第一个含桥基大环配体的CuⅡ-CoⅡ-CuⅡ异三核配合物的合成和结构

报道了结构新颖的异三核配合物[Co{Cu(μ-L>(N₃)₂}₂(H₂0)₂]·2H₂O的合成和晶体结构(H₂L:2,3-二羰基-1, 4, 8, 11-四氮杂十四烷).三核配合物由含有草酰胺外延桥基的大环铜(Ⅱ)配合物作为"配合物配体"与金属钴离子(Ⅱ)反应得到.晶体属单斜晶系,P2(l)/c空间群.a=0.77172(4) nm, b=1.531 30(3) nm, c=1.47298(7) nm,β=98.540(2)°, V=1.72137(13) nm³,Z=2,R=0.0843.晶体中包含三核配合物单元和溶剂水分子,并通过分子间氢键连成一维链状结构.     

磷光环金属化铱(Ⅲ)配合物在癌症治疗方面的应用

配位饱和且取代惰性的环金属化铱（Ⅲ）配合物由于优秀的磷光特性,在生物成像和生物传感等方面有着广泛的应用。近年来,该类铱配合物由于有效的抗肿瘤效力和新颖的抗肿瘤机制,在抗肿瘤方面的应用也引起了广泛关注。本文主要对磷光环金属化铱（Ⅲ）配合物（结构通式为[Ir（C^N）₂（N^N）]⁺）在抗癌化疗和光动力治疗两方面的最新研究进展进行了综述;分类总结了靶向不同细胞器,作为蛋白-蛋白相互作用抑制剂,以及应用于单光子和双光子光动力治疗的环金属化铱（Ⅲ）配合物,为开发新型金属抗肿瘤药物提供参考。最后,对环金属化铱（Ⅲ）配合物在抗癌应用方面的前景进行了展望。     

Pd和Hg共掺杂的金属纳米团簇HgPdAu23(PET)18

异金属原子引入原子精确的金属纳米团簇是调控团簇物理化学性质的有效手段,目前报道的异金属原子掺杂团簇大多数是单个金属原子掺入金属团簇中形成的二元金属纳米团簇,而两个异金属原子同时掺入同一个金属团簇中形成三元金属纳米团簇的报道较少.本工作中,我们报道了Pd和Hg双原子同时掺入Au₂₅(PET)₁₈(PET=苯乙硫醇)团簇中形成HgPdAu₂₃(PET)₁₈新团簇,推测了Pd和Hg在三元金属团簇中最可能的位置,即Pd位于三元金属团簇的内核中心,而Hg原子位于三元金属团簇内核的表面.不同金属种类以及不同的掺杂位置导致了三元金属团簇HgPdAu₂₃(PET)₁₈具有不同于原始团簇Au₂₅(PET)₁₈和二元金属团簇PdAu₂₄(PET)₁₈和HgAu₂₄(PET)₁₈的电子构型.本研究为双金属异原子掺入金属纳米团簇的精准制备提供了新的思...     

用二维核磁共振研究[Co(phen)2(HNAIP)]Cl3配合物与错配及正常寡聚核苷酸的作用

为了开发能识别正常与错配核酸的探针, 首次合成了[Co(phen)₂(HNAIP)]Cl₃金属配合物, 并利用二维核磁研究了此配合物与错配d(CCGAATGAGG)₂及正常d(CCTAATTAGG)₂寡聚核苷酸的相互作用, 首次发现, [Co(phen)₂(HNAIP)]Cl₃是从“大沟”插入到错配碱基对G₃A₄和G₇A₈之间, 能够很好地识别G:A错配; 而[Co(phen)₂(HNAIP)]Cl₃与正常的寡聚核苷酸的作用, 则是从小沟插入, 即[Co(phen)₂(HNAIP)]Cl₃与错配和正常寡聚核苷酸在不同位置及不同沟槽存在明显的插入式结合、并且有明显的差异, 这就有可能被用来作为识别正常与错配寡聚核苷酸的探针.     

