A study of using luminophore-doped silica nanoparticles as fluorescent probe in protein microarray assay

A convenient method for the synthesis of tris(2,2′-bipyridyl) dichlororuthenium(II) hexahydrate-doped amino-modified double-layer silica nanoparticles is presented in this paper. The synthesized nanoparticles are uniform and photostable, and can be well dispersed in a water solution. Proteins could be directly immobilized onto these nanoparticles by a simple coupling process without losing their biological activities. These nanoparticles were further used as fluorescent probes in protein microarray assay for the quantitative detection of protein. The results obtained by these nanoparticles, with the detection limit of as low as 3.5 μg/mL, were much better than those involving the use of conventional FITC probe. Translated from Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2006, 34(9): 1227–1230 (in Chinese)     

Development of Analytical Chemistry in the Latter Half of the 20th Century (Scientometric Analysis)

Based on publications in Analytical Chemistry and Zhurnal Analiticheskoi Khimii and abstracts of Pittsburgh conferences, changes in analytical chemistry in the latter half of the 20th century are followed. It is noted that interest in the development of separation techniques and the analysis of environmental and biological samples has considerably increased. A direct scientometric analysis of the contents of publications is used in these scientometric studies.     

Kinetic analysis of interaction between lipopolysaccharide and biomolecules

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major component of the outer membrane of all gram-negative bacteria. It interacts with some biomolecules and triggers a toxic reaction. In this paper, we studied the interaction between LPS from Salmonella Minnesota and some biomolecules using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor. Biomolecules were immobilized on a CM5 sensor chip using the amino coupling method and LPS was injected over the immobilized surfaces. The affinity constant K_A of LPS with serum albumin, hemoglobin, chitosan and lysozyme was 2.36 × 10⁷, 2.03 × 10⁸, 7.58 × 10⁶, 2.82 × 10⁴ L·mol⁻¹, respectively. However, LPS could not interact with ferritin. __________ Translated from Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2007, 35(5): 677–680 [译自: 分析化学]     

On the ordering of benzenoid chains and cyclo-polyphenacenes with respect to their numbers of Clar aromatic sextets

Based on Clar aromatic sextet theory [Clar, The Aromatic Serxtet (Wiley, New York, 1972)] and the concept of sextet polynomial introduced by Hosoya and Yamaguchi [Mathematical Concepts in Organic Chemistry (Springer, Berlin, 1986)], we define a new ordering of benzenoid systems. For two isomeric benzenoid systems B₁ and B₂, we say B₁>B₂ if each coefficient of sextet polynomial of B₁ is no less than the corresponding coefficient of sextet polynomial of B₂. In this paper, we consider the ordering of the benzenoid chains. The maximal and second maximal benzenoid chains as well as the minimal, the second minimal up to the fourth minimal benzenoid chains are determined. Furthermore, under this ordering, we determine the maximal and second maximal cyclo-polyphenacenes as well as the minimal, the second minimal, and up to the seventh minimal cyclo-polyphenacenes.     

Affinity labeling coupled with matrix assistant laser desorption tandem time of flight mass spectrometry for quantitative proteomics research

A relative quantitative method for differential proteomics by cleavable isotope-coded affinity tag (cICAT) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization tandem timeof-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) was established. The accuracy and reproducibility of the method were evaluated by bovine serum albumin (BSA) digest as having a relative standard deviation of less than 30% and good reproducibility. The dynamic range was also evaluated by analyzing two mixtures of several standard proteins with different concentration. The experimental results showed that in the dynamic range of 1:30, the quantitation error of the method was less than 30%. Although the quantitation error becomes very large when used beyond this range, it does not affect the derivation of information on the differential proteins. All the work provides an alternative method for differential proteomics analysis in biological samples from different origins. __________ Translated from Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2006, 34(7): 899–904 [译自: 分析化学]     

Preface - Pacifichem '95 Meeting(1)

Issues 4 and 5 of Applied Organometallic Chemistry, vol. 11, 1997 consist of papers based on work presented at two Symposia held at the Pacifichem '95 Meeting in Honalulu, Hawaii. The papers published here were reviewed by the normal process of the Journal and are not verbatim accounts of the presentations themselves.     

