圆柱壳纯弯曲时塑性失稳临界曲率半径模型

薄壁管材在等曲率矫直生产中,塑性失稳临界曲率半径作为重要的工艺参数,直接决定了设备结构和产品质量。而目前现场仍沿用经验图表结合人工经验和反复试矫对其进行估定,亟待建立针对性的临界曲率半径数学模型以指导生产。在力学建模和分析时,就是确定具有初始曲率的圆柱壳体在纯弯曲条件下塑性失稳的临界曲率半径,为此从旋转壳体一般几何方程出发,基于J2形变理论和能量理论,运用里茨法建立了圆柱壳体在纯弯曲条件下塑性失稳时的临界弯矩,以此确定了临界曲率半径模型,并给出了数值解法。应用ANSYS/LS-DYNA进行了有限元动态仿真试验,证明了模型是近似正确的,并通过仿真对比分析证明了轴向起皱先于截面畸变是圆柱壳体在纯弯曲条件下塑性失稳的主要模态。     

圆锯片辊压适张后应力分布的有限元分析

分析了圆锯片辊压适张后的应力分布,并与国产圆锯片辊压适张后X射线衍射法的实验结果进行了对比,考虑到特定辊压工艺和不同锯片材质对适张效果的影响,以弹性力学中接触理论为基础,应用ANSYS软件的塑性分析法,建立了适张后应力状态的弹塑性分析模型。该模型引入影响辊压适张度的主要因素：锯片基材塑性应力应变关系,辊轮结构、转速,以及辊压载荷、位置和次数,结果表明应力分布的有限元计算结果与实验结果比较一致。     

径向惯性对薄壁圆管中弹塑性复合应力波传播的影响

弹塑性压扭复合应力波在薄壁管中的传播特性,已得到较为深入的研究,但为得到简单波解,大部分研究忽略了薄壁圆管中与径向惯性有关的周向应力σθ的影响。该文采用便于动态数值方法应用的增量型弹塑性本构关系,应用有限差分数值方法,计算了考虑径向惯性效应的弹塑性薄壁管中复合应力波的演化规律和传播特性,并与无径向惯性效应的计算结果作了对比,结果表明薄壁管中的径向惯性效应对弹塑性复合应力的传播有较大的影响。     

FRP约束钢管混凝土柱轴力-弯矩相关关系研究

为了建立FRP(Fiber Reinforced Polymer)约束钢管混凝土压弯构件轴力-弯矩相关关系曲线,分析组合结构中各组份对柱体压弯性能的影响,建立了FRP约束钢管混凝土截面分析计算模型,考虑不同FPR-钢复合约束程度和荷载偏心率对混凝土本构的影响。与现有CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer)-钢管混凝土压弯试验结果对比,验证了模型的合理性。对模型开展参数分析,结果表明,FRP约束混凝土压弯性能主要受环向FRP影响,环向FRP层数的增加在提高柱体轴压承载力的同时可有效降低其界限偏心率,提高大偏心状态下柱体的轴压比;纵向FRP层数仅会影响柱体承载力,对其界限偏心率及大偏心受压状态下的轴压比影响不显著;随着环向FRP约束程度的提高,柱体对P-Δ效应的敏感性增强。     

溶蚀岩体随机结构模型建立及其在岩体渗漏评价中的应用

针对中小规模裂隙和溶蚀洞穴造成的溶蚀岩体渗漏 ,本文提出了溶蚀岩体渗漏评价的一种新思路 :首先对现场开挖所揭露的有限的裂隙和溶蚀洞穴观测资料进行统计分析 ,利用统计分析结果建立溶蚀岩体随机结构模型 ;然后根据随机结构模型所反映出的裂隙和溶蚀洞穴有关参数计算渗透参数 ;最后结合区域水力学条件计算岩体渗漏量。多次模拟后可以得到渗漏量的分布规律。其中 ,建立合理的随机结构模型是关系本方法成败的关键 ,文中给出了建立溶蚀岩体随机结构模型的步骤 ,提供了随机模拟的编程思路和程序框图 ,并结合具体的工程实例对该方法的应用前景进行了讨论     

压弯作用下焊接空心球节点抗弯刚度研究

焊接空心球节点在大跨度空间结构中的应用越来越广泛。为了深入研究压弯作用下焊接空心球节点的抗弯刚度,采用正交设计法设计了6组12个试件,对试件进行压弯试验,绘制节点的弯矩-转角曲线,并计算得到焊接空心球节点的抗弯刚度。运用有限元软件ABAQUS建立压弯作用下焊接空心球节点模型,采用线性强化应力-应变关系,考虑非线性影响,将试验测量和有限元模拟得到的抗弯刚度进行对比分析,验证有限元模型的准确性。再以有限元模型为基础,计算各个参数对焊接空心球节点抗弯刚度的影响,并通过回归分析提出压弯作用下焊接空心球节点抗弯刚度计算公式。结果表明:管径与球径之比对压弯作用下焊接空心球节点抗弯刚度的影响最大,球壁厚的影响次之,偏心距的影响最小;提出的压弯作用下焊接空心球节点抗弯刚度计算公式较为准确。     

基于参数变分原理的Cosserat连续体弹塑性分析

基于参数变分原理,提出了Cosserat模型弹塑性计算的算法,给出了基于Cosserat理论的参数最小势能原理,基于所提出的变分方程,建立了Cosserat理论弹塑性分析的参数二次规划模型,进一步将算法应用于平面应变软化问题计算中,获得的结果具有良好的非网格依赖性.     