金属配合物在双光子荧光探针中的应用研究

金属配合物因其优异的光物理性质,如配位结构可调、好的光稳定性、大的斯托克位移、高的荧光量子产率与长的荧光寿命等, 在生物成像、分子探针、医学影像等领域中备受关注。与单光子吸收相比,双光子吸收的金属配合物因其具有更加优秀的深度分辨率以及低光损伤性等优点,近些年被广泛应用于生物分子的荧光探针和细胞器染料等。本文综述了近年来具有双光子吸收的金属配合物对生物分子(如pH、O₂、HClO、NO、SO₂、GSH、DNA等)的响应检测用于疾病的诊断,以及作为细胞器(如线粒体、溶酶体、脂滴、细胞核等)染料探针用于细胞内动态行为和演化过程的实时示踪研究。最后,针对金属配合物在生物分子探针以及细胞器染料等方面的应用前景进行了分析和探讨。     

甲硝唑药物锰配合物的合成及与DNA的相互作用

以甲硝唑与二价锰盐为原料合成了锰(Ⅱ)配合物[Mn₂(C₆H₉O₃N₃)₂(Ac)₄(H₂O)₂]·6H₂O,并根据元素分析、IR、 UV-Vis、电导率及热失重等方法对配合物进行了性质表征和结构推测。利用光谱分析法及黏度法分析对比了配体甲硝唑及其金属锰配合物与小牛胸腺DNA（ct-DNA）的相互作用,结果表明二者皆以插入方式与DNA相互作用,配体作用力强于配合物。     

稀土-二苯甲酰甲烷、邻菲咯啉固态配合物及其掺杂硅胶共发光效应的光声光谱研究

合成了Eu(Dbm)₃·Phen同核和Eu_0.8Ln_0.2(Dbm)₃·Phen(Ln:Er³⁺,Y³⁺)异核固体配合物微晶粉末及其掺杂的SiO2凝胶样品,在300～800nm范围内测定了其光声光谱.结果表明,配合物Eu_0.8Er_0.2(Dbm)₃·Phen,Eu(Dbm)₃·Phen和Eu_0.8Y_0.2(Dbm)₃·Phen配体吸收处的光声强度依次减弱;而Eu_0.8Y_0.2(Dbm)₃·Phen和Eu(Dbm)₃·Phen配合物掺杂的凝胶则情况相反.研究发现,光声强度与稀土配合物分子中能量传递过程相关,Er³⁺,Y³⁺离子的引入改变了三元配合物的弛豫过程,且配合物在粉末状态和凝胶状态的弛豫历程不尽相同.结合荧光光谱,从无辐射跃迁和辐射跃迁的角度分析了标题化合物在两种不同固体状态下的发光性质.     

DNA分子“光开关”含钌多吡啶络合物细胞摄取、胞内分布及毒性机理研究

DNA作为遗传信息的载体,了解在细胞核内的组装和结构具有非常重要的意义。目前,使用能够与DNA结合的细胞膜渗透性良好的有机荧光分子作为DNA标记探针是实现这一目标的主要手段。自Barton实验室发现阳离子Ru（Ⅱ）络合物[Ru（bpy）₂（dppz）]²⁺（bpy=2,2'-联吡啶,dppz=多吡啶并吩嗪）能够作为DNA分子"光开关"以来,d⁶八面体多吡啶金属络合物与DNA的结合特性及相关研究,尤其是对这类金属络合物作为高灵敏度和结构特异性DNA探针的研究,便吸引了人们极大的关注。由于这类物质较低的膜渗透性,先前多数研究都只是局限于细胞外,活细胞内DNA直接显像成功的实例较为少见。本课题组发现五氯酚（PCP）和另外两类结构不相关的生化试剂能促进Ru（Ⅱ）多吡啶络合物的细胞特别是细胞核的摄取,[Ru（bpy）₂（dppz）]²⁺/PCP之间的协同核摄取机理可能是形成了较稳定的亲脂性离子对复合物。Ru（Ⅱ）络合物的两种对映异构体在活细胞内与DNA结合后表现出了明显的手性选择性。这是我们首次发现通过以形成离子对复合物的方式将DNA分子"光开关"Ru（Ⅱ）络合物转入活细胞核内并维持其"光开关"效应,可为研究将其他潜在的具有生物医疗效应的细胞膜不通透金属络合物转入细胞内提供一种全新的方法。     

