化学氧碘激光器内流场亚跨超音速混合的大涡模拟研究

 利用大涡模拟对化学氧碘激光器内的亚跨超音速混合过程进行模拟分析,其结果表明了大涡模拟对这种低压、低密度、亚跨超音速及夹杂多种介质的化学流场的可执行性。与传统的雷诺平均仿真结果相比较,大涡模拟能掌握更多的流场细节数据,能够对混合过程进行精准地判断和分析。在此基础上,提出了碘流反向45°入流的设计方案以增强混合程度,计算表明采用此种方案在相应出光面上平均小信号增益系数提高了5%。     

对旋轴流水轮机的非定常数值模拟研究

为了研究采用对旋转轮的新型轴流式水轮机的非定常性能,应用三维非定常数值计算方法,对该新型水轮机进行了数值模拟研究.数值计算中,采用了全三维全流道的数值计算方法,基于DES(Detached Eddy Simulation)方法获得了对旋轴流水轮机的非定常流场和能量性能.计算结果显示,该新型水轮机在一个转动周期的不同时刻,其内部流场存在显著的非定常特性.     

电磁内爆套筒屈曲的数值模拟

 采用瞬态非线性有限元方法对电磁内爆套筒屈曲进行了数值模拟研究。介绍了瞬态非线性有限元方法的基本原理、电磁内爆套筒模拟的基本方法及对实验的模拟结果。通过分析比较认为,建立的数值模拟方法较好地反映了实验结果,可以作为研究分析电磁内爆套筒屈曲的基本方法之一。     

On the necessity of light transport simulation in scintillators

In this study, the light transport simulation in scintillators is introduced, the wavelength-dependencies in the process are taken into account, the effect of different shapes/lengths of lightguides on the response of the scintillation detectors are investigated and finally the need for such a simulation in addition to the particle transport simulation in a perfect response function predicting code is explained.     

脉冲X射线辐射效应时间能量联合数值模拟

在脉冲X射线辐射效应研究中,需要将时间维度信息结合到仿真模型中,进而实现基于时间能量联合方法的辐射效应数值模拟,同时也为瞬态脉冲辐照效应的仿真提供了一种思路。建立轫致辐射打靶模型,计算出射脉冲X射线能谱,得到脉冲X射线的时间能量联合谱,结合辐射对象的辐射效应仿真模型,获得氧化铝陶瓷试样在不同时间及不同入射深度处的能量沉积。     

Spatial-dependent simulation of TEA CO2 lasers

We have developed a 1-D spatially-dependent model and simulation code to study the dynamics of TEA CO₂ lasers. In this paper we will discuss the motivation for developing the model and present the simulation details. We have compared and verified the simulation results with the previous 0-D model, and with the measurements of a TEA CO₂ laser. With spatial resolution, the 1-D simulation is in better agreement with experimental results compared with the existing 0-D model.     

载气密闭循环氧碘化学激光技术模拟实验研究

载气密闭循环氧碘化学激光器技术是一种有望大幅减小氧碘化学激光器体积和降低运行成本的技术,然而至今鲜见相关实验报道。采用超音速喷管加双螺杆真空泵建成了模拟实验装置,并通过测量超音速喷管前后和双螺杆真空泵出入口处的气动参数的方法开展了载气密闭循环氧碘化学激光器的可行性研究和工作稳定性模拟实验研究。模拟实验研究结果证明了该技术的可行性,发现并分析了其光腔压力随双螺杆真空泵转速提高而出现压力拐点的现象,确定了其稳定运行工作条件,为实现载气密闭循环氧碘化学激光器的真正运行和小型化奠定了良好的基础。     

基于JMCT软件的中子活化数值模拟程序的开发和检验北大核心CSCD

中子活化产物和辐射特征的数值模拟程序是研究材料活化效应的重要工具。在JMCT软件的基础上开发了具备材料中子活化效应模拟能力的数值模拟程序,并将其命名为“中子活化数值模拟程序”,旨在将其应用于军控核查、核安全等领域的研究中。对该程序在核弹头内部中子输运和活化计算的准确性进行了验证,发现该程序对核弹头内部中子输运和活化的计算精度优良。利用该程序研究了混凝土地面核素在裂变核材料的裂变中子辐照下的活化效应,计算结果进一步验证了中子活化数值模拟程序的功能。     

Monte Carlo simulation for the estimation of iron in human whole blood and comparison with experimental data

Monte Carlo N-particle (MCNP) code has been used to simulate the transport of gamma photon rays of different energies (22, 31, 59.5 and 81 keV) to estimate the iron content in solutions. In this study, MCNP simulation results are compared with experiment and XCOM theoretical data. The simulation shows that the obtained results are in good agreement with experimental data, and better than the theoretical XCOM values. The study indicates that MCNP simulation is an excellent tool to estimate the iron concentration in the blood samples. The MCNP code can also be utilized to estimate other trace elements in the blood samples.     

