,p) as a group of automorphisms

The famous theorem of Belyi states that the compact Riemann surface X can be defined over the number field if and only if X can be uniformized by a finite index subgroup Γ of a Fuchsian triangle group Λ. As a result such surfaces are now called Belyi surfaces. The groups PSL(2,q),q=p ⁿ are known to act as the groups of automorphisms on such surfaces. Certain aspects of such actions have been extensively studied in the literature. In this paper, we deal with symmetries. Singerman showed, using acertain result of Macbeath, that such surfaces admit a symmetry which we shall call in this paper the Macbeath-Singerman symmetry. A classical theorem by Harnack states that the set of fixed points of a symmetry of a Riemann surface X of genus g consists of k disjoint Jordan curves called ovals for some k ranging between 0 and g+1. In this paper we show that given an odd prime p, a Macbetah-Singerman symmetry of Belyi surface with PSL(2,p) as a group of automorphisms has at most     

Miura opers and critical points of master functions

Critical points of a master function associated to a simple Lie algebra come in families called the populations [11]. We prove that a population is isomorphic to the flag variety of the Langlands dual Lie algebra . The proof is based on the correspondence between critical points and differential operators called the Miura opers. For a Miura oper D, associated with a critical point of a population, we show that all solutions of the differential equation DY=0 can be written explicitly in terms of critical points composing the population. Supported in part by NSF grant DMS-0140460 Supported in part by NSF grant DMS-0244579     

Local properties of the solution set of the operator equation in Banach spaces in a neighbourhood of a bifurcation point

In this work we study the problem of the existence of bifurcation in the solution set of the equation F(x, λ)=0, where F: X×R ^k →Y is a C ²-smooth operator, X and Y are Banach spaces such that X⊂Y. Moreover, there is given a scalar product 〈·,·〉: Y×Y→R ¹ that is continuous with respect to the norms in X and Y. We show that under some conditions there is bifurcation at a point (0, λ₀)∈X×R ^k and we describe the solution set of the studied equation in a small neighbourhood of this point.     

On the first homology of automorphism groups of manifolds with geometric structures

Hermann and Thurston proved that the group of diffeomorphisms with compact support of a smooth manifold M which are isotopic to the identity is a perfect group. We consider the case where M has a geometric structure. In this paper we shall survey on the recent results of the first homology of the diffeomorphism groups which preserve a smooth G-action or a foliated structure on M. We also work in Lipschitz category. This research was partially supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (No. 16540058), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. This research was partially supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (No. 14540093), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.     

A geometric inequality on mixed volumes

We develop some geometric inequality for a kind of generalized convex set. The integral of (n – 2)-th mean curvature of the generalized convex set, the mixed volume of the convex hull of the set, and a reference convex set are involved in the inequality.Partially supported by grants from Kosef and BSRI-95-1419.     

Existence and nonexistence results for reaction-diffusion equations in product of cones

Problems of existence and nonexistence of global nontrivial solutions to quasilinear evolution differential inequalities in a product of cones are investigated. The proofs of the nonexistence results are based on the test-function method developed, for the case of the whole space, by Mitidieri, Pohozaev, Tesei and Véron. The existence result is established using the method of supersolutions.