New derivatives of (?)-neocembrene from the soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum

A hexane extract of the soft coralSarcophyton trocheliophorum has yielded two new diterpenoids for which the structures of 13S-hydroxy-(–)-neocembrene and 13S-hydroxy-11,12-epoxy-(–)-neocembrene have been established.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 535–540, July–August, 1988.     

Chemical and immunochemical characterization of the lipopolysaccharides of Yersinia kristensenii serovars 0:12,25; 0:12,26; and 0:25,35

A comparative and immunochemical characterization of the lipopolysaccharides of three serovars ofY. kristensenii has been performed and the ratios of the monosaccharides have been established. The results of the immunochemical investigations confirmed the serotyping of the microorganisms.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 335–338, May–June, 1988.     

Phenolic compounds of the bark of Pinus sibirica

Summary Dihydroquercetin, quercetin, (+)-catechin, and protocatechuic, vanillic, p-coumaric, caffeic, and ferulic acids have been isolated from an ethereal extract of the bark ofPinus sibirica.Forest and Timber Institute, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Institute of Plant Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 15–17, January, 1971.     

Crystal and molecular structure of the sesquiterpene humulane ester juniferdin

The spatial structure of the sesquiterpene humulane ester juniferdin, isolated fromFerula juniperina, has been established by the x-ray structural method. An analysis is given of the 11-membered humulane ring in comparison with the conformation observed in fexerol and juniferol.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Institute of Crystallography, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinii, No. 4, pp. 494–499, July–August, 1991.     

Intraspecies chemical variability of the essential oil of Ledum palustre

The compositions of the essential oils of marsh tea,Ledum palustre L., from the southern regions of Tomsk, Transbaikalia and Amur province, and also from the southern part of the island of Sakhalin have been analyzed in detail. The results obtained indicate the sharply pronounced intraspecies chemical variability of this plant. In addition to the chemotype of march tea with myrcene as a macrocomponent which is widely distributed in the European part of the USSR, another three chemotypes with the macrocomponents limonene, sabinen, and p-cymene have been revealed.Tomsk State Medical Institute. Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 472–480, July–August, 1990.     

The esterase and peptidase activities of an elastolytic enzyme of Actinomyces rimosus

Summary 1. It has been shown that the values of K_m for the esterase activity of elastase ofActinomyces rimosus and for pancreatic elastase are of the same order of magnitude.2. The elastase ofActinomyces rimosus, unlike the pancreatic enzyme, is capable of hydrolyzing only the methyl ester of N-acetyltrialanine, and not the mono and di derivatives.3. It has been found that in the initial stage of the hydrolysis reaction it is mainly the ester bonds that are cleaved.Institute of Molecular Biology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. N. D. Zelinskii Institute of Organic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 693–695, September–October, 1977.     

Triterpene glycosides of Gypsophila patrinii III. The structure of philoside B

Summary The structure of philoside B — a gypsogenin nonaoside isolated from the roots ofGypsophila patrinii — has been established.A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan'Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Correspondence Institute of Soviet Commerce. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 603–607, September–October, 1974.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Phospholipid and fatty acid composition of Echinodermata. I. ClassOphiuroidea

The phospholipid compositions of five species of marine ophiuroids belonging to the classOphiuroidea have been investigated. It has been shown that the phosphatidylethanolamines contain almost solely ether bonds in the first position of the glycerophospholipids. The amount of the plasmalogen form in the phosphatidylethanolamines averages 89.8% (82.3–96.2%) and the amount of the alkyl form 9.8% (3.8–17.7%). The compositions of the fatty acids, fatty aldehydes, and alkyl ethers in the two main classes of phospholipids — phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine — have been studied. The main acids found were eicosatetraenoic and eicosapentaenoic, the total amount of which was 53%. It has been shown that the ophiuroids can be used as promising objects for the investigation of the metabolism of alkoxylipids and for their preparative isolation.Volga Basin Ecological Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Tol'yatti. Translated from Khimya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 547–551, September–October, 1986.     

Mass spectra of polyhydrosysteroids of the starfishPatiria pectinifera

The electron-impact fragmentation of six polyhydroxysteroids from the starfishPatiria pectinifera, including three glycosides, has been studied. In addition to the directions of fragmentation that are characteristic for sterols from other sources and for steroid compounds of other classes, fragments have been found that result from the unusual arrangement of hydroxy groups in the molecules of the samples investigated. Two breakdown pathways of the furanose ring have been found in the spectra of the glycosides.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek, SSR, Tashkent. Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioogranic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 361–367, May–June, 1985.     

Triterpene glycosides of Dianthus deltoides II. Structure of dianthoside C

Summary The structure of dianthoside C — a triterpene glycoside fromDianthus deltoides L. — has been established.A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 420–425, July–August, 1971.     

Triterpene glycosides of Gypsophila patrinii II. The structure of philoside A

Summary From the roots ofGypsophila patrinii two high-molecular-weight triterpene glycosides have been isolated — philosides A and B. The structure of philoside A has been established; it is a gypsogenin nonaoside.A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan' Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Correspondence Institute of Soviet Commerce. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 598–603, September–October, 1974.     

The structure of nutanoside

Summary The complete structure of nutanoside — a triterpene glycoside isolated from the roots ofSilene nutans L. — has been established.A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 412–416, July–August, 1971.     

Insect pheromones and their analogues

Pheromone components of insects of the generaHeliothis andMamestra have been synthesized with the use of functionally differentiated ozonolysis of cyclododecene.Institute of Chemistry, Bashkir Scientific Center, Urals Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 132–135, January–February, 1991.     

Insect pheromones and their analogs I. Synthesis of the sex attractant of the codling moth

Summary The synthesis of the sex attractant of the codling mothLaspeyresia pomonella has been performed using as the initial compounds linear dimers of butadiene with methyl acrylate.Institute of Chemistry, Bashkir Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 125–127, January–February, 1978.     

Chemical investigation ofHippopha? rhamnoides. II. Main components of the neutral reaction of the saponification products of an extract of the leaves of the sea buckthorn

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the neutral fraction of the products of the saponification of a diethyl ether extract of a sea buckthorn leaves have been investigated. Fourteen triterpene compounds and eight aliphatic alcohols have been identified from the results of GLC, CMS, and PMR and also from their melting points.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Novosibirsk. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 514–519, July–August, 1985.     

Lipid complex of Peganum harmala

The lipid complex of the seeds ofPeganum harmala (fam. Zygophyllaceae) has been investigated. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the neutral lipids and the phospholipids have been studied. The fatty acid compositions of the acyl-containing lipids have been determined and it has been shown that in the triacylglycerols and phosphatidylethanolamines the sn-2 position is esterified mainly by linoleic acid.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 625–627, November–December, 1992.     

Structure of a new triterpenoid from the bark of the Siberian larch

Sesquiterpene compounds of the furanoeremophilane series have been isolated from extracts of the roots ofCacalia sp. growing in the Soviet Far East. The presence of antioxidant and antiradical activities in two representatives of the series has been established.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 643–646, September–October, 1989.