离心泵流量突增过程瞬态流动研究

为研究离心泵流量突增过程所表现的外部瞬态水力特性及其内部流动机理,对离心泵在管路阀门突然开启条件下的特性进行数值模拟和实验研究。测试了不同稳定流量下的离心泵外特性和内流场,验证了稳态工况下的仿真结果。在稳态实验与仿真的基础上,利用分离涡模型(DES)对离心泵流量突增过程的流场进行了数值模拟研究。结果表明,流量突增的瞬态过程的流量-扬程曲线明显偏离稳态值,其主要原因是流量变化引起的流体加速效应及泵内的旋涡结构的不断演化。     

JEMS-FDTD软件在运输机电磁特性仿真中的应用

复杂电磁环境的研究包括多方面内容,其中飞行器的电磁环境效应研究受到了较多的关注。随着计算机技术的飞速发展,利用数值模拟技术获得飞行器电磁特性已经成为飞行器电磁环境效应研究的一个重要手段。我们将自主研发的大规模并行三维时域全波电磁模拟软件JEMS-FDTD应用于运输机整机电磁特性仿真,计算并分析了飞机的电磁耦合散射特性,获得了飞行器在电磁脉冲照射下的时域/频域、近场/远场等电磁信息。计算中为保证精度采用了非均匀以及高阶FDTD计算技术。     

蒸气压缩式制冷装置仿真的基本理论和热点问题

针对蒸气压缩式制冷装置仿真的基本理论进行了总结。将稳态仿真方法归纳为四种 :连续替代 (SS)方法、牛顿 -辛普生 (NR)方法、顺序模块 (SM)方法以及联立方程解 (SES)方法。动态仿真研究在总量上还较少 ,从中难以归纳出普遍适用的方法。模型的数值健壮性、模型的通用性以及大型机组的仿真是目前的热点问题。     

三维材料微结构设计与数值模拟

为了研究材料细观尺度的力学性能与失效行为,达到对材料微结构的“性能导向型”设计与性能预测的目的,通过程序设计结合有限元数值模拟的方法实现多元多相异质体材料微观组织结构的计算机仿真、材料微结构的细观力学计算与虚拟失效分析.以材料微观组织结构计算机仿真软件ProDesign构造的多晶体材料与多晶体基复合材料微结构的代表性体积单元为基础,基于对商业有限元软件ABAQUS的二次开发,实现对材料微结构细观力学的数值计算,并根据数值模拟结果预测微结构的材料性能,识别“材料结构弱点”,评估异质体材料微结构内微裂纹的启裂 关键词： 材料微结构 数值模拟 各向异性 虚拟失效     

Modeling and characterization of TFT-LCD display module for LED projector

We developed optical simulation models for TFT-LCD modules in LED projectors to study the effects of optical properties and light projection tilting angle on the transmission rate of liquid crystals. Optical properties for modules in each of the LCD panel layers were included in the study. The experiment for establishing crystal rotation was first constructed to measure changes in the transmission rate as light was projected on the LCD panel from different angles. The relationship between light attenuation and the allowable angles at which the LCD panel is able to allow light to shine through, was investigated. The results were used as parameters in the optical simulations. Through the use of LightTools, an optical software package, optical simulation was built for different modules in each of the LCD panel layers and optical simulation analysis was performed on the overall structure of the TFT-LCD panel. Results from the simulation analysis were compared with experimental results from scanning illumination measurement. The disparity between simulated and experimental values was less than 13%, ensuring the rationality and accuracy of the optical simulation.     