多苯并咪唑锰( Ⅱ )配合物的合成及对DNA凝聚的促进作用

以多苯并咪唑配体1,1,4,7,7-五(2-苯并咪唑甲基)-二乙基三胺(DTPB)为主配体, 合成了锰(Ⅱ)配合物[Mn(DTPB)Ac]Ac·8H₂O(1)和[Mn₂(DTPB)(NO₃)₂(H₂O)₂][Mn₂(DTPB)(NO₃)₂(H₂O)(CH₃OH)]·(NO₃)₄·5CH₃OH·H₂O(2), 并对其进行了表征. 利用紫外-可见吸收光谱和黏度实验研究了配合物1和2与DNA的相互作用, 发现这2个配合物均能与DNA结合, 并对配合物与DNA作用的机理进行了探讨. 利用琼脂糖凝胶电泳和直角光散射(RALS)技术研究了配合物1和2促进DNA凝聚的性质. 结果表明, 在近中性条件下2个配合物都能促使DNA凝聚. 利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)观察了不同凝聚体的形态.     

菲咯啉与1-萘甲酸配体共同构筑的多核Ca(Ⅱ)、双核Mn(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、结构及性质

设计、合成了2种配合物：[Ca(Phen)(Nap)₂]_n(1)和[Mn₂(Phen)₂(Nap)₄(H₂O)](2)(Phen=菲咯啉,HNap=1-萘甲酸)。通过红外光谱、元素分析、X射线单晶衍射和热重对其进行了结构表征。测定了配合物的激发光谱、发射光谱,以及配合物对人肺癌细胞(NCI-H460)、人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)、人肝癌细胞(HepG2)的体外抑制活性;利用紫外吸收光谱、荧光分光光度法研究了配合物与小牛胸腺DNA的相互作用。结果表明：配合物1、2的激发光谱和发射光谱具有很好的镜像关系,且配合物2的斯托克斯位移大于配合物1;配合物对3种癌细胞都有较好的抑制作用,但是2更优于1;配合物1和2与小牛胸腺DNA以静电作用发生沟面结合,结合常数分别为5.83×10³和6.46×10³L·mol^-1。     

Preparation and spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of complexes of dibenzo-and dipyrido-substituted 1,4-diazines

The spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of palladium ethylenediamine complexes [Pd(N^N)En]Cl₂ with 1,4-diazine derivatives of o-phenanthroline [(N^N) = dipyrido[a,c]phenazine (dppz), dipyrido[f,h]quinoxaline (dpq)] were studied in comparison with those of the free diimine (N^N) ligands, dibenzo-substituted 1,4-diazines [dibenzo[f,h]quinoxaline (dbq), dibenzo[a,c]phenazine (dbpz)], and cyclometallated dichloride [Pd(C^N)(μ-Cl)]₂ and ethylenediamine [Pd(C^N)En]Cl complexes derived from dibenzo-substituted 1,4-diazines.     