抗震结构弹塑性变形能力可靠度时域随机算法

采用杆系-层模型，将计算结构静力可靠度的改进的JC法、常规有限元法及时程分析法相结合，建立了抗震结构弹塑性变形能力可靠度时域随机算法。本文方法可充分考虑结构参数及地震作用的随机性以及地震作用与静载的共同影响；可对结构侧向变形能力作地震全过程弹塑性时变可靠度分析。采用本文方法及MC模拟算法分析了一榀三层铪框架侧向变形能力弹塑性时变可靠度，结果表明了本文方法的合理性与有效性。     

钢筋混凝土双肢剪力墙静力弹塑性分析

建立了由墙肢单元模型、连粱单元模型和连接单元模型组成的钢筋混凝土双肢剪力墙的静力弹塑性分析计算模型。墙肢单元采用以有限元为基础的宏模型;按是否出现对角线剪切破坏,分别建立短连粱计算模型和长连粱计算模型;为计及连粱与墙肢连接界面的相对位移,建立用复合弹簧模拟的连接单元计算模型;给出了确定模型参数的方法。对有关文献的短连粱和长连粱双肢剪力墙试件进行了静力弹塑性分析,分析结果与试验结果符合较好。     

岩体结构面非线性弹性-塑性软化本构模型研究

在总结评述现有岩体结构面本构模型的基础上,将非线性弹性模型和弹塑性模型结合起来,并采用起伏角磨损演化方程来定量描述结构面的磨损软化,建立了岩体结构面非线性弹性-塑性软化本构模型.利用新建立的模型对岩体结构面直剪试验进行了预测,模型预测结果与试验结果吻合良好,验证了模型的有效性和模拟能力.该模型概念清晰,参数易于确定,能够合理描述岩体结构面的非线性变形、塑性软化、弹塑性耦合、剪胀和磨损等主要力学特性.     

Combined stress waves with phase transition in thin-walled tubes简

The incremental constitutive relation and governing equations with combined stresses for phase transition wave propagation in a thin-walled tube are established based on the phase transition criterion considering both the hydrostatic pressure and the deviatoric stress. It is found that the centers of the initial and subsequent phase transition ellipses are shifted along the σ-axis in the στ-plane due to the tension-compression asymmetry induced by the hydrostatic pressure. The wave solution offers the "fast" and "slow" phase transition waves under combined longitudinal and torsional stresses in the phase transition region. The results show some new stress paths and wave structures in a thin-walled tube with phase transition, differing from those of conventional elastic-plastic materials.     

The application of graph theory to the limit analysis for torsion of thin-walled bars with complex cross-sections

Graph theory is employed in this paper as a means to establish the topological model of complex thin-walled cross-sections. On this basis, the upper and lower bound theorems of the plastic limit analysis are applied to the analysis of the plastic limit shear flows on the cross-section of thin-walled bars under St. Venant torsion. Corresponding mathematical programming problems are formulated and their duality is shown. After solving the linear programming problem corresponding to the lower bound theorem, the limit torsional moment of a thin-walled cross-section can be calculated according to the shear stress distribution in the limit state. The formula for calculating the limit torsional moment is given. Furthermore, the limit state of thin-walled cross-sections under St. Venant torsion is also discussed and the concept of the limit tree is introduced. A computer program has been developed by the author. Results calculated by the program for typical complex cross-sections are given.     

薄壁管预扭冲击拉伸实验装置的研制

材料在复合应力下的拉压或扭转行为常常与单轴拉压或者单轴扭转应力下不同,拉压以及扭转常体现出相互影响的特点。而复合应力下的塑性波可以有效地反映材料在复合应力下的本构行为特点。本文通过对霍普金森压杆进行改造,建立了一套薄壁管预扭冲击拉伸的实验装置,可以在薄壁管内产生拉扭耦合塑性波,并对率相关材料304不锈钢进行了薄壁管预扭拉伸实验研究,得到了该材料的拉扭耦合塑性波。结果表明,304不锈钢薄壁管的拉扭耦合塑性波具有明显的耦合快波和耦合慢波的双波结构,并且快波慢波之间没有恒值区间隔。同时也表明,该装置可以实现预期效果,并且可以有效避免薄壁管屈曲的产生。     