Simulation of spectral reflectances in human skin tissue using ray tracing and GPU-based Monte Carlo method

We study a simulation of spectral reflectance in human skin tissue using ray-tracing software and the Monte Carlo method on the basis of a graphics processing unit (GPU). An analysis of light propagation using ray-tracing software has several advantages in that it can readily reproduce the complex structure of skin tissue, such as grooves of the skin surface or the boundaries of skin tissue layers, and perform optical simulation with optical elements close to those in a real experiment using only the ray-tracing software. Meanwhile, it has a serious disadvantage in that the simulation time is extremely long because the algorithm is CPU-based. To overcome this disadvantage, we propose a simulation method using the ray-tracing software and a GPU-based Monte Carlo simulation (MCS). The results of the simulation are shown and discussed.     

Quasicontinuum analysis of the effect of tool geometry on nanometric cutting of single crystal copper

A dynamic multiscale simulation based on quasicontinuum method (QC) has been conducted to study the effect of tool geometry in nanometric cutting process of single crystal copper. In the simulation, the many-body EAM potential is used for the interactions between copper atoms in of the workpiece. The simulation captures the atomistic behaviors of material removal mechanisms from the free surface and the mobility of dislocations and their interactions with the computational cost of local atomistic simulation method. Simulations are performed on single crystal copper to study the atomistic details of material removal, chip formation, sub-surface deformation, and machining mechanism. The simulation results demonstrate that tool edge radius has significant effect on chip formation and subsurface deformation, because the effective rake angle varies with the tool edge radius. In addition, different effective rake angles result in different stress states and smoother surface can be obtained under bigger clearance angle. The variations of tangential force, normal force as well as the ratio of normal force to tangential force are obtained to analyze the effects of tool edge radius, rake angle and clearance angle in quantitative way.     

基于基元反应模型的H2-O2-N2爆轰数值模拟

 采用12组分、23个化学反应的基元化学反应模型,用5阶加权本质无震荡格式（WENO）、3阶TVD Runge-Kutta格式,对H₂-O₂-N₂混合气体胞格爆轰进行了数值模拟。研究了一维ZND爆轰、自维持爆轰的详细结构以及三波点附近的流动结构。计算结果表明：由横波的压力可以显著促进二维爆轰波波阵面的形成;横波的运动生成三波点,三波点造成了爆轰的自维持传播。     

量子计算与量子模拟

量子计算和量子模拟在过去的几年里发展迅速,今后涉及多量子比特的量子计算和量子模拟将是一个发展的重点.本文回顾了该领域的主要进展,包括量子多体模拟、量子计算、量子计算模拟器、量子计算云平台、量子软件等内容,其中量子多体模拟又涵盖量子多体动力学、时间晶体及多体局域化、量子统计和量子化学等的模拟.这些研究方向的回顾是基于对现阶段量子计算和量子模拟研究特点的考虑,即量子比特数处于中等规模而量子操控精度还不具有大规模逻辑门实现的能力,研究处于基础科研和实用化的过渡阶段,因此综述的内容主要还是希望管窥今后的发展.     

过冷液氮温度下块材的悬浮特性及其仿真研究

随着温度的降低, 超导块材表现出的超导特性也随之变化. 本文结合现有实际应用的车载超导块材冷却方法, 通过改变气压的方式营造过冷液氮温度条件, 探究块材组合与 Halbach 轨道之间的悬浮特性. 由于实验测量存在一定局限性, 只能完成部分工况条件下的研究. 为了更加系统全面的研究, 本文对过冷状态下超导块材的悬浮特性进行仿真计算, 通过与实验结果对比来确定仿真参数. 结果显示, 仿真计算与实验数据吻合度较高, 为后期的研究工作提供了仿真工具.     

Applicability of molecular dynamics method to the pressure-driven gas flow in finite length nano-scale slit pores

This study investigates the applicability of the molecular dynamics (MD) method to the pressure-driven gas flow in finite length nano-scale slit pores. The reflecting particle membrane is introduced to induce a pressure difference between the inlet and outlet. The flow properties are compared with those of the Burnett equations. The inlet and outlet pressures, as well as the mass flow rate in these two simulations are maintained the same by adjusting the tangential momentum accommodation coefficient in the Burnett simulation, which is found to be between 0.4 and 0.5. Qualitative and quantitative agreements are observed between the MD and Burnett simulation results in the bulk of the pore for both streamwise distributions and cross-section profiles. The MD simulation shows an advantage in the near-wall region, in which the wall force field dominates flow behaviour. This study indicates that MD simulation can be used to describe the pressure-driven gas flow characteristics in finite length nano-scale slit pores.