色噪声性质对一氧化氮还原反应体系随机共振的影响

研究了一定温度条件下和NO气体偏压pNO处在超临界Hopf分岔点附近时,Pt(100)/NO+CO表面催化还原反应体系被色噪声调制后的动力学行为.通过计算机模拟,观察到了色噪声诱导的反应振荡和随机共振现象.探讨了色噪声强度和相关时间对随机共振行为的影响,得到一些新的结果.     

一氧化碳催化氧化过程中噪声和信号的协同效应

在合适的条件下 ,噪声和信号同时输入非线性体系统 ,其响应规律可以表现出协同效应 ,这就是所谓的随机共振 ,其中噪声起到积极作用 :提高信噪比 ,增加弱信号可测性 .以一氧化碳催化氧化表面反应为例 ,通过线性稳定性分析方法 ,研究了系统的稳定性问题 ,以及体系对外加噪声和信号的调制响应 ;通过数值模拟发现 ,当体系处于狭窄的双稳态区 ,或化学振荡区边缘时 ,噪声可以诱发态 态转变 ,发生随机共振现象 ,表现出比一维体系更丰富的动力学特征 .     

色噪声作用下一氧化碳表面催化氧化反应体系的随机共振

研究了Pt(110)/CO+O₂表面催化氧化反应体系在一定温度条件下, 当CO气体偏压P_u在超临界Hopf分岔点附近被色噪声调制后的动力学行为. 通过计算机模拟观察到色噪声诱导的振荡和随机共振(stochastic resonance)现象, 探讨了色噪声强度和相关时间对随机共振行为的影响, 分析了体系对环境涨落的敏感性范围.     

纳米尺度钯粒子表面一氧化碳氧化反应内噪声随机共振

在随机模型的基础上, 运用化学Langevin 方程、Poisson近似和精确随机模拟方法, 研究了内噪声对纳米(nm)尺度钯(Pd)粒子表面上一氧化碳(CO)催化氧化反应的影响. 在这类介观体系中, 由于显著内噪声的存在, 化学反应速率振荡具有随机性. 研究发现, 对于给定的CO偏压, 随着内噪声强度的改变, 随机振荡强度经过一个极大值, 从而证明了内噪声随机共振的存在. 这一现象表明, 合适的内噪声有利于反应速率振荡. 这种内噪声随机共振行为对外界参数(如CO偏压)具有稳定性(robust).     

非恒温CO表面催化氧化体系双随机共振

当考虑化学反应热、热传导和热辐射的影响时, Pt(110)/CO+O2表面催化氧化体系温度出现时空变化. 以衬底温度为控制参数, 通过计算机模拟, 研究了衬底温度噪声对该非恒温表面反应体系振荡动力学行为的影响. 研究发现, 温度噪声可以诱导体系双随机共振现象, 而且增大衬底温度可以使体系共振行为由双随机共振变为单随机共振. 这表明体系可以利用温度噪声加强其反应振荡, 并对其具有双重选择性, 人们可以通过改变衬底温度大小来控制体系的共振行为.     

噪声性质对B-Z流动反应体系随机共振影响的模拟

用一个三变量的B-Z流动反应模型研究当流速参数kf在Hopf分岔点附近被色噪声和白噪声调制后系统动力学的行为. 通过计算机模拟观察到噪声诱导的振荡以及随机共振(stochastic resonance)现象, 以及色噪声的相关时间和白噪声的持续时间对随机共振行为的影响.     

阳极溶解电化学振荡体系中白噪声诱导随机共振的模拟

通过对电化学阳极溶解振荡模型加白噪声后引发的随机共振现象的模拟研究发现,在该体系的周期二振荡态时呈现显性内信号随机共振现象。当白噪声加在该电化学体系的周期二振荡态时,内信号的信噪比随着噪声的增大达到了最大值。同样噪声强度情况下,强信号的信噪比增加比弱信号的增加更加迅速。如果同时改变噪声强度,体系的信号频率也维持不变。研究表明,噪声对内信号的优化具有选择性,而体系的内信号也具有抵抗噪声和维持内在机制不变的性质。     

化学体系随机共振现象的理论研究

化学体系中随机共振现象的特性、机理、本质和应用的研究是非常重要的前沿课题。综述中国科学技术大学非线性化学实验室,在化学体系随机共振现象的理论研究中,所取得的主要成果,并阐述化学体系随机共振现象研究中所提出来的若干重要问题：非均相化学体系中随机共振;化学体系中内信号随机共振;化学体系中多重随机共振;化学体系中随机共振的调制;化学体系中色噪声作用下的随机共振;化学体系中时空随机共振;耦合化学体系中随机共振;化学体系中双参量随机共振。     

Pt(100)/NO+CO体系随机共振的理论研究

在远离平衡的条件下,NO在Pt(100)表面进行的催化还原反应表现出化学振荡和化学多稳态等复杂的动力学行为.利用Fink等提出的反应模型,通过计算机模拟对体系的控制参量进行周期调制和随机调制,在简单双稳区以及振荡与稳态的共存区,观察到随机共振(StochasticResonance:SR)现象.     