Deep Red Emitting Heteroleptic Ir(III) Complexes that Incorporate Unsymmetrical 4-quinoline Carboxylic Acid Derived Ligands

Six disubstituted ligands based upon 2-(2′-pyridinyl/pyrazinyl)quinoline-4-carboxylic acids have been synthesised, solvent-free, in one step from a range of commercially available isatin derivatives. These species behave as ancillary chelating ligands for Ir(III) complexes of the form [Ir(C^N)₂(N^N)]PF₆ (where C^N=cyclometalating ligand; N^N=2-(2′-pyridinyl/pyrazinyl)quinoline-4-carboxylic acids). An X-ray crystallographic study on one complex shows a distorted octahedral geometry wherein a cis-C,C and trans-N,N coordination mode is observed for the cyclometalating ligands. DFT calculations predicted that variations in N^N ligand from 2,2′-bipyridine to L^{1 – 6} should localise the LUMO on to the Lⁿ ligand and that the complexes are predicted to display MLCT/LLCT character. All complexes displayed luminescence in the deep red part of the visible region (674–679 nm) and emit from triplet states, but with little apparent tuning as a function of L^{1 – 6} . Further time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy supports the participation of these triplet states to the excited state character.     

Synthesis and characterization of heterobimetallic Ni(II)–Zn(II) complexes from bis(2-hydroxy-1 -naphthaldehyde)succinoyldihydrazone

Monometallic zinc(II) and nickel(II) complexes, [Zn(H₂nsh)(H₂O)] (1) and [Ni(H₂nsh)(H₂O)₂] (2), have been synthesized in methanol by template method from bis(2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde)succinoyldihydrazone (H₄nsh). Reaction of monometallic complexes with alternate metal(II) acetates as a transmetallator in 1 : 3 molar ratio resulted in the formation of heterobimetallic complexes [NiZn(nsh)(A)₃] and [ZnNi(nsh)(A′)₂] (A = H₂O (3), py (4), 2-pic (5), 3-pic (6), 4-pic (7)), (A′ = H₂O (8), py (9), 2-pic (10), 3-pic (11), and 4-pic (12)). The complexes have been characterized by elemental analyzes, mass spectra, molar conductance, magnetic moments, electronic, EPR, and IR spectroscopies. All of the complexes are non-electrolytes. Monometallic zinc(II) is diamagnetic while monometallic nickel(II) complex and all heterobimetallic complexes are paramagnetic. The metal centers in heterobimetallic complexes are tethered by dihydrazone and naphthoxo bridging. Zinc(II) is square pyramidal; nickel(II) is six-coordinate distorted octahedral except [ZnNi(nsh)(A)₂], in which nickel(II) has square-pyramidal geometry. The displacement of metal center in monometallic complexes by metal ion has been observed in the resulting heterobimetallic complexes.     

Rheological and photophysical investigations of chromonic-like supramolecular mesophases formed by luminescent iridium(III) ionic complexes in water

Luminescent complexes with general formula [(C^N)₂Ir(N^N)]OCOCH₃, where C^N = 2-phenylpyridine (ppy) and N^N = 2,2?-bipyridine (bpy), self-assemble into ordered ‘soft’ viscous mesophases of chromonic type. By changing the ancillary ligand with 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), a new mesomorphic complex was obtained. The self-assembly into ordered liquid crystalline phases of chromonic type in water was investigated by comprehensive rheological and photophysical studies. By changing the ancillary ligand bpy with phen, assembly into smaller, more symetric aggregates is favoured, resulting in lower viscosity and more dynamic mesophase.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Platinum(IV) Complexes Containing 1-Phenyl-1H-pyrazole and α-Diimine Ligands

The paper deals with the synthesis of a series of cationic [Pt(ppz)₂(N^N)]²⁺ complexes containing deprotonated 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole as cyclometallating (C^N) ligands and α-diimines (N^N) in the form of water-soluble salts with OTf⁻ (trifluoromethanesulfonate) counter ions. These complexes were obtained from cis-[Pt(ppz)₂Cl₂] through chloride ligands substitution with α-diimines. The complexes were identified by means of NMR spectroscopy and their molecular structures were confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The photophysical properties of these complexes were studied in detail. These complexes showed strong luminescence in MeOH/EtOH 1 : 1 glasses at 77 K but were almost non-emitting in MeCN solutions at room temperature. Their emission properties were compared to analogues Ir^III complexes.     