Accurate measurement of neodymium isotopic composition using Neptune MC-ICP-MS

This paper reports the measurement of the Neodymium isotopic composition by Neptune Multiple Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) over the last two years. Although there is concomitant Cerium in the chemical separation process, this has no significant influence on the Neodymium analysis. As for the sample containing small amounts of Samarium (Sm/Nd < 0.04), direct calibration for isobaric interference and mass discrimination by the exponential law can be obtained by assuming that Samarium mass discrimination is the same as that of Neodymium. Geological samples after traditional chemical separation were measured by Neptune MC-ICP-MS and Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS) respectively. The results show that Neptune MC-ICP-MS can measure Neodymium isotopic composition as precisely the TIMS does and is even more effective and less time-consuming than the TIMS Method. __________ Translated from Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2007, 35(1): 71–74 [译自: 分析化学]     

Chemistry and a Theoretical Model of Science: On the Occasion of a Recent Debate with the Christies

In the philosophy of chemistry a view is developed according to which laws of nature and scientific theories are peculiar in chemistry. This view was criticized in an earlier issue of the Foundations of Chemistry (Vihalemm, Foundation of Chemistry 5(1): 7–22, 2003) referring to an essay by Maureen and John Christie (Christie and Christie, in N. Bushan and S. Rosenfeld (Eds.), Of Minds and Molecules: New Philosophical Perspectives on Chemistry. Oxford University Press, New York, 2000, pp. 34–50). This criticism was responded by the Christies (Christie and Christie, Foundations of Chemistry 5(2): 165–177, 2003). In the present article the debate is continued. The main issues which need to be elucidated in order to carry the analysis forward are pointed out and discussed. The relevance of a theoretical model of science for the philosophy of chemistry is stressed.     

Interplay of thermochemistry and Structural Chemistry,the journal (volume 20, 2009) and the discipline

In the current review, the content of the journal Structural Chemistry for the calendar year 2009 is related to thermochemistry. To a short summary of each paper in this journal, a thermochemical comment is added.     

Interplay of thermochemistry and Structural Chemistry,the Journal (volume 22, 2011, issues 1–3) and the discipline

In the current review of the journal Structural Chemistry, the content of the first three issues for the calendar year 2011 is related to thermochemistry. Each paper is summarized and followed by a short thermochemical comment.     

1.1 Fundamental, methods, apparatus, reagents, automation, data processing

Abstracts1 General Analytical Chemistry

1.1 Fundamental, methods, apparatus, reagents, automation, data processing     

Effect of fatty acid methyl esters from plastrum testudinis on proliferation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells

The ointment of plastrum testudinis was extracted using petroleum ether, ether and dichloromethane sequentially and the extracts were methyl-esterified. The effects on the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (bMMSCs) were examined by MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay and flow cytometry analysis. The volatile components of the samples were studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results show that the methyl-esterified parts can promote the proliferation of stem cells and they all contain palmitic acid methyl ester. Palmitic acid methyl ester can promote proliferation when the concentration was 0.15 μg/μL. It may be concluded that the palmitic acid methyl ester is important for the methyl-esterified parts that have effects on proliferation. __________ Translated from Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2007, 35 (10): 1400–1404 [译自: 分析化学]     

Rethinking Chemistry

The German Chemical Society (GDCh) Board of Directors chose the motto “Rethinking Chemistry” last year to address challenges connected to climate change, loss of natural resources, and geopolitical conflicts as the guiding principle of all our endeavors and actions. Rethinking Chemistry indicates the Board's desire to encourage scientists to approach chemistry in a new way, with a focus on reconsidering the field from many different angles. By taking a holistic approach, the Board intends to foster innovative, sustainable, and effective ways to use chemistry. Rethinking Chemistry is also the motto of the GDCh Science Forum Chemistry (WiFo) 2023, and a Special Collection on the homepage of Angewandte Chemie is dedicated to this event and its motto. Rethinking Chemistry means something different in each area of chemistry, and the WiFo 2023 as well as this Special Collection of Angewandte Chemie showcase its many facets.     

Highly sensitive choline biosensor based on carbon nanotube-modified Pt electrode combined with sol-gel immobilization

A novel amperometric choline biosensor has been fabricated with choline oxidase (ChOx) immobilized by the sol-gel method on the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) modified platinum electrode to improve the sensitivity and the anti-interferential property of the sensor. By analyzing the electrocatalytic activity of the modified electrode by MWCNT, it was found that MWCNT could not only improve the current response to H₂O₂ but also decrease the electrocatalytic potential. The effects of experimental variables such as the buffer solutions, pH and the amount of loading enzyme were investigated for the optimum analytical performance. This sensor shows sensitive determination of choline with a linear range from 5.0 × 10⁻⁶ to 1.0 × 10⁻⁴ mol/L when the operating pH and potential are 7.2 and 0.15 V, respectively. The detection limit of choline was 5.0 × 10⁻⁷ mol/L. Selectivity for choline was 9.48 μA·(mmol/L)⁻¹. The biosensor exhibits excellent anti-interferential property and good stability, retaining 85% of its original current value even after a month. It has been applied to the determination of choline in human serum. Translated from Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2006, 34(7): 910–914 (in Chinese)     