局部屈曲FRP增强薄壁钢管混凝土抗震性能

为了研究FRP(Fiber Reinforced Polymer)增强薄壁钢管混凝土的抗震机理,提出FRP约束钢管局部屈曲应力-应变关系并建立FRP约束钢管恢复力模型,在此基础上建立FRP增强薄壁钢管混凝土柱滞回模型,开展FRP增强薄壁钢管混凝土柱拟静力试验以验证滞回模型的合理性,同时考查FRP布置方式对柱体抗震性能的影响,利用滞回模型对FRP增强薄壁钢管混凝土的耗能机理进行分析。研究表明,薄壁钢管局部屈曲所导致的强度退化是柱体抗震性能劣化的主要原因,基于纤维力学特性合理设计FRP的增强方式可有效提升柱体的抗震性能。CFRP宜采用环向约束方式抑制薄壁钢管的局部屈曲;GFRP宜采用纵向抗弯方式提高柱体大变形下的承载能力。FRP增强薄壁钢管混凝土的耗能主要由钢管承担,在本文研究参数范围内,薄壁钢管耗能占比超过80%,混凝土耗能介于10%～20%,纵向FRP耗能小于8%,对薄壁钢管实施有效约束后,其耗能可提高40%以上。     

薄壁钢管再生混凝土轴压实验研究

通过对9个薄壁圆钢管再生混凝土短柱和9个薄壁方钢管再生混凝土短柱进行的轴压试验研究,比较了三种方法测定试件轴向变形的差异,分析了不同取代率和不同截面形式薄壁钢管再生混凝土的破坏变形特征,并运用不同设计规程对薄壁钢管再生混凝土的承载力强度进行了计算分析。得出薄壁钢管再生混凝土的变形破坏形式与普通薄壁钢管混凝土相似,及再生混凝土取代率对试件极限承载力和变形能力有一定影响的结论。另外根据计算比较,得到各规程在计算薄壁钢管再生混凝土极限承载力时的适用性。     

鹿角骨单位仿生薄壁管斜向冲击耐撞性研究

为提高薄壁管结构的耐撞性和吸能性,基于鹿角骨单位结构特征,结合结构仿生学原理设计出内径相同、外径等梯度逐层递减的仿生薄壁管。采用有限元法对75种仿生薄壁管结构进行10°、20°、30°等3种斜向冲击角度的吸能特性模拟;通过多项式回归元模型和多目标粒子群优化算法进行优化,以Pareto前沿最优原则得到各目标最优化的配置方案;采用最小距离选择法进行优化分析,得到各配置方案的最优结构设计参数。结果表明:仅考虑单一冲击角度时,在10°、20°、30°冲击角度下的仿生薄壁管耐撞性最优的仿生层数n均为6,最大壁厚与厚度梯度值参数组合t_max-a分别为2.84 mm-0.38 mm、2.89 mm-0.29 mm、2.91 mm-0.34 mm;综合考虑多种冲击角度权重因数不同配置方案时,仿生薄壁管耐撞性最优的仿生层数n均为6,最大壁厚与厚度梯度值参数组合t_max-a分别为2.95 mm-0.28 mm、2.92 mm-0.30 mm、2.85 mm-0.33 mm。     

Asymptotic analysis of the non-linear behavior of long anisotropic tubes

An asymptotically correct beam model is obtained for a long, thin-walled, circular tube with circumferentially uniform stiffness (CUS) and made of generally anisotropic materials. By virtue of its special geometry certain small parameters cause unusual non-linear phenomena, such as the Brazier effect, to be exhibited. The model is constructed without ad hoc approximations from 3D elasticity by deriving its strain energy functional in terms of generalized 1D strains corresponding to extension, bending, and torsion. Large displacement and rotation are allowed but strain is assumed to be small. Closed-form expressions are provided for the 3D non-linear warping and stress fields, the 1D non-linear stiffness matrix and the bending moment–curvature relationship. In bending, failure could be caused by limit-moment instability, local buckling or material failure of a ply. A procedure to determine the failure load is provided based on the non-linear response, neglecting micro-mechanical failure modes, post-failure behavior, and hygrothermal effects. Asymptotic considerations lead to the neglect of local shell interlaminar and transverse shear stresses for the thin-walled configuration. Results of the theory are illustrated for a few symmetric, antisymmetric angle-ply and unsymmetric layups and show that some previously published theories are not asymptotically correct.     

Time-independent anisotropic plastic behavior by mechanical subelement models

The paper describes a procedure for modelling the anisotropic elastic-plastic behavior of metals in plane stress state by the mechanical sub-layer model. In this model the stress-strain curves along the longitudinal and transverse directions are represented by short smooth segments which are considered as piecewise linear for simplicity. The model is incorporated in a finite element analysis program which is based on the assumed stress hybrid element and the viscoplasticity theory.     

An Analysis of Professor J.F. Bell's Research on the Finite Twist and Extension of Thin-walled Polycrystalline Cylindrical Tubes

Professor J.F. Bell's empirical result regarding the rotation factor in the polar decomposition of the deformation gradient for the finite twist–extension of a thin-walled polycrystalline cylindrical metal tube is examined. The correct expression for the rotation is derived and used to show how Bell's result should be interpreted. Some implications for his incremental plasticity equations are also discussed. In particular, they are shown to satisfy appropriate invariance requirements when cast in terms of the variables actually measured by Bell in his experiments. Further consequences of his equations consistent with his data are also derived. Finally, it is shown that his theory furnishes a consistent constitutive statement about the response of isotropic solids provided that the Cauchy stress is constrained to be symmetric.