Rhenium(I) Polypyridine Diamine Complexes as Intracellular Phosphorogenic Sensors: Synthesis,Characterization, Emissive Behavior,Biological Properties,and Nitric Oxide Sensing

We report the development of a series of rhenium(I) polypyridine complexes appended with an electron‐rich diaminoaromatic moiety as phosphorogenic sensors for nitric oxide (NO). The diamine complexes [Re(N^N)(CO)₃(py‐DA)][PF₆] (py‐DA=3‐(N‐(2‐amino‐5‐methoxyphenyl)aminomethyl)pyridine; N^N=1,10‐phenanthroline (phen) ( 1 a ), 3,4,7,8‐tetramethyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline (Me₄‐phen) ( 2 a ), 4,7‐diphenyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline (Ph₂‐phen) ( 3 a )) have been synthesized and characterized. In contrast to common rhenium(I) diimines, these diamine complexes were very weakly emissive due to quenching of the triplet metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (³MLCT) emission by the diaminoaromatic moiety through photoinduced electron transfer (PET). Upon treatment with NO, the complexes were converted into the triazole derivatives [Re(N^N)(CO)₃(py‐triazole)][PF₆] (py‐triazole=3‐((6‐methoxybenzotriazol‐1‐yl)methyl)pyridine; N^N=phen ( 1 b ), Me₄‐phen ( 2 b ), Ph₂‐phen ( 3 b )), resulting in significant emission enhancement (I/I₀≈60). The diamine complexes exhibited high reaction selectivity to NO, and their emission intensity was found to be independent on pH. Also, these complexes were effectively internalized by HeLa cells and RAW264.7 macrophages with negligible cytotoxicity. Additionally, the use of complex 3 a as an intracellular phosphorogenic sensor for NO has been demonstrated.     

Modification of Luminescent Iridium(III) Polypyridine Complexes with Discrete Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) Pendants: Synthesis,Emissive Behavior,Intracellular Uptake,and PEGylation Properties

We report the synthesis, characterization, and photophysical properties of a new class of luminescent cyclometalated iridium(III) polypyridine poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) complexes [Ir(N^C)₂(N^N)](PF₆) (HN^C=Hppy (2‐phenylpyridine), N^N=bpy? CONH? PEG1 (bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine; 1 a ), bpy? CONH? PEG3 ( 1 b ); HN^C=Hpq (2‐phenylquinoline), N^N=bpy? CONH? PEG1 ( 2 a ), bpy? CONH? PEG3 ( 2 b ); HN^C=Hpba (4‐(2‐pyridyl)benzaldehyde), N^N=bpy? CONH? PEG1 ( 3 )) and their PEG‐free counterparts (N^N=bpy? CONH? Et, HN^C=Hppy ( 1 c ); HN^C=Hpq ( 2 c )). The cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of these complexes have been investigated by the MTT assay, ICPMS, laser‐scanning confocal microscopy, and flow cytometry. The results showed that the complexes supported by the water‐soluble PEG can act as biological probes and labels with considerably reduced cytotoxicity. Because the aldehyde groups of complex 3 are reactive toward primary amines, the complex has been utilized as the first luminescent PEGylation reagent. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) have been PEGylated with this complex, and the resulting conjugates have been isolated, purified, and their photophysical properties studied. The DNA‐binding and gene‐delivery properties of the luminescent PEI conjugate 3 ‐PEI have also been investigated.     