Synthesis,structure and chemical properties of hypervalent germanium compounds,derivatives of lactams with a fragment

The results of studies aimed at elaborating methods for synthesizing penta- and hexacoordinated organogermanium derivatives containing lactamo-N-methyl and related bidentate ligands and investigating their structure and reactivity are reviewed. In these compounds the germanium coordination units include one or two O(or S)-Ge-X or N-Ge-X (X — an electron-deficient group) hypervalent fragments.The review is based on the report at the conference Workshop on the Modern Problems of Heteroorganic Chemistry, Moscow, May 8–13, 1993.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 982–993, June, 1994.     

Independent-cluster methods as mappings of quantum theory into classical mechanics

Summary The algebraic structures of theconfiguration interaction, normal coupled cluster, andextended coupled cluster methods are reviewed and developed. These methods are pointed out to perform a mapping of the quantum mechanical problem into a classical phase space, where in each case the classical canonical coordinates have characteristically different cluster and locality properties. Special focus is given to the extended coupled cluster method (ECCM), which alone is based on an entirely additively separable coordinate system. The general principles are formulated for systems with both bosonic and fermionic degrees of freedom, allowing both commutative and anticommutative (Grassmann) cluster amplitudes. The properties of the classical images are briefly discussed. It is proposed that phase spaces may exist which are fixed points of quantization.Based on a talk given at theWorkshop on Coupled-Cluster Theory at the Interface of Atomic Physics and Quantum Chemistry, Harvard-Smithsonian Institute for Theoretical Atomic and Molecular Physics, Cambridge, MA, August 7–11, 1990     

Metrology for chemical engineers

 The first full-semester course on Quality Assurance in Chemical Measurement was held at the Technical University of Denmark from September to December 1999. The course required sufficient knowledge of basic statistics to understand and apply the methods recommended in ISO 5725–1/6 Accuracy of Measurement Methods and Results. The main purpose of the course was, however, to familiarize PhD students with the BIPM philosophy, using the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Guide to Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, which was accepted by IUPAC and other international scientific organizations in 1993. Chemists are notoriously reluctant to accept the BIPM philosophy, but the appearance of a new Draft Guide Quantifying Uncertainty in Analytical Measurement at the EURACHEM Workshop in Helsinki in June 1999 stimulated us to make an attempt to overcome such chemical prejudice. After thorough reading of the examples presented in the Draft Guide, each of the participating students had to prepare an uncertainty budget for their own particular project and present it to the other participants for discussion. Eventually the students learned how to verify their uncertainty budgets by means of experimental results; this invariably entailed a re-evaluation of the uncertainty components in the original budget. The revised budget was again verified, and this iteration was continued until the budget correctly predicted the uncertainty of individual results covering the whole range of applicability of the analytical method. The paper presents the detailed structure of this first course, as well as improvements in the next course scheduled for the year 2000.     

On Recent Discussion Concerning Quantum Justification of the Periodic Table of the Elements

The recent exchange on the quantum justification of the Periodic System of the Elements in this Journal between Scerri [Foundations of Chemistry 6: 93–116, 2004] and Friedrich [Foundations of Chemistry 6: 117–132, 2004] is supplemented by some methodological comments.     

Synthesis and fungicidal activity of novel 3,5-diarylpyrazole derivatives

(E)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl) prop-2-en-1-one was prepared from 2-chlorobenzaldehyde followed by cyclization with hydrazine monohydrate. Eight new 3-(2,4-Di-chlorophenyl)-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-N-acylpyrazole derivatives were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. The experimental results show that the inhibition ratio of compounds 3f towards H. Oryzae and P. oryzae at 50 mg·L⁻¹ is 55.2% and 57.1%, respectively. The inhibition ratio of compounds 3g towards H. Oryzae, P. oryza, S. Sclerotiorum at 50 mg·L⁻¹ is 53.3%, 60.0%, 50.4% respectively. __________ Translated from Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2007, 27(7): 835–837