合成基因网络中的内信号随机共振

研究了一个合成基因网络模型被噪声调控时的动力学行为. 通过计算机模拟发现了噪声诱导的振荡和随机共振现象(stochastic resonance), 并且发现存在一个最合适的噪声强度, 使得体系的有效振荡最容易出现. 还讨论了这种随机共振现象对基因体系的积极作用.     

Two-parameter stochastic resonance in a model of electrochemical oxidation of formic acid on Pt

Stochastic resonance (SR) is shown in a two-parameter system, a model of electrochemical oxidation of formic acid on Pt. The driving current and the saturation coverage for carbon monoxide are two control parameters in this model. Modulation of an excitable focal stable state close to a Hopf bifurcation by a weak periodic signal in one parameter and noise in the other parameter is found to give rise to SR. The results indicate that the noise can enlarge a weak periodic signal and lead the system to be ordered. The scenario and novel aspects of SR in this system are discussed.     

Two-Parameter Stochastic Resonance in a Model of Electrodissolution of Fe in H_2SO_4

IntroductionStochastic resonance (SR) is a nonlinear effect which describes the optimal detection of a weak periodic signal by the action of external noise in nonlinear systems. SR was originally proposed to account for periodicity in the Earth's ice ages1, and it has been observed in a wide range of biological2-4 , physical5 and chemical6 systems. The systems mentioned above which may give rise to SR have a denominator despite many examples of SR in different scientific areas. It is noted…     

Internal signal stochastic resonance of a synthetic gene network

Noise is generally regarded as a disadvantageous factor, which would smear weak signals; therefore, people always try to reduce its influence. However, recent studies show that, for a nonlinear system, under certain circumstances, noise can enhance system…     

Periodic and random perturbation of catalytic oxidation of CO

When a controllable input is modulated by noise and signal, the response of a nonlinear system may exhibit a synchronized effect, which is referred to as stochastic resonance(SR). With the help of noise, the detection of weak signal may become possible and its signal-to-noise ratio can be increased. A model to describe catalytic oxidation of CO on single crystal was adopted, and its stability was studied by linear analysis method. Through computer simulation, the responses under periodic and random perturbation were analyzed. Stochastic resonance behavior was found in a narrow bistable region, or near the oscillatory region. The results shows more characteristics than those of 1-dimensional system does.     

Influences of a periodic signal on a noisy synthetic gene network

The effects of noise and a periodic signal on a synthetic gene network have been investigated. By tuning the distance of a parameter from the Hopf bifurcation point, both implicit internal signal stochastic resonance and explicit internal signal stochastic resonance can be induced by noise. Furthermore, a switch process can also be elicited. When a periodic signal is coupled to the gene network, two interesting phenomena occur with the modulation of the frequency of the signal: the effect of noise amplifyin...     

内噪声作用下的随机共振算法对弱信号的检测

基于随机共振理论提出了一种简便、有效地检测弱信号的方法。在内噪声协同作用下，通过调节输入噪声信号的大小能较好地提高系统输出信号的信噪比，从而实现检测背景噪声很强的弱信号的目的。应用于模拟信号和实验信号的结果证明了方法是可行的。     

基于周期调节的随机共振算法对化学弱信号的检测研究

提出了一种新的随机共振算法,通过对系统的周期进行调节以实现系统的共振.讨论了实现共振的系统参数,并对模拟信号和拉曼光谱实验信号进行了处理.结果表明,该方法不仅可方便地用于弱化学信号的处理,克服检出信号的滞后现象,而且对不同噪声水平的信号均有良好的适用性.     

A method based on stochastic resonance for the detection of weak analytical signal

An effective method for detection of weak analytical signals with strong noise background is proposed based on the theory of stochastic resonance (SR). Compared with the conventional SR-based algorithms, the proposed algorithm is simplified by changing only one parameter to realize the weak signal detection. Simulation studies revealed that the method performs well in detection of analytical signals in very high level of noise background and is suitable for detecting signals with the different noise level by changing the parameter. Applications of the method to experimental weak signals of X-ray diffraction and Raman spectrum are also investigated. It is found that reliable results can be obtained.     

Approximate methods for the fast computation of EPR and ST-EPR spectra. III. Extension of the perturbation approximation to conditions of overmodulatio

The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and saturation transfer electron paramagnetic resonance (ST-EPR) spectra typical of nitroxide spin labels obeying an isotropic, brownian diffusion model are theoretically investigated. The derivative approximation discussed in the first paper of this series (I) is examined and generalized to consider large modulation amplitudes. The approximation considers both molecular and applied modulation effects with the Zeeman modulation frequency acting as a perturbation parameter. The application of the approximation to first and second harmonic simulations is discussed. The observations of I are preserved for first harmonic spectra. The approximation is able to accurately reproduce the in-phase absorption and in-phase-quadrature dispersion signals. In-phase dispersion signals are reproducible at low microwave powers while in-phase-quadrature signals may be reproduced at higher powers. The approximation is of limited utility for second harmonic simulations and is particularly unable to reproduce the in-phase-quadrature absorption signal at this harmonic. The approximation enables a marked reduction in both the core and CPU time required for simulations. Factors of 3 and 4.2 respectively were realized in the simulations of slow isotropic brownian diffusion.