Metal(II) complexes of bioactive aminonaphthoquinone-based ligand: synthesis,characterization and BSA binding,DNA binding/cleavage,and cytotoxicity studies

An aminonaphthoquinone ligand, L, and its metal complexes of general formula [MLCl₂] {M = Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II)} have been synthesized and characterized by analytical and spectral techniques. Tetrahedral geometry has been assigned to Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes and square planar geometry to Co(II) and Cu(II) complexes on the basis of electronic spectral and magnetic susceptibility data. The binding of complexes with bovine serum albumin (BSA) is relatively stronger than that of free ligand and alters the conformation of the protein molecule. Interaction of these complexes with CT-DNA has been investigated using UV-Vis and fluorescence quenching experiments, which show that the complexes bind strongly to DNA through intercalative mode of binding (K_app 10⁵ M^?1). Molecular docking studies reiterate the mode of binding of these compounds with DNA, proposed by spectral studies. The ligand and its complexes cleave plasmid DNA pUC18 to nicked (Form II) and linear (Form III) forms in the presence of H₂O₂ oxidant. The in vitro cytotoxicity screening shows that Cu(II) complex is more potent against MCF-7 cells and Zn(II) complex exhibits marked cytotoxicity against A-549 cells equal to that of cisplatin. Cell imaging studies suggested apoptosis mode of cell death in these two chosen cell lines.     

Influence of the Side‐Chain Length on the Cellular Uptake and the Cytotoxicity of Rhenium Triscarbonyl Derivatives: A Bimodal Infrared and Luminescence Quantitative Study

Rhenium triscarbonyl complexes fac‐[Re(CO)₃(N^N)] with appropriate ancillary N^N ligands are relevant for fluorescent bio‐imaging. Recently, we have shown that [Re(CO)₃] cores can also be efficiently mapped inside cells using their IR signature and that they can thus be used in a bimodal approach. To describe them we have coined the term SCoMPIs for single‐core multimodal probes for imaging. In the context of the use of these SCoMPIs in bio‐imaging, the questions of their cellular uptake and cytotoxicity are critical. We report here a series of compounds derived from the [Re(CO)₃Cl(pyta)] core (pyta=4‐(2‐pyridyl)‐1,2,3‐triazole). The pyta ligand is of interest because it can be easily functionalized. Aliphatic side chains (C₄, C₈, and C₁₂) were appended to this core. A correlative study involving IR and luminescence was performed to monitor and quantify their cellular internalization. We studied the relationship between lipophilicity (log P(o/w)), cytotoxicity (IC₅₀), and cellular uptake, and we showed that both uptake and cytotoxicity increase with the length of the side chain, with a higher uptake for the C₁₂ derivative. This study stresses the distinction that has to be made between apparent toxicity, determined as an incubation concentration IC₅₀, and intrinsic toxicity. Indeed, the intrinsic toxicity of a compound can remain hidden if it is not cell permeable. Therefore it must be kept in mind that IC₅₀ values are composite values, reflecting both cellular uptake and intrinsic toxicity.     

Strongly Phosphorescent Neutral Rhenium(I) Isocyanoborato Complexes: Synthesis,Characterization, and Photophysical,Electrochemical, and Computational Studies

A new series of neutral isocyanoborato rhenium(I) diimine complexes [Re(CO)₃(N^N)(CNBR₃)], where N^N=bpy, 4,4′‐Me₂bpy, phen, 4,7‐Me₂phen, 2,9‐Me₂phen, 3,4,7,8‐Me₄phen; R=C₆F₅, C₆H₅, Cl, 4‐ClC₆H₄, 3,5‐(CF₃)₂C₆H₃, with various isocyanoborate and diimine ligands of diverse electronic and steric nature have been synthesized and characterized. The X‐ray crystal structures of six complexes have also been determined. These complexes displayed intense bluish green to yellow phosphorescence at room temperature in dichloromethane solution. The photophysical and electrochemical properties of these complexes had been investigated. To elucidate the electronic structures and transitions of these complexes, DFT and TD‐DFT calculations have been performed, which revealed that the lowest‐energy electronic transition associated with these complexes originates from a mixture of MLCT [dπ(Re)→π*(N^N)] and LLCT [π(CNBR₃)→π*(N^N)] transitions.